VDEF and VRULE are comig along -- Alex van den Bogaerdt <alex@slot.hollandcasino.nl>
[rrdtool.git] / src / rrd_graph.c
index 019f499..2d82b78 100644 (file)
@@ -36,10 +36,26 @@ enum grc_en {GRC_CANVAS=0,GRC_BACK,GRC_SHADEA,GRC_SHADEB,
 
 
 enum gf_en {GF_PRINT=0,GF_GPRINT,GF_COMMENT,GF_HRULE,GF_VRULE,GF_LINE1,
-           GF_LINE2,GF_LINE3,GF_AREA,GF_STACK,GF_TICK,GF_DEF, GF_CDEF};
+           GF_LINE2,GF_LINE3,GF_AREA,GF_STACK,GF_TICK,
+           GF_DEF, GF_CDEF, GF_VDEF};
 
 enum if_en {IF_GIF=0,IF_PNG=1};
 
+enum vdef_op_en {
+                VDEF_MAXIMUM   /* like the MAX in (G)PRINT */
+               ,VDEF_MINIMUM   /* like the MIN in (G)PRINT */
+               ,VDEF_AVERAGE   /* like the AVERAGE in (G)PRINT */
+               ,VDEF_PERCENT   /* Nth percentile */
+               ,VDEF_FIRST     /* first non-unknown value and time */
+               ,VDEF_LAST      /* last  non-unknown value and time */
+               };
+typedef struct vdef_t {
+    enum vdef_op_en    op;
+    double             param;  /* parameter for function, if applicable */
+    double             val;    /* resulting value */
+    time_t             when;   /* timestamp, if applicable */
+} vdef_t;
+
 typedef struct col_trip_t {
     int red; /* red = -1 is no color */
     int green;
@@ -149,8 +165,9 @@ typedef  struct graph_desc_t {
     char           format[FMT_LEG_LEN+5]; /* format for PRINT AND GPRINT */
     char           legend[FMT_LEG_LEN+5]; /* legend*/
     gdPoint        legloc;     /* location of legend */   
-    double         yrule;      /* value for y rule line */
-    time_t         xrule;      /* value for x rule line */
+    double         yrule;      /* value for y rule line and for VDEF */
+    time_t         xrule;      /* time for x rule line and for VDEF */
+    vdef_t         vf;         /* instruction for VDEF function */
     rpnp_t         *rpnp;     /* instructions for CDEF function */
 
     /* description of data fetched for the graph element */
@@ -251,6 +268,9 @@ int gdes_alloc(image_desc_t *);
 int scan_for_col(char *, int, char *);
 int rrd_graph(int, char **, char ***, int *, int *);
 int bad_format(char *);
+int vdef_parse(struct graph_desc_t *,char *);
+int vdef_calc(image_desc_t *, int);
+int vdef_percent_compar(const void *,const void *);
 
 /* translate time values into x coordinates */   
 /*#define xtr(x) (int)((double)im->xorigin \
@@ -331,6 +351,7 @@ enum gf_en gf_conv(char *string){
        conv_if(TICK,GF_TICK)
     conv_if(DEF,GF_DEF)
     conv_if(CDEF,GF_CDEF)
+    conv_if(VDEF,GF_VDEF)
     
     return (-1);
 }
@@ -816,6 +837,7 @@ find_var(image_desc_t *im, char *key){
     long ii;
     for(ii=0;ii<im->gdes_c-1;ii++){
        if((im->gdes[ii].gf == GF_DEF 
+           || im->gdes[ii].gf == GF_VDEF
            || im->gdes[ii].gf == GF_CDEF) 
           && (strcmp(im->gdes[ii].vname,key) == 0)){
            return ii; 
@@ -841,7 +863,7 @@ lcd(long *num){
       return num[i];
 }
 
-/* run the rpn calculator on all the CDEF arguments */
+/* run the rpn calculator on all the VDEF and CDEF arguments */
 int
 data_calc( image_desc_t *im){
 
