Turbostat: simplify RAPL config and collection
[collectd.git] / src / turbostat.c
index cc0be20..ec8757e 100644 (file)
  */
 #define _GNU_SOURCE
 
+#include "collectd.h"
+#include "common.h"
+#include "plugin.h"
+#include "utils_time.h"
+
 #include <asm/msr-index.h>
 #include <stdarg.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <sys/resource.h>
 #include <fcntl.h>
 #include <signal.h>
-#include <sys/time.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <dirent.h>
 #include <string.h>
 #include <ctype.h>
 #include <sched.h>
 #include <cpuid.h>
-
-#include "collectd.h"
-#include "common.h"
-#include "plugin.h"
+#include <sys/capability.h>
 
 #define PLUGIN_NAME "turbostat"
 
@@ -88,6 +89,11 @@ static unsigned int do_core_cstate;
 static unsigned int do_pkg_cstate;
 
 /*
+ * Boolean indicating if the processor supports 'I/O System-Management Interrupt counter'
+ */
+static _Bool do_smi;
+
+/*
  * Boolean indicating if the processor supports 'Digital temperature sensor'
  * This feature enables the monitoring of the temperature of each core
  *
@@ -120,35 +126,24 @@ static double rapl_energy_units;
 #define RAPL_PKG               (1 << 0)
                                        /* 0x610 MSR_PKG_POWER_LIMIT */
                                        /* 0x611 MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STATUS */
-#define RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS   (1 << 1)
-                                       /* 0x613 MSR_PKG_PERF_STATUS */
-#define RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO    (1 << 2)
-                                       /* 0x614 MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO */
-
-#define RAPL_DRAM              (1 << 3)
+#define RAPL_DRAM              (1 << 1)
                                        /* 0x618 MSR_DRAM_POWER_LIMIT */
                                        /* 0x619 MSR_DRAM_ENERGY_STATUS */
                                        /* 0x61c MSR_DRAM_POWER_INFO */
-#define RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS  (1 << 4)
-                                       /* 0x61b MSR_DRAM_PERF_STATUS */
-
-#define RAPL_CORES             (1 << 5)
+#define RAPL_CORES             (1 << 2)
                                        /* 0x638 MSR_PP0_POWER_LIMIT */
                                        /* 0x639 MSR_PP0_ENERGY_STATUS */
-#define RAPL_CORE_POLICY       (1 << 6)
-                                       /* 0x63a MSR_PP0_POLICY */
-
 
-#define RAPL_GFX               (1 << 7)
+#define RAPL_GFX               (1 << 3)
                                        /* 0x640 MSR_PP1_POWER_LIMIT */
                                        /* 0x641 MSR_PP1_ENERGY_STATUS */
                                        /* 0x642 MSR_PP1_POLICY */
 #define        TJMAX_DEFAULT   100
 
-cpu_set_t *cpu_present_set, *cpu_affinity_set, *cpu_saved_affinity_set;
-size_t cpu_present_setsize, cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_saved_affinity_setsize;
+static cpu_set_t *cpu_present_set, *cpu_affinity_set, *cpu_saved_affinity_set;
+static size_t cpu_present_setsize, cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_saved_affinity_setsize;
 
-struct thread_data {
+static struct thread_data {
        unsigned long long tsc;
        unsigned long long aperf;
        unsigned long long mperf;
@@ -160,7 +155,7 @@ struct thread_data {
 #define CPU_IS_FIRST_CORE_IN_PACKAGE   0x4
 } *thread_delta, *thread_even, *thread_odd;
 
-struct core_data {
+static struct core_data {
        unsigned long long c3;
        unsigned long long c6;
        unsigned long long c7;
@@ -168,7 +163,7 @@ struct core_data {
        unsigned int core_id;
 } *core_delta, *core_even, *core_odd;
 
