Added support for PING_OPT_DEVICE.
[liboping.git] / src / liboping.c
index 2892beb..acbc715 100644 (file)
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 /**
  * Object oriented C module to send ICMP and ICMPv6 `echo's.
- * Copyright (C) 2006  Florian octo Forster <octo at verplant.org>
+ * Copyright (C) 2006-2009  Florian octo Forster <octo at verplant.org>
  *
  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
- * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
- * (at your option) any later version.
+ * the Free Software Foundation; only version 2 of the License is
+ * applicable.
  *
  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 # include <stdlib.h>
 # include <stdio.h>
 # include <string.h>
+# include <inttypes.h>
 # include <errno.h>
 # include <assert.h>
 #else
 # error "You don't have the standard C99 header files installed"
 #endif /* STDC_HEADERS */
 
+#ifdef HAVE_STDINT_H
+# include <stdint.h>
+#endif
+
 #if HAVE_UNISTD_H
 # include <unistd.h>
 #endif
@@ -59,6 +64,7 @@
 #if HAVE_SYS_SOCKET_H
 # include <sys/socket.h>
 #endif
+
 #if HAVE_NETDB_H
 # include <netdb.h>
 #endif
@@ -87,7 +93,7 @@
 
 #include "oping.h"
 
-#if DEBUG
+#if WITH_DEBUG
 # define dprintf(...) printf ("%s[%4i]: %-20s: ", __FILE__, __LINE__, __FUNCTION__); printf (__VA_ARGS__)
 #else
 # define dprintf(...) /**/
 
 struct pinghost
 {
+       /* username: name passed in by the user */
+       char                    *username;
+       /* hostname: name returned by the reverse lookup */
        char                    *hostname;
        struct sockaddr_storage *addr;
        socklen_t                addrlen;
@@ -106,6 +115,8 @@ struct pinghost
        int                      sequence;
        struct timeval          *timer;
        double                   latency;
+       uint32_t                 dropped;
+       int                      recv_ttl;
        char                    *data;
 
        void                    *context;
@@ -115,24 +126,77 @@ struct pinghost
 
 struct pingobj
 {
-       double      timeout;
-       int         ttl;
-       int         addrfamily;
-       char       *data;
+       double                   timeout;
+       int                      ttl;
+       int                      addrfamily;
+       char                    *data;
+
+       struct sockaddr         *srcaddr;
+       socklen_t                srcaddrlen;
+
+       char                    *device;
 
-       char        errmsg[PING_ERRMSG_LEN];
+       char                     errmsg[PING_ERRMSG_LEN];
 
-       pinghost_t *head;
+       pinghost_t              *head;
 };
 
 /*
  * private (static) functions
  */
+/* Even though Posix requires "strerror_r" to return an "int",
+ * some systems (e.g. the GNU libc) return a "char *" _and_
+ * ignore the second argument ... -tokkee */
+static char *sstrerror (int errnum, char *buf, size_t buflen)
+{
+       buf[0] = 0;
+
+#if !HAVE_STRERROR_R
+       {
+               snprintf (buf, buflen, "Error %i (%#x)", errnum, errnum);
+       }
+/* #endif !HAVE_STRERROR_R */
+
+#elif STRERROR_R_CHAR_P
+       {
+               char *temp;
+               temp = strerror_r (errnum, buf, buflen);
+               if (buf[0] == 0)
+               {
+                       if ((temp != NULL) && (temp != buf) && (temp[0] != 0))
+                               strncpy (buf, temp, buflen);
+                       else
+                               strncpy (buf, "strerror_r did not return "
+                                               "an error message", buflen);
+               }
+       }
+/* #endif STRERROR_R_CHAR_P */
+
+#else
+       if (strerror_r (errnum, buf, buflen) != 0)
+       {
+               snprintf (buf, buflen, "Error %i (%#x); "
+                               "Additionally, strerror_r failed.",
+                               errnum, errnum);
+       }
+#endif /* STRERROR_R_CHAR_P */
+
+       buf[buflen - 1] = 0;
+
+       return (buf);
+} /* char *sstrerror */
+
 static void ping_set_error (pingobj_t *obj, const char *function,
                const char *message)
 {
-       snprintf (obj->errmsg, PING_ERRMSG_LEN, "%s: %s", function, message);
-       obj->errmsg[PING_ERRMSG_LEN - 1] = '\0';
+       snprintf (obj->errmsg, sizeof (obj->errmsg),
+                       "%s: %s", function, message);
+       obj->errmsg[sizeof (obj->errmsg) - 1] = 0;
+}
+
+static void ping_set_errno (pingobj_t *obj, int error_number)
+{
+       sstrerror (error_number, obj->errmsg, sizeof (obj->errmsg));
 }
 
 static int ping_timeval_add (struct timeval *tv1, struct timeval *tv2,
@@ -153,7 +217,6 @@ static int ping_timeval_add (struct timeval *tv1, struct timeval *tv2,
 static int ping_timeval_sub (struct timeval *tv1, struct timeval *tv2,
                struct timeval *res)
 {
-
        if ((tv1->tv_sec < tv2->tv_sec)
                        || ((tv1->tv_sec == tv2->tv_sec)
                                && (tv1->tv_usec < tv2->tv_usec)))
@@ -162,7 +225,7 @@ static int ping_timeval_sub (struct timeval *tv1, struct timeval *tv2,
        res->tv_sec  = tv1->tv_sec  - tv2->tv_sec;
        res->tv_usec = tv1->tv_usec - tv2->tv_usec;
 