@@ -850,106 +872,150 @@ data_calc( image_desc_t *im){
     long      *steparray, rpi;
     int       stepcnt;
     time_t    now;
-       rpnstack_t rpnstack;
+    rpnstack_t rpnstack;
 
-       rpnstack_init(&rpnstack);
+    rpnstack_init(&rpnstack);
 
     for (gdi=0;gdi<im->gdes_c;gdi++){
-       /* only GF_CDEF elements are of interest */
-       if (im->gdes[gdi].gf != GF_CDEF) 
-           continue;
-       im->gdes[gdi].ds_cnt = 1;
-       im->gdes[gdi].ds = 0;
-       im->gdes[gdi].data_first = 1;
-       im->gdes[gdi].start = 0;
-       im->gdes[gdi].end = 0;
-       steparray=NULL;
-       stepcnt = 0;
-       dataidx=-1;
-
-       /* find the variables in the expression. And calc the lowest
-          common denominator of all step sizes of the data sources involved.
-          this will be the step size for the cdef created data source*/
-
-       for(rpi=0;im->gdes[gdi].rpnp[rpi].op != OP_END;rpi++){
-           if(im->gdes[gdi].rpnp[rpi].op == OP_VARIABLE){
-               long ptr = im->gdes[gdi].rpnp[rpi].ptr;
-               if ((steparray = rrd_realloc(steparray, (++stepcnt+1)*sizeof(*steparray)))==NULL){
-                 rrd_set_error("realloc steparray");
-                 rpnstack_free(&rpnstack);
-                 return -1;
-               };
-       
-
-               steparray[stepcnt-1] = im->gdes[ptr].step;
-
-               /* adjust start and end of cdef (gdi) so that it runs from
-                  the latest start point to the earliest endpoint of any of the
-                  rras involved (ptr) */
-
-               if(im->gdes[gdi].start < im->gdes[ptr].start)
-                   im->gdes[gdi].start = im->gdes[ptr].start;
-
-               if(im->gdes[gdi].end == 0 
-                  || im->gdes[gdi].end > im->gdes[ptr].end)
-                   im->gdes[gdi].end = im->gdes[ptr].end;
+       /* Look for GF_VDEF and GF_CDEF in the same loop,
+        * so CDEFs can use VDEFs and vice versa
+        */
+       switch (im->gdes[gdi].gf) {
+           case GF_VDEF:
+               /* A VDEF has no DS.  This also signals other parts
+                * of rrdtool that this is a VDEF value, not a CDEF.
+                */
+               im->gdes[gdi].ds_cnt = 0;
+               if (vdef_calc(im,gdi)) {
+                   rrd_set_error("Error processing VDEF '%s'"
+                       ,im->gdes[gdi].vname
+                       );
+                   rpnstack_free(&rpnstack);
+                   return -1;
+               }
+               break;
+           case GF_CDEF:
+               im->gdes[gdi].ds_cnt = 1;
+               im->gdes[gdi].ds = 0;
+               im->gdes[gdi].data_first = 1;
+               im->gdes[gdi].start = 0;
+               im->gdes[gdi].end = 0;
+               steparray=NULL;
+               stepcnt = 0;
+               dataidx=-1;
+
+               /* Find the variables in the expression.
+                * - VDEF variables are substituted by their values
+                *   and the opcode is changed into OP_NUMBER.
+******************
+* Note to Jake: I cannot oversee the implications for your
+* COMPUTE DS stuff.  Please check if VDEF and COMPUTE are
+* compatible (or can be made so).
+******************
+                * - CDEF variables are analized for their step size,
+                *   the lowest common denominator of all the step
+                *   sizes of the data sources involved is calculated
+                *   and the resulting number is the step size for the
+                *   resulting data source.
+                */
+               for(rpi=0;im->gdes[gdi].rpnp[rpi].op != OP_END;rpi++){
+                   if(im->gdes[gdi].rpnp[rpi].op == OP_VARIABLE){
+                       long ptr = im->gdes[gdi].rpnp[rpi].ptr;
+                       if (im->gdes[ptr].ds_cnt == 0) {
+#if 0
+printf("DEBUG: inside CDEF '%s' processing VDEF '%s'\n",
+       im->gdes[gdi].vname,
+       im->gdes[ptr].vname);
+printf("DEBUG: value from vdef is %f\n",im->gdes[ptr].vf.val);
+#endif
+                           im->gdes[gdi].rpnp[rpi].val = im->gdes[ptr].vf.val;
+                           im->gdes[gdi].rpnp[rpi].op  = OP_NUMBER;
+                       } else {
+                           if ((steparray = rrd_realloc(steparray, (++stepcnt+1)*sizeof(*steparray)))==NULL){
+                               rrd_set_error("realloc steparray");
+                               rpnstack_free(&rpnstack);
+                               return -1;
+                           };
+
+                           steparray[stepcnt-1] = im->gdes[ptr].step;
+
+                           /* adjust start and end of cdef (gdi) so
+                            * that it runs from the latest start point
+                            * to the earliest endpoint of any of the
+                            * rras involved (ptr)
+                            */
+                           if(im->gdes[gdi].start < im->gdes[ptr].start)
+                               im->gdes[gdi].start = im->gdes[ptr].start;
+
+                           if(im->gdes[gdi].end == 0 ||
+                                       im->gdes[gdi].end > im->gdes[ptr].end)
+                               im->gdes[gdi].end = im->gdes[ptr].end;
                
