{GPL, other}: Relicense to MIT license.
[collectd.git] / src / postgresql.c
index 675505b..635abfc 100644 (file)
@@ -1,35 +1,29 @@
 /**
  * collectd - src/postgresql.c
- * Copyright (C) 2008, 2009  Sebastian Harl
- * Copyright (C) 2009        Florian Forster
- * All rights reserved.
+ * Copyright (C) 2008-2012  Sebastian Harl
+ * Copyright (C) 2009       Florian Forster
  *
- * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
- * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
- * are met:
+ * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
+ * copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
+ * to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
+ * the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
+ * and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
+ * Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
  *
- * - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
- *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+ * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
+ * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
  *
- * - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
- *   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
- *   documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
- *
- * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
- * AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
- * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
- * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
- * LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
- * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
- * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
- * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
- * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
- * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
- * POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+ * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+ * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+ * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+ * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+ * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
+ * FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
+ * DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
  *
  * Authors:
  *   Sebastian Harl <sh at tokkee.org>
- *   Florian Forster <octo at verplant.org>
+ *   Florian Forster <octo at collectd.org>
  **/
 
 /*
 #include "configfile.h"
 #include "plugin.h"
 
+#include "utils_cache.h"
 #include "utils_db_query.h"
 #include "utils_complain.h"
 
+#if HAVE_PTHREAD_H
+# include <pthread.h>
+#endif
+
 #include <pg_config_manual.h>
 #include <libpq-fe.h>
 
 #define log_err(...) ERROR ("postgresql: " __VA_ARGS__)
 #define log_warn(...) WARNING ("postgresql: " __VA_ARGS__)
 #define log_info(...) INFO ("postgresql: " __VA_ARGS__)
+#define log_debug(...) DEBUG ("postgresql: " __VA_ARGS__)
 
 #ifndef C_PSQL_DEFAULT_CONF
 # define C_PSQL_DEFAULT_CONF PKGDATADIR "/postgresql_default.conf"
@@ -105,6 +105,12 @@ typedef struct {
 } c_psql_user_data_t;
 
 typedef struct {
+       char *name;
+       char *statement;
+       _Bool store_rates;
+} c_psql_writer_t;
+
+typedef struct {
        PGconn      *conn;
        c_complain_t conn_complaint;
 
@@ -118,8 +124,18 @@ typedef struct {
        udb_query_t    **queries;
        size_t           queries_num;
 
+       c_psql_writer_t **writers;
+       size_t            writers_num;
+
+       /* make sure we don't access the database object in parallel */
+       pthread_mutex_t   db_lock;
+
        cdtime_t interval;
 
+       /* writer "caching" settings */
+       cdtime_t commit_interval;
+       cdtime_t next_commit;
+
        char *host;
        char *port;
        char *database;
@@ -133,6 +149,8 @@ typedef struct {
        char *krbsrvname;
 
        char *service;
+
+       int ref_cnt;
 } c_psql_database_t;
 
 static char *def_queries[] = {
@@ -146,19 +164,77 @@ static char *def_queries[] = {
 };
 static int def_queries_num = STATIC_ARRAY_SIZE (def_queries);
 