-       assert ((res->tv_sec > 0) || ((res->tv_sec == 0) && (res->tv_usec > 0)));
+       assert ((res->tv_sec > 0) || ((res->tv_sec == 0) && (res->tv_usec >= 0)));
 
        while (res->tv_usec < 0)
        {
@@ -198,7 +261,8 @@ static uint16_t ping_icmp4_checksum (char *buf, size_t len)
        return (ret);
 }
 
-static pinghost_t *ping_receive_ipv4 (pinghost_t *ph, char *buffer, size_t buffer_len)
+static pinghost_t *ping_receive_ipv4 (pingobj_t *obj, char *buffer,
+               size_t buffer_len)
 {
        struct ip *ip_hdr;
        struct icmp *icmp_hdr;
@@ -245,7 +309,8 @@ static pinghost_t *ping_receive_ipv4 (pinghost_t *ph, char *buffer, size_t buffe
 
        if (recv_checksum != calc_checksum)
        {
-               dprintf ("Checksum missmatch: Got 0x%04x, calculated 0x%04x\n",
+               dprintf ("Checksum missmatch: Got 0x%04"PRIx16", "
+                               "calculated 0x%04"PRIx16"\n",
                                recv_checksum, calc_checksum);
                return (NULL);
        }
@@ -253,7 +318,9 @@ static pinghost_t *ping_receive_ipv4 (pinghost_t *ph, char *buffer, size_t buffe
        ident = ntohs (icmp_hdr->icmp_id);
        seq   = ntohs (icmp_hdr->icmp_seq);
 
-       for (ptr = ph; ptr != NULL; ptr = ptr->next)
+       /* We have to iterate over all hosts, since ICMPv4 packets may
+        * be received on any raw v4 socket. */
+       for (ptr = obj->head; ptr != NULL; ptr = ptr->next)
        {
                dprintf ("hostname = %s, ident = 0x%04x, seq = %i\n",
                                ptr->hostname, ptr->ident, ((ptr->sequence - 1) & 0xFFFF));
@@ -270,7 +337,8 @@ static pinghost_t *ping_receive_ipv4 (pinghost_t *ph, char *buffer, size_t buffe
                if (((ptr->sequence - 1) & 0xFFFF) != seq)
                        continue;
 
-               dprintf ("Match found: hostname = %s, ident = 0x%04x, seq = %i\n",
+               dprintf ("Match found: hostname = %s, ident = 0x%04"PRIx16", "
+                               "seq = %"PRIu16"\n",
                                ptr->hostname, ident, seq);
 
                break;
@@ -278,14 +346,34 @@ static pinghost_t *ping_receive_ipv4 (pinghost_t *ph, char *buffer, size_t buffe
 
        if (ptr == NULL)
        {
-               dprintf ("No match found for ident = 0x%04x, seq = %i\n",
+               dprintf ("No match found for ident = 0x%04"PRIx16", seq = %"PRIu16"\n",
                                ident, seq);
        }
 
+       if (ptr != NULL)
+               ptr->recv_ttl = ip_hdr->ip_ttl;
+
        return (ptr);
 }
 
-static pinghost_t *ping_receive_ipv6 (pinghost_t *ph, char *buffer, size_t buffer_len)
+#ifndef ICMP6_ECHO_REQUEST
+# ifdef ICMP6_ECHO /* AIX netinet/ip6_icmp.h */
+#  define ICMP6_ECHO_REQUEST ICMP6_ECHO
+# else
+#  define ICMP6_ECHO_REQUEST 128
+# endif
+#endif
+
+#ifndef ICMP6_ECHO_REPLY
+# ifdef ICMP6_ECHOREPLY /* AIX netinet/ip6_icmp.h */
+#  define ICMP6_ECHO_REPLY ICMP6_ECHOREPLY
+# else
+#  define ICMP6_ECHO_REPLY 129
+# endif
+#endif
+
+static pinghost_t *ping_receive_ipv6 (pingobj_t *obj, char *buffer,
+               size_t buffer_len)
 {
        struct icmp6_hdr *icmp_hdr;
 
@@ -316,7 +404,9 @@ static pinghost_t *ping_receive_ipv6 (pinghost_t *ph, char *buffer, size_t buffe
        ident = ntohs (icmp_hdr->icmp6_id);
        seq   = ntohs (icmp_hdr->icmp6_seq);
 