-               /* store pointer to the first element of the rra providing
-                  data for variable, further save step size and data source count
-                  of this rra*/ 
-               im->gdes[gdi].rpnp[rpi].data = 
-                   im->gdes[ptr].data + im->gdes[ptr].ds; 
-               im->gdes[gdi].rpnp[rpi].step = im->gdes[ptr].step;
-               im->gdes[gdi].rpnp[rpi].ds_cnt = im->gdes[ptr].ds_cnt;
-               /* backoff the *.data ptr; this is done so rpncalc() function
-                * doesn't have to treat the first case differently */
-               im->gdes[gdi].rpnp[rpi].data -= im->gdes[ptr].ds_cnt;
-           }
-
-       }
-       if(steparray == NULL){
-           rrd_set_error("rpn expressions without variables are not supported");
-               rpnstack_free(&rpnstack);
-           return -1;    
-       }
-       steparray[stepcnt]=0;
-       /* now find the step for the result of the cdef. so that we land on
-          each step in all of the variables rras */
-
-       im->gdes[gdi].step = lcd(steparray);
-       
-       
-       free(steparray);
-
-       if((im->gdes[gdi].data = malloc(((im->gdes[gdi].end
-                                    -im->gdes[gdi].start) 
+                           /* store pointer to the first element of
+                            * the rra providing data for variable,
+                            * further save step size and data source
+                            * count of this rra
+                            */ 
+                           im->gdes[gdi].rpnp[rpi].data = 
+                                       im->gdes[ptr].data + im->gdes[ptr].ds; 
+                           im->gdes[gdi].rpnp[rpi].step = im->gdes[ptr].step;
+                           im->gdes[gdi].rpnp[rpi].ds_cnt = im->gdes[ptr].ds_cnt;
+
+                           /* backoff the *.data ptr; this is done so
+                            * rpncalc() function doesn't have to treat
+                            * the first case differently
+                            */
+                           im->gdes[gdi].rpnp[rpi].data-=im->gdes[ptr].ds_cnt;
+                       } /* if ds_cnt != 0 */
+                   } /* if OP_VARIABLE */
+               } /* loop through all rpi */
+
+               if(steparray == NULL){
+                   rrd_set_error("rpn expressions without DEF"
+                               " or CDEF variables are not supported");
+                   rpnstack_free(&rpnstack);
+                   return -1;    
+               }
+               steparray[stepcnt]=0;
+               /* Now find the resulting step.  All steps in all
+                * used RRAs have to be visited
+                */
+               im->gdes[gdi].step = lcd(steparray);
+               free(steparray);
+               if((im->gdes[gdi].data = malloc((
+                               (im->gdes[gdi].end-im->gdes[gdi].start) 
                                    / im->gdes[gdi].step +1)
                                    * sizeof(double)))==NULL){
-           rrd_set_error("malloc im->gdes[gdi].data");
-               rpnstack_free(&rpnstack);
-           return -1;
-       }
+                   rrd_set_error("malloc im->gdes[gdi].data");
+                   rpnstack_free(&rpnstack);
+                   return -1;
+               }
        