-static udb_query_t      **queries       = NULL;
-static size_t             queries_num   = 0;
+static c_psql_database_t **databases     = NULL;
+static size_t              databases_num = 0;
+
+static udb_query_t       **queries       = NULL;
+static size_t              queries_num   = 0;
+
+static c_psql_writer_t    *writers       = NULL;
+static size_t              writers_num   = 0;
+
+static int c_psql_begin (c_psql_database_t *db)
+{
+       PGresult *r = PQexec (db->conn, "BEGIN");
+
+       int status = 1;
+
+       if (r != NULL) {
+               if (PGRES_COMMAND_OK == PQresultStatus (r)) {
+                       db->next_commit = cdtime() + db->commit_interval;
+                       status = 0;
+               }
+               else
+                       log_warn ("Failed to initiate ('BEGIN') transaction: %s",
+                                       PQerrorMessage (db->conn));
+               PQclear (r);
+       }
+       return status;
+} /* c_psql_begin */
+
+static int c_psql_commit (c_psql_database_t *db)
+{
+       PGresult *r = PQexec (db->conn, "COMMIT");
+
+       int status = 1;
+
+       if (r != NULL) {
+               if (PGRES_COMMAND_OK == PQresultStatus (r)) {
+                       db->next_commit = 0;
+                       log_debug ("Successfully committed transaction.");
+                       status = 0;
+               }
+               else
+                       log_warn ("Failed to commit transaction: %s",
+                                       PQerrorMessage (db->conn));
+               PQclear (r);
+       }
+       return status;
+} /* c_psql_commit */
 
 static c_psql_database_t *c_psql_database_new (const char *name)
 {
-       c_psql_database_t *db;
+       c_psql_database_t **tmp;
+       c_psql_database_t  *db;
 
-       db = (c_psql_database_t *)malloc (sizeof (*db));
+       db = (c_psql_database_t *)malloc (sizeof(*db));
        if (NULL == db) {
                log_err ("Out of memory.");
                return NULL;
        }
 
+       tmp = (c_psql_database_t **)realloc (databases,
+                       (databases_num + 1) * sizeof (*databases));
+       if (NULL == tmp) {
+               log_err ("Out of memory.");
+               sfree (db);
+               return NULL;
+       }
+
+       databases = tmp;
+       databases[databases_num] = db;
+       ++databases_num;
+
        db->conn = NULL;
 
        C_COMPLAIN_INIT (&db->conn_complaint);
@@ -172,8 +248,16 @@ static c_psql_database_t *c_psql_database_new (const char *name)
        db->queries        = NULL;
        db->queries_num    = 0;
 
+       db->writers        = NULL;
+       db->writers_num    = 0;
+
+       pthread_mutex_init (&db->db_lock, /* attrs = */ NULL);
+
        db->interval   = 0;
 
+       db->commit_interval = 0;
+       db->next_commit     = 0;
+
        db->database   = sstrdup (name);
        db->host       = NULL;
        db->port       = NULL;
@@ -187,6 +271,8 @@ static c_psql_database_t *c_psql_database_new (const char *name)
        db->krbsrvname = NULL;
 
        db->service    = NULL;
+
+       db->ref_cnt    = 0;
        return db;
 } /* c_psql_database_new */
 
@@ -196,6 +282,17 @@ static void c_psql_database_delete (void *data)
 
        c_psql_database_t *db = data;
 
+       --db->ref_cnt;
+       /* readers and writers may access this database */
+       if (db->ref_cnt > 0)
+               return;
+
+       /* wait for the lock to be released by the last writer */
+       pthread_mutex_lock (&db->db_lock);
+
+       if (db->next_commit > 0)
+               c_psql_commit (db);
+
        PQfinish (db->conn);
        db->conn = NULL;
 
@@ -207,6 +304,13 @@ static void c_psql_database_delete (void *data)
        sfree (db->queries);
        db->queries_num = 0;
 
+       sfree (db->writers);
+       db->writers_num = 0;
+
+       pthread_mutex_unlock (&db->db_lock);
+
+       pthread_mutex_destroy (&db->db_lock);
+
        sfree (db->database);
        sfree (db->host);
        sfree (db->port);
@@ -220,6 +324,11 @@ static void c_psql_database_delete (void *data)
        sfree (db->krbsrvname);
 
        sfree (db->service);
+
+       /* don't care about freeing or reordering the 'databases' array
+        * this is done in 'shutdown'; also, don't free the database instance
+        * object just to make sure that in case anybody accesses it before
+        * shutdown won't segfault */
        return;
 } /* c_psql_database_delete */
 
@@ -230,7 +339,7 @@ static int c_psql_connect (c_psql_database_t *db)
        int   buf_len = sizeof (conninfo);
        int   status;
 