-       for (ptr = ph; ptr != NULL; ptr = ptr->next)
+       /* We have to iterate over all hosts, since ICMPv6 packets may
+        * be received on any raw v6 socket. */
+       for (ptr = obj->head; ptr != NULL; ptr = ptr->next)
        {
                dprintf ("hostname = %s, ident = 0x%04x, seq = %i\n",
                                ptr->hostname, ptr->ident, ((ptr->sequence - 1) & 0xFFFF));
@@ -333,7 +423,8 @@ static pinghost_t *ping_receive_ipv6 (pinghost_t *ph, char *buffer, size_t buffe
                if (((ptr->sequence - 1) & 0xFFFF) != seq)
                        continue;
 
-               dprintf ("Match found: hostname = %s, ident = 0x%04x, seq = %i\n",
+               dprintf ("Match found: hostname = %s, ident = 0x%04"PRIx16", "
+                               "seq = %"PRIu16"\n",
                                ptr->hostname, ident, seq);
 
                break;
@@ -341,47 +432,133 @@ static pinghost_t *ping_receive_ipv6 (pinghost_t *ph, char *buffer, size_t buffe
 
        if (ptr == NULL)
        {
-               dprintf ("No match found for ident = 0x%04x, seq = %i\n",
+               dprintf ("No match found for ident = 0x%04"PRIx16", "
+                               "seq = %"PRIu16"\n",
                                ident, seq);
        }
 
        return (ptr);
 }
 
-static int ping_receive_one (int fd, pinghost_t *ph, struct timeval *now)
+static int ping_receive_one (pingobj_t *obj, const pinghost_t *ph,
+               struct timeval *now)
 {
-       char   buffer[4096];
-       size_t buffer_len;
+       /* Note: 'ph' is not necessarily the host object for which we receive a
+        * reply. The right object will be returned by ping_receive_ipv*(). For
+        * now, we can only rely on ph->fd and ph->addrfamily. */
 
        struct timeval diff;
-
        pinghost_t *host = NULL;
+       int recv_ttl;
+       
+       /*
+        * Set up the receive buffer..
+        */
+       struct msghdr msghdr;
+       struct cmsghdr *cmsg;
+       char payload_buffer[4096];
+       ssize_t payload_buffer_len;
+       char control_buffer[4096];
+       struct iovec payload_iovec;
+
+       memset (&payload_iovec, 0, sizeof (payload_iovec));
+       payload_iovec.iov_base = payload_buffer;
+       payload_iovec.iov_len = sizeof (payload_buffer);
+
+       memset (&msghdr, 0, sizeof (msghdr));
+       /* unspecified source address */
+       msghdr.msg_name = NULL;
+       msghdr.msg_namelen = 0;
+       /* output buffer vector, see readv(2) */
+       msghdr.msg_iov = &payload_iovec;
+       msghdr.msg_iovlen = 1;
+       /* output buffer for control messages */
+       msghdr.msg_control = control_buffer;
+       msghdr.msg_controllen = sizeof (control_buffer);
+       /* flags; this is an output only field.. */
+       msghdr.msg_flags = 0;
+#ifdef MSG_XPG4_2
+       msghdr.msg_flags |= MSG_XPG4_2;
+#endif
 
-       struct sockaddr_storage sa;
-       socklen_t               sa_len;
-
-       sa_len = sizeof (sa);
-
-       buffer_len = recvfrom (fd, buffer, sizeof (buffer), 0,
-                       (struct sockaddr *) &sa, &sa_len);
-       if (buffer_len == -1)
+       payload_buffer_len = recvmsg (ph->fd, &msghdr, /* flags = */ 0);
+       if (payload_buffer_len < 0)
        {
-               dprintf ("recvfrom: %s\n", strerror (errno));
+#if WITH_DEBUG
+               char errbuf[PING_ERRMSG_LEN];
+               dprintf ("recvfrom: %s\n",
+                               sstrerror (errno, errbuf, sizeof (errbuf)));
+#endif
                return (-1);
        }
+       dprintf ("Read %zi bytes from fd = %i\n", payload_buffer_len, ph->fd);
+
+       /* Iterate over all auxiliary data in msghdr */
+       recv_ttl = -1;
+       for (cmsg = CMSG_FIRSTHDR (&msghdr); /* {{{ */
+                       cmsg != NULL;
+                       cmsg = CMSG_NXTHDR (&msghdr, cmsg))
+       {
+               if (ph->addrfamily == AF_INET) /* {{{ */
+               {
+                       if (cmsg->cmsg_level != IPPROTO_IP)
+                               continue;
+
+                       if (cmsg->cmsg_type == IP_TTL)
+                       {
+                               memcpy (&recv_ttl, CMSG_DATA (cmsg),
+                                               sizeof (recv_ttl));
+                               dprintf ("TTLv4 = %i;\n", recv_ttl);
+                       }
+                       else
+                       {
+                               dprintf ("Not handling option %i.\n",
+                                               cmsg->cmsg_type);
+                       }
+               } /* }}} */
+               else if (ph->addrfamily == AF_INET6) /* {{{ */
+               {
+                       if (cmsg->cmsg_level != IPPROTO_IPV6)
+                               continue;
 