-       /* step through the new cdef results array and calculate the values */
-       for (now = im->gdes[gdi].start;
-            now<=im->gdes[gdi].end;
-            now += im->gdes[gdi].step){
-               rpnp_t      *rpnp = im -> gdes[gdi].rpnp;
-
-               /* 3rd arg of rpn_calc is for OP_VARIABLE lookups;
-                * in this case we are advancing by timesteps;
-                * we use the fact that time_t is a synonym for long
+               /* Step through the new cdef results array and
+                * calculate the values
                 */
-               if (rpn_calc(rpnp,&rpnstack,(long) now, 
-                       im->gdes[gdi].data,++dataidx) == -1) 
+               for (now = im->gdes[gdi].start;
+                               now<=im->gdes[gdi].end;
+                               now += im->gdes[gdi].step)
                {
-                  /* rpn_calc sets the error string */
-                  rpnstack_free(&rpnstack); 
-                  return -1;
-               } 
-
-    } /* enumerate over time steps within a CDEF */
-       } /* enumerate over CDEFs */
+                   rpnp_t  *rpnp = im -> gdes[gdi].rpnp;
+
+                   /* 3rd arg of rpn_calc is for OP_VARIABLE lookups;
+                    * in this case we are advancing by timesteps;
+                    * we use the fact that time_t is a synonym for long
+                    */
+                   if (rpn_calc(rpnp,&rpnstack,(long) now, 
+                               im->gdes[gdi].data,++dataidx) == -1) {
+                       /* rpn_calc sets the error string */
+                       rpnstack_free(&rpnstack); 
+                       return -1;
+                   } 
+               } /* enumerate over time steps within a CDEF */
+               break;
+           default:
+               continue;
+       }
+    } /* enumerate over CDEFs */
     rpnstack_free(&rpnstack);
     return 0;
 }
@@ -1033,6 +1099,7 @@ data_proc( image_desc_t *im ){
            case GF_VRULE:
            case GF_DEF:               
            case GF_CDEF:
+           case GF_VDEF:
                break;
            }
        }
@@ -1337,6 +1404,7 @@ print_calc(image_desc_t *im, char ***prdata)
            break;
        case GF_DEF:
        case GF_CDEF:       
+       case GF_VDEF:       
            break;
        }
     }
@@ -2064,7 +2132,7 @@ graph_paint(image_desc_t *im, char ***calcpr)
     if(data_fetch(im)==-1)
        return -1;
 
-    /* evaluate CDEF  operations ... */
+    /* evaluate VDEF and CDEF operations ... */
     if(data_calc(im)==-1)
        return -1;
 
@@ -2178,6 +2246,7 @@ graph_paint(image_desc_t *im, char ***calcpr)
         
        switch(im->gdes[i].gf){
        case GF_CDEF:
+       case GF_VDEF:
        case GF_DEF:
        case GF_PRINT:
        case GF_GPRINT:
@@ -2277,6 +2346,9 @@ graph_paint(image_desc_t *im, char ***calcpr)
         