-struct pkg_data {
+static struct pkg_data {
        unsigned long long pc2;
        unsigned long long pc3;
        unsigned long long pc6;
@@ -181,8 +176,6 @@ struct pkg_data {
        unsigned int energy_dram;       /* MSR_DRAM_ENERGY_STATUS */
        unsigned int energy_cores;      /* MSR_PP0_ENERGY_STATUS */
        unsigned int energy_gfx;        /* MSR_PP1_ENERGY_STATUS */
-       unsigned int rapl_pkg_perf_status;      /* MSR_PKG_PERF_STATUS */
-       unsigned int rapl_dram_perf_status;     /* MSR_DRAM_PERF_STATUS */
        unsigned int tcc_activation_temp;
        unsigned int pkg_temp_c;
 } *package_delta, *package_even, *package_odd;
@@ -213,7 +206,7 @@ struct cpu_topology {
        _Bool first_thread_in_core;
 };
 
-struct topology {
+static struct topology {
        int max_cpu_id;
        int num_packages;
        int num_cores;
@@ -221,49 +214,13 @@ struct topology {
        struct cpu_topology *cpus;
 } topology;
 
-struct timeval tv_even, tv_odd, tv_delta;
-
-enum return_values {
-       OK = 0,
-       ERR_CPU_MIGRATE,
-       ERR_CPU_SAVE_SCHED_AFFINITY,
-       ERR_MSR_IA32_APERF,
-       ERR_MSR_IA32_MPERF,
-       ERR_MSR_SMI_COUNT,
-       ERR_MSR_CORE_C3_RESIDENCY,
-       ERR_MSR_CORE_C6_RESIDENCY,
-       ERR_MSR_CORE_C7_RESIDENCY,
-       ERR_MSR_IA32_THERM_STATUS,
-       ERR_MSR_PKG_C3_RESIDENCY,
-       ERR_MSR_PKG_C6_RESIDENCY,
-       ERR_MSR_PKG_C2_RESIDENCY,
-       ERR_MSR_PKG_C7_RESIDENCY,
-       ERR_MSR_PKG_C8_RESIDENCY,
-       ERR_MSR_PKG_C9_RESIDENCY,
-       ERR_MSR_PKG_C10_RESIDENCY,
-       ERR_MSR_PKG_ENERGY_STATUS,
-       ERR_MSR_PKG_POWER_INFO,
-       ERR_MSR_PP0_ENERGY_STATUS,
-       ERR_MSR_DRAM_ENERGY_STATUS,
-       ERR_MSR_PP1_ENERGY_STATUS,
-       ERR_MSR_PKG_PERF_STATUS,
-       ERR_MSR_DRAM_PERF_STATUS,
-       ERR_MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_STATUS,
-       ERR_MSR_IA32_TSC,
-       ERR_CPU_NOT_PRESENT,
-       ERR_NO_MSR,
-       ERR_CANT_OPEN_MSR,
-       ERR_CANT_OPEN_FILE,
-       ERR_CANT_READ_NUMBER,
-       ERR_CANT_READ_PROC_STAT,
-       ERR_NO_INVARIANT_TSC,
-       ERR_NO_APERF,
-       ERR_CALLOC,
-       ERR_CPU_ALLOC,
-       ERR_NOT_ROOT,
-       UNSUPPORTED_CPU,
-};
+static cdtime_t time_even, time_odd, time_delta;
 
+static const char *config_keys[] =
+{
+       "TCCActivationTemp",
+};
+static const int config_keys_num = STATIC_ARRAY_SIZE (config_keys);
 
 /*****************************
  *  MSR Manipulation helpers *
@@ -291,14 +248,16 @@ open_msr(int cpu, _Bool multiple_read)
                CPU_SET_S(cpu, cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set);
                if (sched_setaffinity(0, cpu_affinity_setsize, cpu_affinity_set) == -1) {
                        ERROR("Turbostat plugin: Could not migrate to CPU %d", cpu);
-                       return -ERR_CPU_MIGRATE;
+                       return -1;
                }
        }
 
        ssnprintf(pathname, sizeof(pathname), "/dev/cpu/%d/msr", cpu);
        fd = open(pathname, O_RDONLY);
-       if (fd < 0)
-               return -ERR_CANT_OPEN_MSR;
+       if (fd < 0) {
+               ERROR("Turbostat plugin: failed to open %s", pathname);
+               return -1;
+       }
        return fd;
 }
 