-       dprintf ("Read %i bytes from fd = %i\n", buffer_len, fd);
+                       if (cmsg->cmsg_type == IPV6_HOPLIMIT)
+                       {
+                               memcpy (&recv_ttl, CMSG_DATA (cmsg),
+                                               sizeof (recv_ttl));
+                               dprintf ("TTLv6 = %i;\n", recv_ttl);
+                       }
+                       else
+                       {
+                               dprintf ("Not handling option %i.\n",
+                                               cmsg->cmsg_type);
+                       }
+               } /* }}} */
+               else
+               {
+                       dprintf ("Don't know how to handle "
+                                       "unknown protocol %i.\n",
+                                       cmsg->cmsg_level);
+               }
+       } /* }}} for (cmsg) */
 
-       if (sa.ss_family == AF_INET)
+       if (ph->addrfamily == AF_INET)
        {
-               if ((host = ping_receive_ipv4 (ph, buffer, buffer_len)) == NULL)
+               host = ping_receive_ipv4 (obj, payload_buffer, payload_buffer_len);
+               if (host == NULL)
                        return (-1);
        }
-       else if (sa.ss_family == AF_INET6)
+       else if (ph->addrfamily == AF_INET6)
        {
-               if ((host = ping_receive_ipv6 (ph, buffer, buffer_len)) == NULL)
+               host = ping_receive_ipv6 (obj, payload_buffer, payload_buffer_len);
+               if (host == NULL)
                        return (-1);
        }
+       else
+       {
+               dprintf ("ping_receive_one: Unknown address family %i.\n",
+                               ph->addrfamily);
+               return (-1);
+       }
 
        dprintf ("rcvd: %12i.%06i\n",
                        (int) now->tv_sec,
@@ -400,6 +577,9 @@ static int ping_receive_one (int fd, pinghost_t *ph, struct timeval *now)
                        (int) diff.tv_sec,
                        (int) diff.tv_usec);
 
+       if (recv_ttl >= 0)
+               host->recv_ttl = recv_ttl;
+
        host->latency  = ((double) diff.tv_usec) / 1000.0;
        host->latency += ((double) diff.tv_sec)  * 1000.0;
 
@@ -428,11 +608,14 @@ static int ping_receive_all (pingobj_t *obj)
        ret = 0;
 
        for (ptr = ph; ptr != NULL; ptr = ptr->next)
-               ptr->latency = -1.0;
+       {
+               ptr->latency  = -1.0;
+               ptr->recv_ttl = -1;
+       }
 
        if (gettimeofday (&nowtime, NULL) == -1)
        {
-               ping_set_error (obj, "gettimeofday", strerror (errno));
+               ping_set_errno (obj, errno);
                return (-1);
        }
 
@@ -469,7 +652,7 @@ static int ping_receive_all (pingobj_t *obj)
 
                if (gettimeofday (&nowtime, NULL) == -1)
                {
-                       ping_set_error (obj, "gettimeofday", strerror (errno));
+                       ping_set_errno (obj, errno);
                        return (-1);
                }
 
@@ -484,7 +667,7 @@ static int ping_receive_all (pingobj_t *obj)
 
                if (gettimeofday (&nowtime, NULL) == -1)
                {
-                       ping_set_error (obj, "gettimeofday", strerror (errno));
+                       ping_set_errno (obj, errno);
                        return (-1);
                }
                
@@ -495,19 +678,26 @@ static int ping_receive_all (pingobj_t *obj)
                }
                else if (status < 0)
                {
-                       dprintf ("select: %s\n", strerror (errno));
+#if WITH_DEBUG
+                       char errbuf[PING_ERRMSG_LEN];
+                       dprintf ("select: %s\n",
+                                       sstrerror (errno, errbuf, sizeof (errbuf)));
+#endif
                        break;
                }
                else if (status == 0)
                {
                        dprintf ("select timed out\n");
+                       for (ptr = ph; ptr != NULL; ptr = ptr->next)
+                               if (ptr->latency < 0.0)
+                                       ptr->dropped++;
                        break;
                }
 
                for (ptr = ph; ptr != NULL; ptr = ptr->next)
                {
                        if (FD_ISSET (ptr->fd, &readfds))
-                               if (ping_receive_one (ptr->fd, ph, &nowtime) == 0)
+                               if (ping_receive_one (obj, ptr, &nowtime) == 0)
                                        ret++;
                }
        } /* while (1) */
@@ -537,7 +727,17 @@ static ssize_t ping_sendto (pingobj_t *obj, pinghost_t *ph,
                        (struct sockaddr *) ph->addr, ph->addrlen);
 
        if (ret < 0)
-               ping_set_error (obj, "sendto", strerror (errno));
+       {
+#if defined(EHOSTUNREACH)
+               if (errno == EHOSTUNREACH)
+                       return (0);
+#endif
+#if defined(ENETUNREACH)
+               if (errno == ENETUNREACH)
+                       return (0);
+#endif
+               ping_set_errno (obj, errno);
+       }
 
