X-Git-Url: https://git.octo.it/?a=blobdiff_plain;f=Documentation%2Fglossary.txt;h=116ddb7fbfd7654bb7330e8f56dd03a9be029cd1;hb=74237d6236d7e32f69469ff26df3f3bb3875f523;hp=aa1648effbbdcc3b5506553b0f758d4650997eef;hpb=aa9b1573a5ca93395e8e41651bfc7245f10e0240;p=git.git diff --git a/Documentation/glossary.txt b/Documentation/glossary.txt index aa1648ef..116ddb7f 100644 --- a/Documentation/glossary.txt +++ b/Documentation/glossary.txt @@ -3,6 +3,17 @@ alternate object database:: object database from another object database, which is called "alternate". +bare repository:: + A bare repository is normally an appropriately named + directory with a `.git` suffix that does not have a + locally checked-out copy of any of the files under revision + control. That is, all of the `git` administrative and + control files that would normally be present in the + hidden `.git` sub-directory are directly present in + the `repository.git` directory instead, and no other files + are present and checked out. Usually publishers of public + repositories make bare repositories available. + blob object:: Untyped object, e.g. the contents of a file. @@ -28,6 +39,15 @@ checkout:: The action of updating the working tree to a revision which was stored in the object database. +cherry-picking:: + In SCM jargon, "cherry pick" means to choose a subset of + changes out of a series of changes (typically commits) + and record them as a new series of changes on top of + different codebase. In GIT, this is performed by + "git cherry-pick" command to extract the change + introduced by an existing commit and to record it based + on the tip of the current branch as a new commit. + clean:: A working tree is clean, if it corresponds to the revision referenced by the current head. Also see "dirty". @@ -68,6 +88,14 @@ ent:: `http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ent_(Middle-earth)` for an in-depth explanation. +fast forward:: + A fast-forward is a special type of merge where you have + a revision and you are "merging" another branch's changes + that happen to be a descendant of what you have. + In such these cases, you do not make a new merge commit but + instead just update to his revision. This will happen + frequently on a tracking branch of a remote repository. + fetch:: Fetching a branch means to get the branch's head ref from a remote repository, to find out which objects are missing from @@ -81,6 +109,13 @@ file system:: git archive:: Synonym for repository (for arch people). +grafts:: + Grafts enables two otherwise different lines of development to be + joined together by recording fake ancestry information for commits. + This way you can make git pretend the set of parents a commit + has is different from what was recorded when the commit was created. + Configured via the `.git/info/grafts` file. + hash:: In git's context, synonym to object name. @@ -92,6 +127,16 @@ head ref:: A ref pointing to a head. Often, this is abbreviated to "head". Head refs are stored in `$GIT_DIR/refs/heads/`. +hook:: + During the normal execution of several git commands, + call-outs are made to optional scripts that allow + a developer to add functionality or checking. + Typically, the hooks allow for a command to be pre-verified + and potentially aborted, and allow for a post-notification + after the operation is done. + The hook scripts are found in the `$GIT_DIR/hooks/` directory, + and are enabled by simply making them executable. + index:: A collection of files with stat information, whose contents are stored as objects. The index is a stored version of your working @@ -105,10 +150,10 @@ index entry:: that file). master:: - The default branch. Whenever you create a git repository, a branch - named "master" is created, and becomes the active branch. In most - cases, this contains the local development. - + The default development branch. Whenever you create a git + repository, a branch named "master" is created, and becomes + the active branch. In most cases, this contains the local + development, though that is purely conventional and not required. merge:: To merge branches means to try to accumulate the changes since a @@ -143,10 +188,11 @@ octopus:: predator. origin:: - The default upstream branch. Most projects have one upstream - project which they track, and by default 'origin' is used for - that purpose. New updates from upstream will be fetched into - this branch; you should never commit to it yourself. + The default upstream tracking branch. Most projects have at + least one upstream project which they track. By default + 'origin' is used for that purpose. New upstream updates + will be fetched into this branch; you should never commit + to it yourself. pack:: A set of objects which have been compressed into one file (to save @@ -160,6 +206,13 @@ parent:: A commit object contains a (possibly empty) list of the logical predecessor(s) in the line of development, i.e. its parents. +pickaxe:: + The term pickaxe refers to an option to the diffcore routines + that help select changes that add or delete a given text string. + With the --pickaxe-all option, it can be used to view the + full changeset that introduced or removed, say, a particular + line of text. See gitlink:git-diff[1]. + plumbing:: Cute name for core git. @@ -190,8 +243,20 @@ rebase:: changes from that branch. ref:: - A 40-byte hex representation of a SHA1 pointing to a particular - object. These may be stored in `$GIT_DIR/refs/`. + A 40-byte hex representation of a SHA1 or a name that denotes + a particular object. These may be stored in `$GIT_DIR/refs/`. + +refspec:: + A refspec is used by fetch and push to describe the mapping + between remote ref and local ref. They are combined with + a colon in the format :, preceded by an optional + plus sign, +. For example: + `git fetch $URL refs/heads/master:refs/heads/origin` + means "grab the master branch head from the $URL and store + it as my origin branch head". + And `git push $URL refs/heads/master:refs/heads/to-upstream` + means "publish my master branch head as to-upstream master head + at $URL". See also gitlink:git-push[1] repository:: A collection of refs together with an object database containing @@ -217,6 +282,20 @@ SCM:: SHA1:: Synonym for object name. +topic branch:: + A regular git branch that is used by a developer to + identify a conceptual line of development. Since branches + are very easy and inexpensive, it is often desirable to + have several small branches that each contain very well + defined concepts or small incremental yet related changes. + +tracking branch:: + A regular git branch that is used to follow changes from + another repository. A tracking branch should not contain + direct modifications or have local commits made to it. + A tracking branch can usually be identified as the + right-hand-side ref in a Pull: refspec. + tree object:: An object containing a list of file names and modes along with refs to the associated blob and/or tree objects. A tree is equivalent