        switch(im->gdes[i].gf){
        case GF_HRULE:
+           if(isnan(im->gdes[i].yrule)) { /* fetch variable */
+               im->gdes[i].yrule = im->gdes[im->gdes[i].vidx].vf.val;
+           };
            if(im->gdes[i].yrule >= im->minval
               && im->gdes[i].yrule <= im->maxval)
              gdImageLine(gif,
@@ -2285,13 +2357,16 @@ graph_paint(image_desc_t *im, char ***calcpr)
                          im->gdes[i].col.i); 
            break;
        case GF_VRULE:
-         if(im->gdes[i].xrule >= im->start
-            && im->gdes[i].xrule <= im->end)
-           gdImageLine(gif,
+           if(im->gdes[i].xrule == 0) { /* fetch variable */
+               im->gdes[i].xrule = im->gdes[im->gdes[i].vidx].vf.when;
+           };
+           if(im->gdes[i].xrule >= im->start
+                       && im->gdes[i].xrule <= im->end)
+               gdImageLine(gif,
                        xtr(im,im->gdes[i].xrule),im->yorigin,
                        xtr(im,im->gdes[i].xrule),im->yorigin-im->ysize,
                        im->gdes[i].col.i); 
-         break;
+           break;
        default:
            break;
        }
@@ -2766,26 +2841,63 @@ rrd_graph(int argc, char **argv, char ***prdata, int *xsize, int *ysize)
            } 
            break;
        case GF_VRULE:
-           if(sscanf(
-               &argv[i][argstart],
-               "%lu#%2x%2x%2x:%n",
-               &im.gdes[im.gdes_c-1].xrule,
-               &col_red,
-               &col_green,
-               &col_blue,
-               &strstart) >=  4){
-               im.gdes[im.gdes_c-1].col.red = col_red;
-               im.gdes[im.gdes_c-1].col.green = col_green;
-               im.gdes[im.gdes_c-1].col.blue = col_blue;
-               if(strstart <= 0){                    
-                   im.gdes[im.gdes_c-1].legend[0] = '\0';
-               } else { 
-                   scan_for_col(&argv[i][argstart+strstart],FMT_LEG_LEN,im.gdes[im.gdes_c-1].legend);
-               }
+           /* scan for either "VRULE:vname#..." or "VRULE:num#..."
+            *
+            * If a vname is used, the value 0 is set; this is catched
+            * when graphing.  Setting value 0 from the script is not
+            * permitted
+            */
+           strstart=0;
+           sscanf(&argv[i][argstart], DEF_NAM_FMT "#%n"
+               ,varname
+               ,&strstart
+               );
+           if (strstart==0) {
+               sscanf(&argv[i][argstart], "%lu#%n"
+                   ,(long unsigned int *)&im.gdes[im.gdes_c-1].xrule
+                   ,&strstart
+               );
+               if (im.gdes[im.gdes_c-1].xrule==0)
+                   strstart=0;
            } else {
+               im.gdes[im.gdes_c-1].xrule = 0; /* signal use of vname */
+               if((im.gdes[im.gdes_c-1].vidx=find_var(&im,varname))==-1){
+                   im_free(&im);
+                   rrd_set_error("unknown variable '%s' in VRULE",varname);
+                   return -1;
+               }               
+               if(im.gdes[im.gdes[im.gdes_c-1].vidx].gf != GF_VDEF) {
+                   im_free(&im);
+                   rrd_set_error("Only VDEF is allowed in VRULE",varname);
+                   return -1;
+               }
+           };
+           if (strstart==0) {
                im_free(&im);
                rrd_set_error("can't parse '%s'",&argv[i][argstart]);
                return -1;
+           } else {
+               int n=0;
+               if(sscanf(
+                       &argv[i][argstart+strstart],
+                       "%2x%2x%2x:%n",
+                       &col_red,
+                       &col_green,
+                       &col_blue,
+                       &n)>=3) {
+                   im.gdes[im.gdes_c-1].col.red = col_red;
+                   im.gdes[im.gdes_c-1].col.green = col_green;
+                   im.gdes[im.gdes_c-1].col.blue = col_blue;