@@ -363,12 +322,13 @@ get_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
        if (msr_fd < 0)
                return msr_fd;
 
-#define READ_MSR(msr, dst)                     \
-do {                                           \
-       if (read_msr(msr_fd, msr, dst)) {       \
-               retval = -ERR_##msr;            \
-               goto out;                       \
-       }                                       \
+#define READ_MSR(msr, dst)                                             \
+do {                                                                   \
+       if (read_msr(msr_fd, msr, dst)) {                               \
+               ERROR("Turbostat plugin: Unable to read " #msr);        \
+               retval = -1;                                            \
+               goto out;                                               \
+       }                                                               \
 } while (0)
 
        READ_MSR(MSR_IA32_TSC, &t->tsc);
@@ -376,8 +336,10 @@ do {                                               \
        READ_MSR(MSR_IA32_APERF, &t->aperf);
        READ_MSR(MSR_IA32_MPERF, &t->mperf);
 
-       READ_MSR(MSR_SMI_COUNT, &msr);
-       t->smi_count = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
+       if (do_smi) {
+               READ_MSR(MSR_SMI_COUNT, &msr);
+               t->smi_count = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
+       }
 
        /* collect core counters only for 1st thread in core */
        if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE)) {
@@ -434,14 +396,6 @@ do {                                               \
                READ_MSR(MSR_PP1_ENERGY_STATUS, &msr);
                p->energy_gfx = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
        }
-       if (do_rapl & RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS) {
-               READ_MSR(MSR_PKG_PERF_STATUS, &msr);
-               p->rapl_pkg_perf_status = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
-       }
-       if (do_rapl & RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS) {
-               READ_MSR(MSR_DRAM_PERF_STATUS, &msr);
-               p->rapl_dram_perf_status = msr & 0xFFFFFFFF;
-       }
        if (do_ptm) {
                READ_MSR(MSR_IA32_PACKAGE_THERM_STATUS, &msr);
                p->pkg_temp_c = p->tcc_activation_temp - ((msr >> 16) & 0x7F);
@@ -487,8 +441,6 @@ delta_package(struct pkg_data *delta, const struct pkg_data *new, const struct p
        DELTA_WRAP32(delta->energy_cores, new->energy_cores, old->energy_cores);
        DELTA_WRAP32(delta->energy_gfx, new->energy_gfx, old->energy_gfx);
        DELTA_WRAP32(delta->energy_dram, new->energy_dram, old->energy_dram);
-       DELTA_WRAP32(delta->rapl_pkg_perf_status, new->rapl_pkg_perf_status, old->rapl_pkg_perf_status);
-       DELTA_WRAP32(delta->rapl_dram_perf_status, new->rapl_dram_perf_status, old->rapl_dram_perf_status);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -557,7 +509,8 @@ delta_thread(struct thread_data *delta, const struct thread_data *new, const str
                delta->mperf = 1;       /* divide by 0 protection */
        }
 
-       delta->smi_count = new->smi_count - old->smi_count;
+       if (do_smi)
+               delta->smi_count = new->smi_count - old->smi_count;
 
        return 0;
 }
@@ -600,10 +553,10 @@ turbostat_submit (const char *plugin_instance,
 static int
 submit_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
 {
-       char name[12];
+       char name[DATA_MAX_NAME_LEN];
        double interval_float;
 
-       interval_float = tv_delta.tv_sec + tv_delta.tv_usec/1000000.0;
+       interval_float = CDTIME_T_TO_DOUBLE(time_delta);
 
        ssnprintf(name, sizeof(name), "cpu%02d", t->cpu_id);
 
@@ -612,12 +565,17 @@ submit_counters(struct thread_data *t, struct core_data *c, struct pkg_data *p)
        if (!aperf_mperf_unstable)
                turbostat_submit(name, "percent", "c1", 100.0 * t->c1/t->tsc);
 