        return (ret);
 }
@@ -648,7 +848,11 @@ static int ping_send_all (pingobj_t *obj)
                 * sending the packet, so I will do that too */
                if (gettimeofday (ptr->timer, NULL) == -1)
                {
-                       dprintf ("gettimeofday: %s\n", strerror (errno));
+#if WITH_DEBUG
+                       char errbuf[PING_ERRMSG_LEN];
+                       dprintf ("gettimeofday: %s\n",
+                                       sstrerror (errno, errbuf, sizeof (errbuf)));
+#endif
                        timerclear (ptr->timer);
                        ret--;
                        continue;
@@ -701,11 +905,15 @@ static int ping_set_ttl (pinghost_t *ph, int ttl)
 
        if (ph->addrfamily == AF_INET)
        {
-               ret = setsockopt (ph->fd, IPPROTO_IP, IP_TTL, &ttl, sizeof (ttl));
+               dprintf ("Setting TTLv4 to %i\n", ttl);
+               ret = setsockopt (ph->fd, IPPROTO_IP, IP_TTL,
+                               &ttl, sizeof (ttl));
        }
        else if (ph->addrfamily == AF_INET6)
        {
-               ret = setsockopt (ph->fd, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_UNICAST_HOPS, &ttl, sizeof (ttl));
+               dprintf ("Setting TTLv6 to %i\n", ttl);
+               ret = setsockopt (ph->fd, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_UNICAST_HOPS,
+                               &ttl, sizeof (ttl));
        }
 
        return (ret);
@@ -727,21 +935,25 @@ static int ping_get_ident (void)
                        if (read (fd, &seed, sizeof (seed)) != -1)
                        {
                                did_seed = 1;
-                               dprintf ("Random seed: %i\n", seed);
+                               dprintf ("Random seed:   %#x\n", seed);
                                srandom (seed);
                        }
 
                        close (fd);
                }
+#if WITH_DEBUG
                else
                {
-                       dprintf ("open (/dev/urandom): %s\n", strerror (errno));
+                       char errbuf[PING_ERRMSG_LEN];
+                       dprintf ("open (/dev/urandom): %s\n",
+                                       sstrerror (errno, errbuf, sizeof (errbuf)));
                }
+#endif
        }
 
        retval = (int) random ();
 
-       dprintf ("Random number: %i\n", retval);
+       dprintf ("Random number: %#x\n", retval);
        
        return (retval);
 }
@@ -765,7 +977,9 @@ static pinghost_t *ping_alloc (void)
        ph->addr    = (struct sockaddr_storage *) (ph->timer + 1);
 
        ph->addrlen = sizeof (struct sockaddr_storage);
+       ph->fd      = -1;
        ph->latency = -1.0;
+       ph->dropped = 0;
        ph->ident   = ping_get_ident () & 0xFFFF;
 
        return (ph);
@@ -773,6 +987,12 @@ static pinghost_t *ping_alloc (void)
 
 static void ping_free (pinghost_t *ph)
 {
+       if (ph->fd >= 0)
+               close (ph->fd);
+       
+       if (ph->username != NULL)
+               free (ph->username);
+
        if (ph->hostname != NULL)
                free (ph->hostname);
 
@@ -824,6 +1044,12 @@ void ping_destroy (pingobj_t *obj)
        if (obj->data != NULL)
                free (obj->data);
 
+       if (obj->srcaddr != NULL)
+               free (obj->srcaddr);
+
+       if (obj->device != NULL)
+               free (obj->device);
+
        free (obj);
 
        return;
@@ -851,6 +1077,13 @@ int ping_setopt (pingobj_t *obj, int option, void *value)
                                obj->ttl = PING_DEF_TTL;
                                ret = -1;
                        }
+                       else
+                       {
+                               pinghost_t *ph;
+
+                               for (ph = obj->head; ph != NULL; ph = ph->next)
+                                       ping_set_ttl (ph, obj->ttl);
+                       }
                        break;
 
                case PING_OPT_AF:
@@ -862,6 +1095,11 @@ int ping_setopt (pingobj_t *obj, int option, void *value)
                                obj->addrfamily = PING_DEF_AF;
                                ret = -1;
                        }
+                       if (obj->srcaddr != NULL)
+                       {
+                               free (obj->srcaddr);
+                               obj->srcaddr = NULL;
+                       }
                        break;
 
                case PING_OPT_DATA:
@@ -873,6 +1111,89 @@ int ping_setopt (pingobj_t *obj, int option, void *value)
                        obj->data = strdup ((const char *) value);
                        break;
 