+                   if (n==0) {
+                       im.gdes[im.gdes_c-1].legend[0] = '\0';
+                   } else {
+                       scan_for_col(&argv[i][argstart+strstart+n],FMT_LEG_LEN,im.gdes[im.gdes_c-1].legend);
+                   }
+               } else {
+                   im_free(&im);
+                   rrd_set_error("can't parse '%s'",&argv[i][argstart]);
+                   return -1;
+               }
            }
            break;
        case GF_TICK:
@@ -2886,7 +2998,7 @@ rrd_graph(int argc, char **argv, char ***prdata, int *xsize, int *ysize)
                rrd_set_error("can't parse CDEF '%s'",&argv[i][argstart]);
                return -1;
            }
-           /* checking for duplicate DEF CDEFS */
+           /* checking for duplicate variable names */
            if(find_var(&im,im.gdes[im.gdes_c-1].vname) != -1){
                im_free(&im);
                rrd_set_error("duplicate variable '%s'",
@@ -2901,6 +3013,64 @@ rrd_graph(int argc, char **argv, char ***prdata, int *xsize, int *ysize)
            }
            free(rpnex);
            break;
+       case GF_VDEF:
+           /*
+            * strstart is set to zero and will NOT be changed
+            * if the comma is not matched.  This means that it
+            * remains zero. Although strstart is initialized to
+            * zero at the beginning of this loop, we do it again
+            * here just in case someone changes the code...
+            *
+            * According to the docs we cannot rely on the
+            * returned value from sscanf; it can be 2 or 3,
+            * depending on %n incrementing it or not.
+            */
+           strstart=0;
+           sscanf(
+                   &argv[i][argstart],
+                   DEF_NAM_FMT "=" DEF_NAM_FMT ",%n",
+                   im.gdes[im.gdes_c-1].vname,
+                   varname,
+                   &strstart);
+           if (strstart){
+               /* checking both variable names */
+               if (find_var(&im,im.gdes[im.gdes_c-1].vname) != -1){
+                   im_free(&im);
+                   rrd_set_error("duplicate variable '%s'",
+                               im.gdes[im.gdes_c-1].vname);
+                   return -1; 
+               } else {
+                   if ((im.gdes[im.gdes_c-1].vidx=find_var(&im,varname)) == -1){
+                       im_free(&im);
+                       rrd_set_error("variable '%s' not known in VDEF '%s'",
+                               varname,
+                               im.gdes[im.gdes_c-1].vname);
+                       return -1; 
+                   } else {
+                       if(im.gdes[im.gdes[im.gdes_c-1].vidx].gf != GF_DEF
+                       && im.gdes[im.gdes[im.gdes_c-1].vidx].gf != GF_CDEF){
+                           rrd_set_error("variable '%s' not DEF nor CDEF in VDEF '%s'",
+                               varname,
+                               im.gdes[im.gdes_c-1].vname);
+                           im_free(&im);
+                           return -1; 
+                       }
+                   }
+                   /* parsed upto and including the first comma. Now
+                    * see what function is requested.  This function
+                    * sets the error string.
+                    */
+                   if (vdef_parse(&im.gdes[im.gdes_c-1],&argv[i][argstart+strstart])<0) {
+                       im_free(&im);
+                       return -1;
+                   };
+               }
+           } else {
+               im_free(&im);
+               rrd_set_error("can't parse VDEF '%s'",&argv[i][argstart]);
+               return -1;
+           }
+           break;
        case GF_DEF:
            if (sscanf(
                &argv[i][argstart],
@@ -3007,4 +3177,248 @@ int bad_format(char *fmt) {
        }
        return 0;
 }
+int
+vdef_parse(gdes,str)
+struct graph_desc_t *gdes;
+char *str;
+{