-       /* GHz */
+       turbostat_submit("Average", "frequency", name, 1.0 / 1000000 * t->aperf / interval_float);
+
        if ((!aperf_mperf_unstable) || (!(t->aperf > t->tsc || t->mperf > t->tsc)))
-               turbostat_submit(NULL, "frequency", name, 1.0 * t->tsc / 1000000000 * t->aperf / t->mperf / interval_float);
+               turbostat_submit("Buzy", "frequency", name, 1.0 * t->tsc / 1000000 * t->aperf / t->mperf / interval_float);
+
+       /* Sanity check (should stay stable) */
+       turbostat_submit("TSC", "gauge", name, 1.0 * t->tsc / 1000000 / interval_float);
 
        /* SMI */
-       turbostat_submit(NULL, "current", name, t->smi_count);
+       if (do_smi)
+               turbostat_submit(NULL, "current", name, t->smi_count);
 
        /* submit per-core data only for 1st thread in core */
        if (!(t->flags & CPU_IS_FIRST_THREAD_IN_CORE))
@@ -865,7 +823,7 @@ probe_cpu()
        __get_cpuid(0, &max_level, &ebx, &ecx, &edx);
        if (ebx != 0x756e6547 && edx != 0x49656e69 && ecx != 0x6c65746e) {
                ERROR("Turbostat plugin: Unsupported CPU (not Intel)");
-               return -UNSUPPORTED_CPU;
+               return -1;
        }
 
        /* CPUID(1):
@@ -888,37 +846,7 @@ probe_cpu()
                model += ((fms >> 16) & 0xf) << 4;
        if (!(edx & (1 << 5))) {
                ERROR("Turbostat plugin: Unsupported CPU (no MSR support)");
-               return -ERR_NO_MSR;
-       }
-
-       /*
-        * CPUID(0x80000000):
-        * - EAX: Maximum Input Value for Extended Function CPUID Information
-        *
-        * This allows us to verify if the CPUID(0x80000007) can be called
-        *
-        * This check is valid for both Intel and AMD.
-        */
-       max_level = ebx = ecx = edx = 0;
-       __get_cpuid(0x80000000, &max_level, &ebx, &ecx, &edx);
-       if (max_level < 0x80000007) {
-               ERROR("Turbostat plugin: Unsupported CPU (no invariant TSC, "
-                     " Maximum Extended Function: 0x%x)", max_level);
-               return -ERR_NO_INVARIANT_TSC;
-       }
-
-       /*
-        * CPUID(0x80000007):
-        * - EDX:
-        *  + 8: Invariant TSC available if set
-        *
-        * This check is valid for both Intel and AMD
-        */
-       eax = ebx = ecx = edx = 0;
-       __get_cpuid(0x80000007, &eax, &ebx, &ecx, &edx);
-       if (!(edx & (1 << 8))) {
-               ERROR("Turbostat plugin: Unsupported CPU (No invariant TSC)");
-               return -ERR_NO_INVARIANT_TSC;
+               return -1;
        }
 
        /*
@@ -939,7 +867,7 @@ probe_cpu()
        do_ptm = eax & (1 << 6);
        if (!(ecx & (1 << 0))) {
                ERROR("Turbostat plugin: Unsupported CPU (No APERF)");
-               return -ERR_NO_APERF;
+               return -1;
        }
 