+               case PING_OPT_SOURCE:
+               {
+                       char            *hostname = (char *) value;
+                       struct addrinfo  ai_hints;
+                       struct addrinfo *ai_list;
+                       int              status;
+#if WITH_DEBUG
+                       if (obj->addrfamily != AF_UNSPEC)
+                       {
+                               dprintf ("Resetting obj->addrfamily to AF_UNSPEC.\n");
+                       }
+#endif
+                       memset ((void *) &ai_hints, '\0', sizeof (ai_hints));
+                       ai_hints.ai_family = obj->addrfamily = AF_UNSPEC;
+#if defined(AI_ADDRCONFIG)
+                       ai_hints.ai_flags = AI_ADDRCONFIG;
+#endif
+                       status = getaddrinfo (hostname, NULL, &ai_hints, &ai_list);
+                       if (status != 0)
+                       {
+#if defined(EAI_SYSTEM)
+                               char errbuf[PING_ERRMSG_LEN];
+#endif
+                               ping_set_error (obj, "getaddrinfo",
+#if defined(EAI_SYSTEM)
+                                               (status == EAI_SYSTEM)
+                                               ? sstrerror (errno, errbuf, sizeof (errbuf)) :
+#endif
+                                               gai_strerror (status));
+                               ret = -1;
+                               break;
+                       }
+#if WITH_DEBUG
+                       if (ai_list->ai_next != NULL)
+                       {
+                               dprintf ("hostname = `%s' is ambiguous.\n", hostname);
+                       }
+#endif
+                       if (obj->srcaddr == NULL)
+                       {
+                               obj->srcaddrlen = 0;
+                               obj->srcaddr = malloc (sizeof (struct sockaddr_storage));
+                               if (obj->srcaddr == NULL)
+                               {
+                                       ping_set_errno (obj, errno);
+                                       ret = -1;
+                                       freeaddrinfo (ai_list);
+                                       break;
+                               }
+                       }
+                       memset ((void *) obj->srcaddr, 0, sizeof (struct sockaddr_storage));
+                       assert (ai_list->ai_addrlen <= sizeof (struct sockaddr_storage));
+                       memcpy ((void *) obj->srcaddr, (const void *) ai_list->ai_addr,
+                                       ai_list->ai_addrlen);
+                       obj->srcaddrlen = ai_list->ai_addrlen;
+                       obj->addrfamily = ai_list->ai_family;
+
+                       freeaddrinfo (ai_list);
+               } /* case PING_OPT_SOURCE */
+               break;
+
+               case PING_OPT_DEVICE:
+               {
+#ifdef SO_BINDTODEVICE
+                       char *device = strdup ((char *) value);
+
+                       if (device == NULL)
+                       {
+                               ping_set_errno (obj, errno);
+                               ret = -1;
+                               break;
+                       }
+
+                       if (obj->device != NULL)
+                               free (obj->device);
+                       obj->device = device;
+#else /* ! SO_BINDTODEVICE */
+                       ping_set_errno (obj, ENOTSUP);
+                       ret = -1;
+#endif /* ! SO_BINDTODEVICE */
+               } /* case PING_OPT_DEVICE */
+               break;
+
                default:
                        ret = -2;
        } /* switch (option) */
@@ -898,7 +1219,7 @@ static pinghost_t *ping_host_search (pinghost_t *ph, const char *host)
 {
        while (ph != NULL)
        {
-               if (strcasecmp (ph->hostname, host) == 0)
+               if (strcasecmp (ph->username, host) == 0)
                        break;
 
                ph = ph->next;
@@ -911,9 +1232,6 @@ int ping_host_add (pingobj_t *obj, const char *host)
 {
        pinghost_t *ph;
 
-       struct sockaddr_storage sockaddr;
-       socklen_t               sockaddr_len;
-
        struct addrinfo  ai_hints;
        struct addrinfo *ai_list, *ai_ptr;
        int              ai_return;
@@ -928,6 +1246,9 @@ int ping_host_add (pingobj_t *obj, const char *host)
 #ifdef AI_ADDRCONFIG
        ai_hints.ai_flags    |= AI_ADDRCONFIG;
 #endif
+#ifdef AI_CANONNAME
+       ai_hints.ai_flags    |= AI_CANONNAME;
+#endif
        ai_hints.ai_family    = obj->addrfamily;
        ai_hints.ai_socktype  = SOCK_RAW;
 
@@ -937,10 +1258,18 @@ int ping_host_add (pingobj_t *obj, const char *host)
                return (-1);
        }
 
+       if ((ph->username = strdup (host)) == NULL)
+       {
+               dprintf ("Out of memory!\n");
+               ping_set_errno (obj, errno);
+               ping_free (ph);
+               return (-1);
+       }
+
        if ((ph->hostname = strdup (host)) == NULL)
        {
                dprintf ("Out of memory!\n");
-               ping_set_error (obj, "strdup", strerror (errno));
+               ping_set_errno (obj, errno);
                ping_free (ph);
                return (-1);
        }
@@ -949,18 +1278,23 @@ int ping_host_add (pingobj_t *obj, const char *host)
        if ((ph->data = strdup (obj->data == NULL ? PING_DEF_DATA : obj->data)) == NULL)
        {
                dprintf ("Out of memory!\n");
-               ping_set_error (obj, "strdup", strerror (errno));
+               ping_set_errno (obj, errno);
                ping_free (ph);
                return (-1);
        }
 
        if ((ai_return = getaddrinfo (host, NULL, &ai_hints, &ai_list)) != 0)
        {
+#if defined(EAI_SYSTEM)
+               char errbuf[PING_ERRMSG_LEN];
+#endif
                dprintf ("getaddrinfo failed\n");
                ping_set_error (obj, "getaddrinfo",
-                               (ai_return == EAI_SYSTEM)
-                               ? strerror (errno)
-                               : gai_strerror (ai_return));
+#if defined(EAI_SYSTEM)
+                                               (ai_return == EAI_SYSTEM)
+                                               ? sstrerror (errno, errbuf, sizeof (errbuf)) :
+#endif
+                               gai_strerror (ai_return));
                ping_free (ph);
                return (-1);
        }
@@ -972,30 +1306,13 @@ int ping_host_add (pingobj_t *obj, const char *host)
        {
                ph->fd = -1;
 