+    /* A VDEF currently is either "func" or "param,func"
+     * so the parsing is rather simple.  Change if needed.
+     */
+    double     param;
+    char       func[30];
+    int                n;
+    
+    n=0;
+    sscanf(str,"%le,%29[A-Z]%n",&param,func,&n);
+    if (n==strlen(str)) { /* matched */
+       ;
+    } else {
+       n=0;
+       sscanf(str,"%29[A-Z]%n",func,&n);
+       if (n==strlen(str)) { /* matched */
+           param=DNAN;
+       } else {
+           rrd_set_error("Unknown function string '%s' in VDEF '%s'"
+               ,str
+               ,gdes->vname
+               );
+           return -1;
+       }
+    }
+    if         (!strcmp("PERCENT",func)) gdes->vf.op = VDEF_PERCENT;
+    else if    (!strcmp("MAXIMUM",func)) gdes->vf.op = VDEF_MAXIMUM;
+    else if    (!strcmp("AVERAGE",func)) gdes->vf.op = VDEF_AVERAGE;
+    else if    (!strcmp("MINIMUM",func)) gdes->vf.op = VDEF_MINIMUM;
+    else if    (!strcmp("FIRST",  func)) gdes->vf.op = VDEF_FIRST;
+    else if    (!strcmp("LAST",   func)) gdes->vf.op = VDEF_LAST;
+    else {
+       rrd_set_error("Unknown function '%s' in VDEF '%s'\n"
+           ,func
+           ,gdes->vname
+           );
+       return -1;
+    };
+
+    switch (gdes->vf.op) {
+       case VDEF_PERCENT:
+           if (isnan(param)) { /* no parameter given */
+               rrd_set_error("Function '%s' needs parameter in VDEF '%s'\n"
+                   ,func
+                   ,gdes->vname
+                   );
+               return -1;
+           };
+           if (param>=0.0 && param<=100.0) {
+               gdes->vf.param = param;
+               gdes->vf.val   = DNAN;  /* undefined */
+               gdes->vf.when  = 0;     /* undefined */
+           } else {
+               rrd_set_error("Parameter '%f' out of range in VDEF '%s'\n"
+                   ,param
+                   ,gdes->vname
+                   );
+               return -1;
+           };
+           break;
+       case VDEF_MAXIMUM:
+       case VDEF_AVERAGE:
+       case VDEF_MINIMUM:
+       case VDEF_FIRST:
+       case VDEF_LAST:
+           if (isnan(param)) {
+               gdes->vf.param = DNAN;
+               gdes->vf.val   = DNAN;
+               gdes->vf.when  = 0;
+           } else {
+               rrd_set_error("Function '%s' needs no parameter in VDEF '%s'\n"
+                   ,func
+                   ,gdes->vname
+                   );
+               return -1;
+           };
+           break;
+    };
+    return 0;
+}
+int
+vdef_calc(im,gdi)
+image_desc_t *im;
+int gdi;
+{
+    graph_desc_t       *src,*dst;
+    rrd_value_t                *data;
+    long               step,steps;
+
+    dst = &im->gdes[gdi];
+    src = &im->gdes[dst->vidx];
+    data = src->data + src->ds + src->ds_cnt; /* skip first value! */
+    steps = (src->end - src->start) / src->step;
+
+#if 0
+printf("DEBUG: start == %lu, end == %lu, %lu steps\n"
+    ,src->start
+    ,src->end
+    ,steps
+    );
+#endif
+
+    switch (im->gdes[gdi].vf.op) {
+       case VDEF_PERCENT: {
+               rrd_value_t *   array;
+               int             field;
+
+
+               if ((array = malloc(steps*sizeof(double)))==NULL) {
+                   rrd_set_error("malloc VDEV_PERCENT");
+                   return -1;
+               }
+               for (step=0;step < steps; step++) {
+                   array[step]=data[step*src->ds_cnt];
+               }
+               qsort(array,step,sizeof(double),vdef_percent_compar);
+
+               field = (steps-1)*dst->vf.param/100;
+               dst->vf.val  = array[field];
+               dst->vf.when = 0;       /* no time component */
+#if 0
+for(step=0;step<steps;step++)
+printf("DEBUG: %3i:%10.2f %c\n",step,array[step],step==field?'*':' ');
+#endif
+           }
+           break;
+       case VDEF_MAXIMUM:
+           step=0;
+           while (step != steps && isnan(data[step*src->ds_cnt])) step++;