        /*
@@ -949,15 +877,14 @@ probe_cpu()
                switch (model) {
                /* Atom (partial) */
                case 0x27:
+                       do_smi = 0;
                        do_core_cstate = 0;
                        do_pkg_cstate = (1 << 2) | (1 << 4) | (1 << 6);
                        break;
                /* Silvermont */
                case 0x37: /* BYT */
-               case 0x4A:
                case 0x4D: /* AVN */
-               case 0x5A:
-               case 0x5D:
+                       do_smi = 1;
                        do_core_cstate = (1 << 1) | (1 << 6);
                        do_pkg_cstate = (1 << 6);
                        break;
@@ -966,6 +893,7 @@ probe_cpu()
                case 0x1E: /* Core i7 and i5 Processor - Clarksfield, Lynnfield, Jasper Forest */
                case 0x1F: /* Core i7 and i5 Processor - Nehalem */
                case 0x2E: /* Nehalem-EX Xeon - Beckton */
+                       do_smi = 1;
                        do_core_cstate = (1 << 3) | (1 << 6);
                        do_pkg_cstate = (1 << 3) | (1 << 6) | (1 << 7);
                        break;
@@ -973,18 +901,21 @@ probe_cpu()
                case 0x25: /* Westmere Client - Clarkdale, Arrandale */
                case 0x2C: /* Westmere EP - Gulftown */
                case 0x2F: /* Westmere-EX Xeon - Eagleton */
+                       do_smi = 1;
                        do_core_cstate = (1 << 3) | (1 << 6);
                        do_pkg_cstate = (1 << 3) | (1 << 6) | (1 << 7);
                        break;
                /* Sandy Bridge */
                case 0x2A: /* SNB */
                case 0x2D: /* SNB Xeon */
+                       do_smi = 1;
                        do_core_cstate = (1 << 3) | (1 << 6) | (1 << 7);
                        do_pkg_cstate = (1 << 2) | (1 << 3) | (1 << 6) | (1 << 7);
                        break;
                /* Ivy Bridge */
                case 0x3A: /* IVB */
                case 0x3E: /* IVB Xeon */
+                       do_smi = 1;
                        do_core_cstate = (1 << 3) | (1 << 6) | (1 << 7);
                        do_pkg_cstate = (1 << 2) | (1 << 3) | (1 << 6) | (1 << 7);
                        break;
@@ -992,44 +923,53 @@ probe_cpu()
                case 0x3C: /* HSW */
                case 0x3F: /* HSW */
                case 0x46: /* HSW */
+                       do_smi = 1;
                        do_core_cstate = (1 << 3) | (1 << 6) | (1 << 7);
                        do_pkg_cstate = (1 << 2) | (1 << 3) | (1 << 6) | (1 << 7);
                        break;
                case 0x45: /* HSW */
+                       do_smi = 1;
                        do_core_cstate = (1 << 3) | (1 << 6) | (1 << 7);
                        do_pkg_cstate = (1 << 2) | (1 << 3) | (1 << 6) | (1 << 7) | (1 << 8) | (1 << 9) | (1 << 10);
                        break;
                /* Broadwel */
                case 0x4F: /* BDW */
                case 0x56: /* BDX-DE */
+                       do_smi = 1;
                        do_core_cstate = (1 << 3) | (1 << 6) | (1 << 7);
                        do_pkg_cstate = (1 << 2) | (1 << 3) | (1 << 6) | (1 << 7);
                        break;
                case 0x3D: /* BDW */
+                       do_smi = 1;
                        do_core_cstate = (1 << 3) | (1 << 6) | (1 << 7);
                        do_pkg_cstate = (1 << 2) | (1 << 3) | (1 << 6) | (1 << 7) | (1 << 8) | (1 << 9) | (1 << 10);
                        break;
                default:
-                       ERROR("Turbostat plugin: Unsupported CPU (family: %#x,"
-                             " model: %#x)", family, model);
+                       do_smi = 0;
+                       do_core_cstate = 0;
+                       do_pkg_cstate = 0;
+                       break;
                }
                switch (model) {
-               case 0x2A:
-               case 0x3A:
-               case 0x3C:
-               case 0x45:
-               case 0x46:
-                       do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_CORES | RAPL_CORE_POLICY | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO | RAPL_GFX;
+               case 0x2A: /* SNB */
+               case 0x3A: /* IVB */
+               case 0x3C: /* HSW */
+               case 0x45: /* HSW */
+               case 0x46: /* HSW */
+               case 0x3D: /* BDW */
+                       do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_CORES | RAPL_GFX;
                        break;
-               case 0x3F:
-                       do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_DRAM | RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS;
+               case 0x3F: /* HSX */
+               case 0x4F: /* BDX */
+               case 0x56: /* BDX-DE */
+                       do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_DRAM ;
                        break;
-               case 0x2D:
-               case 0x3E:
-                       do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_CORES | RAPL_CORE_POLICY | RAPL_PKG_POWER_INFO | RAPL_PKG_PERF_STATUS | RAPL_DRAM | RAPL_DRAM_PERF_STATUS;
+               case 0x2D: /* SNB Xeon */
+               case 0x3E: /* IVB Xeon */
+                       do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_CORES | RAPL_DRAM;
                        break;
-               case 0x37:
-               case 0x4D:
+               case 0x37: /* BYT */
+               case 0x4D: /* AVN */
                        do_rapl = RAPL_PKG | RAPL_CORES;
                        break;
                default:
@@ -1038,7 +978,7 @@ probe_cpu()
        } else {
                ERROR("Turbostat plugin: Unsupported CPU (family: %#x, "
                      "model: %#x)", family, model);
-               return -UNSUPPORTED_CPU;
+               return -1;
        }
 