-       if (! db)
+       if ((! db) || (! db->database))
                return -1;
 
        status = ssnprintf (buf, buf_len, "dbname = '%s'", db->database);
@@ -266,9 +375,6 @@ static int c_psql_check_connection (c_psql_database_t *db)
                c_psql_connect (db);
        }
 
-       /* "ping" */
-       PQclear (PQexec (db->conn, "SELECT 42;"));
-
        if (CONNECTION_OK != PQstatus (db->conn)) {
                PQreset (db->conn);
 
@@ -345,7 +451,8 @@ static PGresult *c_psql_exec_query_params (c_psql_database_t *db,
                        case C_PSQL_PARAM_INTERVAL:
                                ssnprintf (interval, sizeof (interval), "%.3f",
                                                (db->interval > 0)
-                                               ? CDTIME_T_TO_DOUBLE (db->interval) : interval_g);
+                                               ? CDTIME_T_TO_DOUBLE (db->interval)
+                                               : plugin_get_interval ());
                                params[i] = interval;
                                break;
                        case C_PSQL_PARAM_INSTANCE:
@@ -362,6 +469,7 @@ static PGresult *c_psql_exec_query_params (c_psql_database_t *db,
                        NULL, NULL, /* return text data */ 0);
 } /* c_psql_exec_query_params */
 
+/* db->db_lock must be locked when calling this function */
 static int c_psql_exec_query (c_psql_database_t *db, udb_query_t *q,
                udb_query_preparation_area_t *prep_area)
 {
@@ -396,23 +504,38 @@ static int c_psql_exec_query (c_psql_database_t *db, udb_query_t *q,
                return -1;
        }
 
+       /* give c_psql_write() a chance to acquire the lock if called recursively
+        * through dispatch_values(); this will happen if, both, queries and
+        * writers are configured for a single connection */
+       pthread_mutex_unlock (&db->db_lock);
+
        column_names = NULL;
        column_values = NULL;
 
-#define BAIL_OUT(status) \
-       sfree (column_names); \
-       sfree (column_values); \
-       PQclear (res); \
-       return status
-
        if (PGRES_TUPLES_OK != PQresultStatus (res)) {
+               pthread_mutex_lock (&db->db_lock);
+
+               if ((CONNECTION_OK != PQstatus (db->conn))
+                               && (0 == c_psql_check_connection (db))) {
+                       PQclear (res);
+                       return c_psql_exec_query (db, q, prep_area);
+               }
+
                log_err ("Failed to execute SQL query: %s",
                                PQerrorMessage (db->conn));
                log_info ("SQL query was: %s",
                                udb_query_get_statement (q));
-               BAIL_OUT (-1);
+               PQclear (res);
+               return -1;
        }
 
+#define BAIL_OUT(status) \
+       sfree (column_names); \
+       sfree (column_values); \
+       PQclear (res); \
+       pthread_mutex_lock (&db->db_lock); \
+       return status
+
        rows_num = PQntuples (res);
        if (1 > rows_num) {
                BAIL_OUT (0);
@@ -442,6 +565,7 @@ static int c_psql_exec_query (c_psql_database_t *db, udb_query_t *q,
        }
 
        if (C_PSQL_IS_UNIX_DOMAIN_SOCKET (db->host)
+                       || (0 == strcmp (db->host, "127.0.0.1"))
                        || (0 == strcmp (db->host, "localhost")))
                host = hostname_g;
        else
@@ -500,9 +624,14 @@ static int c_psql_read (user_data_t *ud)
 
        assert (NULL != db->database);
        assert (NULL != db->instance);
+       assert (NULL != db->queries);
+
+       pthread_mutex_lock (&db->db_lock);
 
-       if (0 != c_psql_check_connection (db))
+       if (0 != c_psql_check_connection (db)) {
+               pthread_mutex_unlock (&db->db_lock);
                return -1;
+       }
 
        for (i = 0; i < db->queries_num; ++i)
        {
@@ -520,19 +649,382 @@ static int c_psql_read (user_data_t *ud)
                        success = 1;
        }
 