-               sockaddr_len = sizeof (sockaddr);
-               memset (&sockaddr, '\0', sockaddr_len);
-
                if (ai_ptr->ai_family == AF_INET)
                {
-                       struct sockaddr_in *si;
-
-                       si = (struct sockaddr_in *) &sockaddr;
-                       si->sin_family = AF_INET;
-                       si->sin_port   = htons (ph->ident);
-                       si->sin_addr.s_addr = htonl (INADDR_ANY);
-
                        ai_ptr->ai_socktype = SOCK_RAW;
                        ai_ptr->ai_protocol = IPPROTO_ICMP;
                }
                else if (ai_ptr->ai_family == AF_INET6)
                {
-                       struct sockaddr_in6 *si;
-
-                       si = (struct sockaddr_in6 *) &sockaddr;
-                       si->sin6_family = AF_INET6;
-                       si->sin6_port   = htons (ph->ident);
-                       si->sin6_addr   = in6addr_any;
-
                        ai_ptr->ai_socktype = SOCK_RAW;
                        ai_ptr->ai_protocol = IPPROTO_ICMPV6;
                }
@@ -1016,19 +1333,52 @@ int ping_host_add (pingobj_t *obj, const char *host)
                ph->fd = socket (ai_ptr->ai_family, ai_ptr->ai_socktype, ai_ptr->ai_protocol);
                if (ph->fd == -1)
                {
-                       dprintf ("socket: %s\n", strerror (errno));
-                       ping_set_error (obj, "socket", strerror (errno));
+#if WITH_DEBUG
+                       char errbuf[PING_ERRMSG_LEN];
+                       dprintf ("socket: %s\n",
+                                       sstrerror (errno, errbuf, sizeof (errbuf)));
+#endif
+                       ping_set_errno (obj, errno);
                        continue;
                }
 
-               if (bind (ph->fd, (struct sockaddr *) &sockaddr, sockaddr_len) == -1)
+               if (obj->srcaddr != NULL)
                {
-                       dprintf ("bind: %s\n", strerror (errno));
-                       ping_set_error (obj, "bind", strerror (errno));
-                       close (ph->fd);
-                       ph->fd = -1;
-                       continue;
+                       assert (obj->srcaddrlen > 0);
+                       assert (obj->srcaddrlen <= sizeof (struct sockaddr_storage));
+
+                       if (bind (ph->fd, obj->srcaddr, obj->srcaddrlen) == -1)
+                       {
+#if WITH_DEBUG
+                               char errbuf[PING_ERRMSG_LEN];
+                               dprintf ("bind: %s\n",
+                                               sstrerror (errno, errbuf, sizeof (errbuf)));
+#endif
+                               ping_set_errno (obj, errno);
+                               close (ph->fd);
+                               ph->fd = -1;
+                               continue;
+                       }
+               }
+
+#ifdef SO_BINDTODEVICE
+               if (obj->device != NULL)
+               {
+                       if (setsockopt (ph->fd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_BINDTODEVICE,
+                                       obj->device, strlen (obj->device) + 1) != 0)
+                       {
+#if WITH_DEBUG
+                               char errbuf[PING_ERRMSG_LEN];
+                               dprintf ("setsockopt: %s\n",
+                                               sstrerror (errno, errbuf, sizeof (errbuf)));
+#endif
+                               ping_set_errno (obj, errno);
+                               close (ph->fd);
+                               ph->fd = -1;
+                               continue;
+                       }
                }
+#endif /* SO_BINDTODEVICE */
 
                assert (sizeof (struct sockaddr_storage) >= ai_ptr->ai_addrlen);
                memset (ph->addr, '\0', sizeof (struct sockaddr_storage));
@@ -1036,6 +1386,45 @@ int ping_host_add (pingobj_t *obj, const char *host)
                ph->addrlen = ai_ptr->ai_addrlen;
                ph->addrfamily = ai_ptr->ai_family;
 
+#ifdef AI_CANONNAME
+               if ((ai_ptr->ai_canonname != NULL)
+                               && (strcmp (ph->hostname, ai_ptr->ai_canonname) != 0))
+               {
+                       char *old_hostname;
+
+                       dprintf ("ph->hostname = %s; ai_ptr->ai_canonname = %s;\n",
+                                       ph->hostname, ai_ptr->ai_canonname);
+
+                       old_hostname = ph->hostname;
+                       if ((ph->hostname = strdup (ai_ptr->ai_canonname)) == NULL)
+                       {
+                               /* strdup failed, falling back to old hostname */
+                               ph->hostname = old_hostname;
+                       }
+                       else if (old_hostname != NULL)
+                       {
+                               free (old_hostname);
+                       }
+               }
+#endif /* AI_CANONNAME */
+
+               if (ph->addrfamily == AF_INET)
+               {
+                       int opt = 1;
+
+                       setsockopt (ph->fd, IPPROTO_IP, IP_RECVTTL,
+                                       &opt, sizeof (opt));
+               }
+#if defined(IPPROTO_IPV6) && defined(IPV6_RECVHOPLIMIT)
+               else if (ph->addrfamily == AF_INET6)
+               {
+                       int opt = 1;
+
+                       setsockopt (ph->fd, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_RECVHOPLIMIT,
+                                       &opt, sizeof (opt));
+               }
+#endif
+
                break;
        }
 