        if (do_rapl) {
@@ -1069,19 +1009,24 @@ parse_int_file(const char *fmt, ...)
        va_list args;
        char path[PATH_MAX];
        FILE *filep;
-       int value;
+       int len, value;
 
        va_start(args, fmt);
-       vsnprintf(path, sizeof(path), fmt, args);
+       len = vsnprintf(path, sizeof(path), fmt, args);
        va_end(args);
+       if (len < 0 || len >= PATH_MAX) {
+               ERROR("Turbostat plugin: path truncated: '%s'", path);
+               return -1;
+       }
+
        filep = fopen(path, "r");
        if (!filep) {
                ERROR("Turbostat plugin: Failed to open '%s'", path);
-               return -ERR_CANT_OPEN_FILE;
+               return -1;
        }
        if (fscanf(filep, "%d", &value) != 1) {
                ERROR("Turbostat plugin: Failed to parse number from '%s'", path);
-               return -ERR_CANT_READ_NUMBER;
+               return -1;
        }
        fclose(filep);
        return value;
@@ -1100,7 +1045,7 @@ get_threads_on_core(int cpu)
        filep = fopen(path, "r");
        if (!filep) {
                ERROR("Turbostat plugin: Failed to open '%s'", path);
-               return -ERR_CANT_OPEN_FILE;
+               return -1;
        }
        /*
         * file format:
@@ -1131,14 +1076,14 @@ for_all_proc_cpus(int (func)(int))
        fp = fopen("/proc/stat", "r");
        if (!fp) {
                ERROR("Turbostat plugin: Failed to open /proc/stat");
-               return -ERR_CANT_OPEN_FILE;
+               return -1;
        }
 
        retval = fscanf(fp, "cpu %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d %*d\n");
        if (retval != 0) {
                ERROR("Turbostat plugin: Failed to parse /proc/stat");
                fclose(fp);
-               return -ERR_CANT_READ_PROC_STAT;
+               return -1;
        }
 
        while (1) {
@@ -1179,7 +1124,7 @@ allocate_cpu_set(cpu_set_t ** set, size_t * size) {
        *set = CPU_ALLOC(topology.max_cpu_id  + 1);
        if (*set == NULL) {
                ERROR("Turbostat plugin: Unable to allocate CPU state");
-               return -ERR_CPU_ALLOC;
+               return -1;
        }
        *size = CPU_ALLOC_SIZE(topology.max_cpu_id  + 1);
        CPU_ZERO_S(*size, *set);
@@ -1208,7 +1153,7 @@ topology_probe()
        topology.cpus = calloc(1, (topology.max_cpu_id  + 1) * sizeof(struct cpu_topology));
        if (topology.cpus == NULL) {
                ERROR("Turbostat plugin: Unable to allocate memory for CPU topology");
-               return -ERR_CALLOC;
+               return -1;
        }
 
        ret = allocate_cpu_set(&cpu_present_set, &cpu_present_setsize);
@@ -1328,10 +1273,10 @@ err_clean_threads:
        free(*threads);
 err:
        ERROR("Turbostat plugin: Failled to allocate memory for counters");
-       return -ERR_CALLOC;
+       return -1;
 }
 
-static int
+static void
 init_counter(struct thread_data *thread_base, struct core_data *core_base,
        struct pkg_data *pkg_base, int cpu_id)
 {
@@ -1352,32 +1297,20 @@ init_counter(struct thread_data *thread_base, struct core_data *core_base,
 
        c->core_id = cpu->core_id;
        p->package_id = cpu->package_id;
-
-       return 0;
 }
 