+       pthread_mutex_unlock (&db->db_lock);
+
        if (! success)
                return -1;
        return 0;
 } /* c_psql_read */
 
+static char *values_name_to_sqlarray (const data_set_t *ds,
+               char *string, size_t string_len)
+{
+       char  *str_ptr;
+       size_t str_len;
+
+       int i;
+
+       str_ptr = string;
+       str_len = string_len;
+
+       for (i = 0; i < ds->ds_num; ++i) {
+               int status = ssnprintf (str_ptr, str_len, ",'%s'", ds->ds[i].name);
+
+               if (status < 1)
+                       return NULL;
+               else if ((size_t)status >= str_len) {
+                       str_len = 0;
+                       break;
+               }
+               else {
+                       str_ptr += status;
+                       str_len -= (size_t)status;
+               }
+       }
+
+       if (str_len <= 2) {
+               log_err ("c_psql_write: Failed to stringify value names");
+               return NULL;
+       }
+
+       /* overwrite the first comma */
+       string[0] = '{';
+       str_ptr[0] = '}';
+       str_ptr[1] = '\0';
+
+       return string;
+} /* values_name_to_sqlarray */
+
+static char *values_type_to_sqlarray (const data_set_t *ds,
+               char *string, size_t string_len, _Bool store_rates)
+{
+       char  *str_ptr;
+       size_t str_len;
+
+       int i;
+
+       str_ptr = string;
+       str_len = string_len;
+
+       for (i = 0; i < ds->ds_num; ++i) {
+               int status;
+
+               if (store_rates)
+                       status = ssnprintf(str_ptr, str_len, ",'gauge'");
+               else
+                       status = ssnprintf(str_ptr, str_len, ",'%s'",
+                                       DS_TYPE_TO_STRING (ds->ds[i].type));
+
+               if (status < 1) {
+                       str_len = 0;
+                       break;
+               }
+               else if ((size_t)status >= str_len) {
+                       str_len = 0;
+                       break;
+               }
+               else {
+                       str_ptr += status;
+                       str_len -= (size_t)status;
+               }
+       }
+
+       if (str_len <= 2) {
+               log_err ("c_psql_write: Failed to stringify value types");
+               return NULL;
+       }
+
+       /* overwrite the first comma */
+       string[0] = '{';
+       str_ptr[0] = '}';
+       str_ptr[1] = '\0';
+
+       return string;
+} /* values_type_to_sqlarray */
+
+static char *values_to_sqlarray (const data_set_t *ds, const value_list_t *vl,
+               char *string, size_t string_len, _Bool store_rates)
+{
+       char  *str_ptr;
+       size_t str_len;
+
+       gauge_t *rates = NULL;
+
+       int i;
+
+       str_ptr = string;
+       str_len = string_len;
+
+       for (i = 0; i < vl->values_len; ++i) {
+               int status = 0;
+
+               if ((ds->ds[i].type != DS_TYPE_GAUGE)
+                               && (ds->ds[i].type != DS_TYPE_COUNTER)
+                               && (ds->ds[i].type != DS_TYPE_DERIVE)
+                               && (ds->ds[i].type != DS_TYPE_ABSOLUTE)) {
+                       log_err ("c_psql_write: Unknown data source type: %i",
+                                       ds->ds[i].type);
+                       sfree (rates);
+                       return NULL;
+               }
+
+               if (ds->ds[i].type == DS_TYPE_GAUGE)
+                       status = ssnprintf (str_ptr, str_len,
+                                       ",%f", vl->values[i].gauge);
+               else if (store_rates) {
+                       if (rates == NULL)
+                               rates = uc_get_rate (ds, vl);
+
+                       if (rates == NULL) {
+                               log_err ("c_psql_write: Failed to determine rate");
+                               return NULL;
+                       }
+
+                       status = ssnprintf (str_ptr, str_len,
+                                       ",%lf", rates[i]);
+               }
+               else if (ds->ds[i].type == DS_TYPE_COUNTER)
+                       status = ssnprintf (str_ptr, str_len,