+           if (step == steps) {
+               dst->vf.val  = DNAN;
+               dst->vf.when = 0;
+           } else {
+               dst->vf.val  = data[steps*src->ds_cnt];
+               dst->vf.when = src->start + (step+1)*src->step;
+           }
+           while (step != steps) {
+               if (finite(data[step*src->ds_cnt])) {
+                   if (data[step*src->ds_cnt] > dst->vf.val) {
+                       dst->vf.val  = data[steps*src->ds_cnt];
+                       dst->vf.when = src->start + (step+1)*src->step;
+                   }
+               }
+               step++;
+           }
+           break;
+       case VDEF_AVERAGE: {
+           int cnt=0;
+           double sum=0.0;
+           for (step=0;step<steps;step++) {
+               if (finite(data[step*src->ds_cnt])) {
+                   sum += data[step*src->ds_cnt];
+                   cnt ++;
+               }
+               step++;
+           }
+           if (cnt) {
+               dst->vf.val  = sum/cnt;
+               dst->vf.when = 0;       /* no time component */
+           } else {
+               dst->vf.val  = DNAN;
+               dst->vf.when = 0;
+           }
+           }
+           break;
+       case VDEF_MINIMUM:
+           step=0;
+           while (step != steps && isnan(data[step*src->ds_cnt])) step++;
+           if (step == steps) {
+               dst->vf.val  = DNAN;
+               dst->vf.when = 0;
+           } else {
+               dst->vf.val  = data[steps*src->ds_cnt];
+               dst->vf.when = src->start + (step+1)*src->step;
+           }
+           while (step != steps) {
+               if (finite(data[step*src->ds_cnt])) {
+                   if (data[step*src->ds_cnt] < dst->vf.val) {
+                       dst->vf.val  = data[steps*src->ds_cnt];
+                       dst->vf.when = src->start + (step+1)*src->step;
+                   }
+               }
+               step++;
+           }
+           break;
+       case VDEF_FIRST:
+           /* The time value returned here is one step before the
+            * actual time value.  This is the start of the first
+            * non-NaN interval.
+            */
+           step=0;
+           while (step != steps && isnan(data[step*src->ds_cnt])) step++;
+           if (step == steps) { /* all entries were NaN */
+               dst->vf.val  = DNAN;
+               dst->vf.when = 0;
+           } else {
+               dst->vf.val  = data[step*src->ds_cnt];
+               dst->vf.when = src->start + step*src->step;
+           }
+           break;
+       case VDEF_LAST:
+           /* The time value returned here is the
+            * actual time value.  This is the end of the last
+            * non-NaN interval.
+            */
+           step=steps-1;
+           while (step >= 0 && isnan(data[step*src->ds_cnt])) step--;
+           if (step < 0) { /* all entries were NaN */
+               dst->vf.val  = DNAN;
+               dst->vf.when = 0;
+           } else {
+               dst->vf.val  = data[step*src->ds_cnt];
+               dst->vf.when = src->start + (step+1)*src->step;
+           }
+           break;
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+/* NaN <= -INF <= finite_values <= INF */
+int
+vdef_percent_compar(a,b)
+const void *a,*b;
+{
+    /* Equality is not returned; this doesn't hurt except
+     * (maybe) for a little performance.
+     */
 
+    /* First catch NaN values. They are smallest */
+    if (isnan( *(double *)a )) return -1;
+    if (isnan( *(double *)b )) return  1;
+
+    /* NaN doestn't reach this part so INF and -INF are extremes.
+     * The sign from isinf() is compatible with the sign we return
+     */
+    if (isinf( *(double *)a )) return isinf( *(double *)a );
+    if (isinf( *(double *)b )) return isinf( *(double *)b );
+
+    /* If we reach this, both values must be finite */
+    if ( *(double *)a < *(double *)b ) return -1; else return 1;
+}