-static int
+static void
 initialize_counters(void)
 {
-       int ret;
        int cpu_id;
 
        for (cpu_id = 0; cpu_id <= topology.max_cpu_id; ++cpu_id) {
-               if (cpu_is_not_present(cpu_id)) {
+               if (cpu_is_not_present(cpu_id))
                        continue;
-               }
-
-               ret = init_counter(EVEN_COUNTERS, cpu_id);
-               if (ret < 0)
-                       return ret;
-               ret = init_counter(ODD_COUNTERS, cpu_id);
-               if (ret < 0)
-                       return ret;
-               ret = init_counter(DELTA_COUNTERS, cpu_id);
-               if (ret < 0)
-                       return ret;
+               init_counter(EVEN_COUNTERS, cpu_id);
+               init_counter(ODD_COUNTERS, cpu_id);
+               init_counter(DELTA_COUNTERS, cpu_id);
        }
-       return 0;
 }
 
 
@@ -1445,7 +1378,7 @@ static int setup_all_buffers(void)
        DO_OR_GOTO_ERR(allocate_counters(&thread_even, &core_even, &package_even));
        DO_OR_GOTO_ERR(allocate_counters(&thread_odd, &core_odd, &package_odd));
        DO_OR_GOTO_ERR(allocate_counters(&thread_delta, &core_delta, &package_delta));
-       DO_OR_GOTO_ERR(initialize_counters());
+       initialize_counters();
        DO_OR_GOTO_ERR(for_all_cpus(set_temperature_target, EVEN_COUNTERS));
        DO_OR_GOTO_ERR(for_all_cpus(set_temperature_target, ODD_COUNTERS));
 
@@ -1470,18 +1403,23 @@ turbostat_read(void)
                free_all_buffers();
                if ((ret = setup_all_buffers()) < 0)
                        return ret;
-               if (for_all_proc_cpus(cpu_is_not_present))
-                       return -ERR_CPU_NOT_PRESENT;
+               if (for_all_proc_cpus(cpu_is_not_present)) {
+                       ERROR("Turbostat plugin: CPU appeared just after "
+                             "initialization");
+                       return -1;
+               }
        }
 
        /* Saving the scheduling affinity, as it will be modified by get_counters */
-       if (sched_getaffinity(0, cpu_saved_affinity_setsize, cpu_saved_affinity_set) != 0)
-               return -ERR_CPU_SAVE_SCHED_AFFINITY;
+       if (sched_getaffinity(0, cpu_saved_affinity_setsize, cpu_saved_affinity_set) != 0) {
+               ERROR("Turbostat plugin: Unable to save the CPU affinity");
+               return -1;
+       }
 
        if (!initialized) {
                if ((ret = for_all_cpus(get_counters, EVEN_COUNTERS)) < 0)
                        goto out;
-               gettimeofday(&tv_even, (struct timezone *)NULL);
+               time_even = cdtime();
                is_even = 1;
                initialized = 1;
                ret = 0;
@@ -1491,9 +1429,9 @@ turbostat_read(void)
        if (is_even) {
                if ((ret = for_all_cpus(get_counters, ODD_COUNTERS)) < 0)
                        goto out;
-               gettimeofday(&tv_odd, (struct timezone *)NULL);
+               time_odd = cdtime();
                is_even = 0;
-               timersub(&tv_odd, &tv_even, &tv_delta);
+               time_delta = time_odd - time_even;
                if ((ret = for_all_cpus_delta(ODD_COUNTERS, EVEN_COUNTERS)) < 0)
                        goto out;
                if ((ret = for_all_cpus(submit_counters, DELTA_COUNTERS)) < 0)
@@ -1501,9 +1439,9 @@ turbostat_read(void)
        } else {
                if ((ret = for_all_cpus(get_counters, EVEN_COUNTERS)) < 0)
                        goto out;
-               gettimeofday(&tv_even, (struct timezone *)NULL);
+               time_even = cdtime();
                is_even = 1;
-               timersub(&tv_even, &tv_odd, &tv_delta);
+               time_delta = time_even - time_odd;
                if ((ret = for_all_cpus_delta(EVEN_COUNTERS, ODD_COUNTERS)) < 0)
                        goto out;
                if ((ret = for_all_cpus(submit_counters, DELTA_COUNTERS)) < 0)
@@ -1520,28 +1458,69 @@ out:
 }
 