+                                       ",%llu", vl->values[i].counter);
+               else if (ds->ds[i].type == DS_TYPE_DERIVE)
+                       status = ssnprintf (str_ptr, str_len,
+                                       ",%"PRIi64, vl->values[i].derive);
+               else if (ds->ds[i].type == DS_TYPE_ABSOLUTE)
+                       status = ssnprintf (str_ptr, str_len,
+                                       ",%"PRIu64, vl->values[i].absolute);
+
+               if (status < 1) {
+                       str_len = 0;
+                       break;
+               }
+               else if ((size_t)status >= str_len) {
+                       str_len = 0;
+                       break;
+               }
+               else {
+                       str_ptr += status;
+                       str_len -= (size_t)status;
+               }
+       }
+
+       sfree (rates);
+
+       if (str_len <= 2) {
+               log_err ("c_psql_write: Failed to stringify value list");
+               return NULL;
+       }
+
+       /* overwrite the first comma */
+       string[0] = '{';
+       str_ptr[0] = '}';
+       str_ptr[1] = '\0';
+
+       return string;
+} /* values_to_sqlarray */
+
+static int c_psql_write (const data_set_t *ds, const value_list_t *vl,
+               user_data_t *ud)
+{
+       c_psql_database_t *db;
+
+       char time_str[32];
+       char values_name_str[1024];
+       char values_type_str[1024];
+       char values_str[1024];
+
+       const char *params[9];
+
+       int success = 0;
+       int i;
+
+       if ((ud == NULL) || (ud->data == NULL)) {
+               log_err ("c_psql_write: Invalid user data.");
+               return -1;
+       }
+
+       db = ud->data;
+       assert (db->database != NULL);
+       assert (db->writers != NULL);
+
+       if (cdtime_to_iso8601 (time_str, sizeof (time_str), vl->time) == 0) {
+               log_err ("c_psql_write: Failed to convert time to ISO 8601 format");
+               return -1;
+       }
+
+       if (values_name_to_sqlarray (ds,
+                               values_name_str, sizeof (values_name_str)) == NULL)
+               return -1;
+
+#define VALUE_OR_NULL(v) ((((v) == NULL) || (*(v) == '\0')) ? NULL : (v))
+
+       params[0] = time_str;
+       params[1] = vl->host;
+       params[2] = vl->plugin;
+       params[3] = VALUE_OR_NULL(vl->plugin_instance);
+       params[4] = vl->type;
+       params[5] = VALUE_OR_NULL(vl->type_instance);
+       params[6] = values_name_str;
+
+#undef VALUE_OR_NULL
+
+       pthread_mutex_lock (&db->db_lock);
+
+       if (0 != c_psql_check_connection (db)) {
+               pthread_mutex_unlock (&db->db_lock);
+               return -1;
+       }
+
+       if ((db->commit_interval > 0)
+                       && (db->next_commit == 0))
+               c_psql_begin (db);
+
+       for (i = 0; i < db->writers_num; ++i) {
+               c_psql_writer_t *writer;
+               PGresult *res;
+
+               writer = db->writers[i];
+
+               if (values_type_to_sqlarray (ds,
+                                       values_type_str, sizeof (values_type_str),
+                                       writer->store_rates) == NULL) {
+                       pthread_mutex_unlock (&db->db_lock);
+                       return -1;
+               }
+
+               if (values_to_sqlarray (ds, vl,
+                                       values_str, sizeof (values_str),
+                                       writer->store_rates) == NULL) {
+                       pthread_mutex_unlock (&db->db_lock);
+                       return -1;
+               }
+
+               params[7] = values_type_str;
+               params[8] = values_str;
+
+               res = PQexecParams (db->conn, writer->statement,
+                               STATIC_ARRAY_SIZE (params), NULL,
+                               (const char *const *)params,
+                               NULL, NULL, /* return text data */ 0);
+
+               if ((PGRES_COMMAND_OK != PQresultStatus (res))
+                               && (PGRES_TUPLES_OK != PQresultStatus (res))) {
+                       PQclear (res);
