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20 .TH "GIT-LS-FILES" 1 "" "" ""
22 git-ls-files \- Information about files in the index/working directory
26 \fIgit\-ls\-files\fR [\-z] [\-t] [\-v]
27 (\-\-[cached|deleted|others|ignored|stage|unmerged|killed|modified])*
28 (\-[c|d|o|i|s|u|k|m])*
29 [\-x <pattern>|\-\-exclude=<pattern>]
30 [\-X <file>|\-\-exclude\-from=<file>]
31 [\-\-exclude\-per\-directory=<file>]
33 [\-\-full\-name] [\-\-abbrev] [\-\-] [<file>]*
39 This merges the file listing in the directory cache index with the actual working directory list, and shows different combinations of the two\&.
42 One or more of the options below may be used to determine the files shown:
48 Show cached files in the output (default)
52 Show deleted files in the output
56 Show modified files in the output
60 Show other files in the output
64 Show ignored files in the output Note the this also reverses any exclude list present\&.
68 Show stage files in the output
72 If a whole directory is classified as "other", show just its name (with a trailing slash) and not its whole contents\&.
75 \-\-no\-empty\-directory
76 Do not list empty directories\&. Has no effect without \-\-directory\&.
80 Show unmerged files in the output (forces \-\-stage)
84 Show files on the filesystem that need to be removed due to file/directory conflicts for checkout\-index to succeed\&.
88 \\0 line termination on output\&.
91 \-x|\-\-exclude=<pattern>
92 Skips files matching pattern\&. Note that pattern is a shell wildcard pattern\&.
95 \-X|\-\-exclude\-from=<file>
96 exclude patterns are read from <file>; 1 per line\&.
99 \-\-exclude\-per\-directory=<file>
100 read additional exclude patterns that apply only to the directory and its subdirectories in <file>\&.
104 If any <file> does not appear in the index, treat this as an error (return 1)\&.
108 Identify the file status with the following tags (followed by a space) at the start of each line:
136 Similar to \-t, but use lowercase letters for files that are marked as \fIalways matching index\fR\&.
140 When run from a subdirectory, the command usually outputs paths relative to the current directory\&. This option forces paths to be output relative to the project top directory\&.
144 Instead of showing the full 40\-byte hexadecimal object lines, show only handful hexdigits prefix\&. Non default number of digits can be specified with \-\-abbrev=<n>\&.
148 Do not interpret any more arguments as options\&.
152 Files to show\&. If no files are given all files which match the other specified criteria are shown\&.
157 show files just outputs the filename unless \fI\-\-stage\fR is specified in which case it outputs:
160 [<tag> ]<mode> <object> <stage> <file>
164 "git\-ls\-files \-\-unmerged" and "git\-ls\-files \-\-stage" can be used to examine detailed information on unmerged paths\&.
167 For an unmerged path, instead of recording a single mode/SHA1 pair, the dircache records up to three such pairs; one from tree O in stage 1, A in stage 2, and B in stage 3\&. This information can be used by the user (or the porcelain) to see what should eventually be recorded at the path\&. (see git\-read\-tree for more information on state)
170 When \-z option is not used, TAB, LF, and backslash characters in pathnames are represented as \\t, \\n, and \\\\, respectively\&.
172 .SH "EXCLUDE PATTERNS"
175 \fIgit\-ls\-files\fR can use a list of "exclude patterns" when traversing the directory tree and finding files to show when the flags \-\-others or \-\-ignored are specified\&.
178 These exclude patterns come from these places:
182 command line flag \-\-exclude=<pattern> specifies a single pattern\&.
185 command line flag \-\-exclude\-from=<file> specifies a list of patterns stored in a file\&.
188 command line flag \-\-exclude\-per\-directory=<name> specifies a name of the file in each directory \fIgit\-ls\-files\fR examines, and if exists, its contents are used as an additional list of patterns\&.
192 An exclude pattern file used by (2) and (3) contains one pattern per line\&. A line that starts with a \fI#\fR can be used as comment for readability\&.
195 There are three lists of patterns that are in effect at a given time\&. They are built and ordered in the following way:
199 \-\-exclude=<pattern> from the command line; patterns are ordered in the same order as they appear on the command line\&.
202 lines read from \-\-exclude\-from=<file>; patterns are ordered in the same order as they appear in the file\&.
205 When \-\-exclude\-per\-directory=<name> is specified, upon entering a directory that has such a file, its contents are appended at the end of the current "list of patterns"\&. They are popped off when leaving the directory\&.
209 Each pattern in the pattern list specifies "a match pattern" and optionally the fate; either a file that matches the pattern is considered excluded or included\&. A filename is matched against the patterns in the three lists; the \-\-exclude\-from list is checked first, then the \-\-exclude\-per\-directory list, and then finally the \-\-exclude list\&. The last match determines its fate\&. If there is no match in the three lists, the fate is "included"\&.
212 A pattern specified on the command line with \-\-exclude or read from the file specified with \-\-exclude\-from is relative to the top of the directory tree\&. A pattern read from a file specified by \-\-exclude\-per\-directory is relative to the directory that the pattern file appears in\&.
215 An exclude pattern is of the following format:
219 an optional prefix \fI!\fR which means that the fate this pattern specifies is "include", not the usual "exclude"; the remainder of the pattern string is interpreted according to the following rules\&.
222 if it does not contain a slash \fI/\fR, it is a shell glob pattern and used to match against the filename without leading directories\&.
225 otherwise, it is a shell glob pattern, suitable for consumption by fnmatch(3) with FNM_PATHNAME flag\&. I\&.e\&. a slash in the pattern must match a slash in the pathname\&. "Documentation/*\&.html" matches "Documentation/git\&.html" but not "ppc/ppc\&.html"\&. As a natural exception, "/*\&.c" matches "cat\-file\&.c" but not "mozilla\-sha1/sha1\&.c"\&.
233 # ignore objects and archives, anywhere in the tree\&.
235 $ cat Documentation/\&.gitignore
236 # ignore generated html files,
238 # except foo\&.html which is maintained by hand
240 $ git\-ls\-files \-\-ignored \\
241 \-\-exclude='Documentation/*\&.[0\-9]' \\
242 \-\-exclude\-from=\&.git/ignore \\
243 \-\-exclude\-per\-directory=\&.gitignore
252 $ ls arch/foo/kernel/vm*
253 arch/foo/kernel/vmlinux\&.lds\&.S
254 $ echo '!/vmlinux*' >arch/foo/kernel/\&.gitignore
258 The second \&.gitignore keeps arch/foo/kernel/vmlinux\&.lds\&.S file from getting ignored\&.
263 \fBgit\-read\-tree\fR(1)
268 Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl\&.org>
273 Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git\-list <git@vger\&.kernel\&.org>\&.
278 Part of the \fBgit\fR(7) suite