@@ -1043,18 +1432,35 @@ int ping_host_add (pingobj_t *obj, const char *host)
 
        if (ph->fd < 0)
        {
-               free (ph->hostname);
-               free (ph);
+               ping_free (ph);
                return (-1);
        }
 
-       ph->next  = obj->head;
-       obj->head = ph;
+       /*
+        * Adding in the front is much easier, but then the iterator will
+        * return the host that was added last as first host. That's just not
+        * nice. -octo
+        */
+       if (obj->head == NULL)
+       {
+               obj->head = ph;
+       }
+       else
+       {
+               pinghost_t *hptr;
+
+               hptr = obj->head;
+               while (hptr->next != NULL)
+                       hptr = hptr->next;
+
+               assert ((hptr != NULL) && (hptr->next == NULL));
+               hptr->next = ph;
+       }
 
        ping_set_ttl (ph, obj->ttl);
 
        return (0);
-}
+} /* int ping_host_add */
 
 int ping_host_remove (pingobj_t *obj, const char *host)
 {
@@ -1065,7 +1471,7 @@ int ping_host_remove (pingobj_t *obj, const char *host)
 
        while (cur != NULL)
        {
-               if (strcasecmp (host, cur->hostname))
+               if (strcasecmp (host, cur->username) == 0)
                        break;
 
                pre = cur;
@@ -1083,9 +1489,6 @@ int ping_host_remove (pingobj_t *obj, const char *host)
        else
                pre->next = cur->next;
        
-       if (cur->fd >= 0)
-               close (cur->fd);
-
        ping_free (cur);
 
        return (0);
@@ -1110,14 +1513,26 @@ int ping_iterator_get_info (pingobj_iter_t *iter, int info,
 
        switch (info)
        {
-               case PING_INFO_HOSTNAME:
+               case PING_INFO_USERNAME:
                        ret = ENOMEM;
-                       *buffer_len = strlen (iter->hostname);
+                       *buffer_len = strlen (iter->username) + 1;
                        if (orig_buffer_len <= *buffer_len)
                                break;
                        /* Since (orig_buffer_len > *buffer_len) `strncpy'
                         * will copy `*buffer_len' and pad the rest of
                         * `buffer' with null-bytes */
+                       strncpy (buffer, iter->username, orig_buffer_len);
+                       ret = 0;
+                       break;
+
+               case PING_INFO_HOSTNAME:
+                       ret = ENOMEM;
+                       *buffer_len = strlen (iter->hostname) + 1;
+                       if (orig_buffer_len < *buffer_len)
+                               break;
+                       /* Since (orig_buffer_len > *buffer_len) `strncpy'
+                        * will copy `*buffer_len' and pad the rest of
+                        * `buffer' with null-bytes */
                        strncpy (buffer, iter->hostname, orig_buffer_len);
                        ret = 0;
                        break;
@@ -1137,9 +1552,10 @@ int ping_iterator_get_info (pingobj_iter_t *iter, int info,
 #endif
                                   )
                                        ret = ENOMEM;
+#if defined(EAI_SYSTEM)
                                else if (ret == EAI_SYSTEM)
-                                       /* XXX: Not thread-safe! */
                                        ret = errno;
+#endif
                                else
                                        ret = EINVAL;
                        }
@@ -1163,6 +1579,15 @@ int ping_iterator_get_info (pingobj_iter_t *iter, int info,
                        ret = 0;
                        break;
 
+               case PING_INFO_DROPPED:
+                       ret = ENOMEM;
+                       *buffer_len = sizeof (uint32_t);
+                       if (orig_buffer_len < sizeof (uint32_t))
+                               break;
+                       *((uint32_t *) buffer) = iter->dropped;
+                       ret = 0;
+                       break;
+
                case PING_INFO_SEQUENCE:
                        ret = ENOMEM;
                        *buffer_len = sizeof (unsigned int);
@@ -1189,10 +1614,19 @@ int ping_iterator_get_info (pingobj_iter_t *iter, int info,
                        strncpy ((char *) buffer, iter->data, orig_buffer_len);
                        ret = 0;
                        break;
+
+               case PING_INFO_RECV_TTL:
+                       ret = ENOMEM;
+                       *buffer_len = sizeof (int);
+                       if (orig_buffer_len < sizeof (int))
+                               break;
+                       *((int *) buffer) = iter->recv_ttl;
+                       ret = 0;
+                       break;
        }
 
        return (ret);
-}
+} /* ping_iterator_get_info */
 
 void *ping_iterator_get_context (pingobj_iter_t *iter)
 {