 static int
-turbostat_init(void)
+check_permissions(void)
 {
-       struct stat sb;
-       int ret;
+       struct __user_cap_header_struct cap_header_data;
+       cap_user_header_t cap_header = &cap_header_data;
+       struct __user_cap_data_struct cap_data_data;
+       cap_user_data_t cap_data = &cap_data_data;
+       int ret = 0;
+
+       if (getuid() == 0) {
+               /* We have everything we need */
+               return 0;
+       }
 
-       if (getuid() != 0) {
-               ERROR("Turbostat plugin: Initialization failed: this plugin "
-                     "requires collectd to run as root in order to read "
-                     "special CPU registers");
-               return -ERR_NOT_ROOT;
+       /* check for CAP_SYS_RAWIO */
+       cap_header->pid = getpid();
+       cap_header->version = _LINUX_CAPABILITY_VERSION;
+       if (capget(cap_header, cap_data) < 0) {
+               ERROR("Turbostat plugin: capget failed");
+               return -1;
        }
 
-       DO_OR_GOTO_ERR(probe_cpu());
+       if ((cap_data->effective & (1 << CAP_SYS_RAWIO)) == 0) {
+               WARNING("Turbostat plugin: Collectd doesn't have the "
+                       "CAP_SYS_RAWIO capability. If you don't want to run "
+                       "collectd as root, try running \"setcap "
+                       "cap_sys_rawio=ep\" on collectd binary");
+               ret = -1;
+       }
+
+       if (euidaccess("/dev/cpu/0/msr", R_OK)) {
+               WARNING("Turbostat plugin: Collectd cannot open"
+                       "/dev/cpu/0/msr. If you don't want to run collectd as "
+                       "root, you need to change the ownership (chown) and "
+                       "permissions on /dev/cpu/*/msr to allow such access");
+               ret = -1;
+       }
+
+       if (ret != 0)
+               ERROR("Turbostat plugin: Initialization failed: this plugin "
+                     "requires collectd to either to run as root or give "
+                     "collectd a special capability (CAP_SYS_RAWIO) and read "
+                      "access to /dev/cpu/*/msr (see previous warnings)");
+       return ret;
+}
+
+static int
+turbostat_init(void)
+{
+       struct stat sb;
+       int ret;
 
        if (stat("/dev/cpu/0/msr", &sb)) {
                ERROR("Turbostat plugin: Initialization failed: /dev/cpu/0/msr"
                      " does not exist while the CPU supports MSR. You may be "
                      "missing the corresponding kernel module, please try '# "
                      "modprobe msr'");
-               return -ERR_NO_MSR;
+               return -1;
        }
 
+       DO_OR_GOTO_ERR(check_permissions());
+
+       DO_OR_GOTO_ERR(probe_cpu());
+
        DO_OR_GOTO_ERR(setup_all_buffers());
 
        plugin_register_read(PLUGIN_NAME, turbostat_read);
@@ -1552,12 +1531,6 @@ err:
        return ret;
 }
 
-static const char *config_keys[] =
-{
-       "TCCActivationTemp",
-};
-static const int config_keys_num = STATIC_ARRAY_SIZE (config_keys);
-
 static int
 turbostat_config(const char *key, const char *value)
 {
@@ -1566,10 +1539,15 @@ turbostat_config(const char *key, const char *value)
 
        if (strcasecmp("TCCActivationTemp", key) == 0) {
                tmp_val = strtoul(value, &end, 0);
-               if (*end != '\0' || tmp_val > UINT_MAX)
+               if (*end != '\0' || tmp_val > UINT_MAX) {
+                       ERROR("Turbostat plugin: Invalid TCCActivationTemp '%s'",
+                             value);
                        return -1;
+               }
                tcc_activation_temp = (unsigned int) tmp_val;
        } else {
+               ERROR("Turbostat plugin: Invalid configuration option '%s'",
+                     key);
                return -1;
        }
        return 0;