+
+                       if ((CONNECTION_OK != PQstatus (db->conn))
+                                       && (0 == c_psql_check_connection (db))) {
+                               /* try again */
+                               res = PQexecParams (db->conn, writer->statement,
+                                               STATIC_ARRAY_SIZE (params), NULL,
+                                               (const char *const *)params,
+                                               NULL, NULL, /* return text data */ 0);
+
+                               if ((PGRES_COMMAND_OK == PQresultStatus (res))
+                                               || (PGRES_TUPLES_OK == PQresultStatus (res))) {
+                                       PQclear (res);
+                                       success = 1;
+                                       continue;
+                               }
+                       }
+
+                       log_err ("Failed to execute SQL query: %s",
+                                       PQerrorMessage (db->conn));
+                       log_info ("SQL query was: '%s', "
+                                       "params: %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s",
+                                       writer->statement,
+                                       params[0], params[1], params[2], params[3],
+                                       params[4], params[5], params[6], params[7]);
+
+                       /* this will abort any current transaction -> restart */
+                       if (db->next_commit > 0)
+                               c_psql_commit (db);
+
+                       pthread_mutex_unlock (&db->db_lock);
+                       return -1;
+               }
+
+               PQclear (res);
+               success = 1;
+       }
+
+       if ((db->next_commit > 0)
+                       && (cdtime () > db->next_commit))
+               c_psql_commit (db);
+
+       pthread_mutex_unlock (&db->db_lock);
+
+       if (! success)
+               return -1;
+       return 0;
+} /* c_psql_write */
+
+/* We cannot flush single identifiers as all we do is to commit the currently
+ * running transaction, thus making sure that all written data is actually
+ * visible to everybody. */
+static int c_psql_flush (cdtime_t timeout,
+               __attribute__((unused)) const char *ident,
+               user_data_t *ud)
+{
+       c_psql_database_t **dbs = databases;
+       size_t dbs_num = databases_num;
+       size_t i;
+
+       if ((ud != NULL) && (ud->data != NULL)) {
+               dbs = (void *)&ud->data;
+               dbs_num = 1;
+       }
+
+       for (i = 0; i < dbs_num; ++i) {
+               c_psql_database_t *db = dbs[i];
+
+               /* don't commit if the timeout is larger than the regular commit
+                * interval as in that case all requested data has already been
+                * committed */
+               if ((db->next_commit > 0) && (db->commit_interval > timeout))
+                       c_psql_commit (db);
+       }
+       return 0;
+} /* c_psql_flush */
+
 static int c_psql_shutdown (void)
 {
+       size_t i = 0;
+
+       _Bool had_flush = 0;
+
        plugin_unregister_read_group ("postgresql");
 
+       for (i = 0; i < databases_num; ++i) {
+               c_psql_database_t *db = databases[i];
+
+               if (db->writers_num > 0) {
+                       char cb_name[DATA_MAX_NAME_LEN];
+                       ssnprintf (cb_name, sizeof (cb_name), "postgresql-%s",
+                                       db->database);
+
+                       if (! had_flush) {
+                               plugin_unregister_flush ("postgresql");
+                               had_flush = 1;
+                       }
+
+                       plugin_unregister_flush (cb_name);
+                       plugin_unregister_write (cb_name);
+               }
+
+               sfree (db);
+       }
+
        udb_query_free (queries, queries_num);
        queries = NULL;
        queries_num = 0;
 
+       sfree (writers);
+       writers = NULL;
+       writers_num = 0;
+
+       sfree (databases);
+       databases = NULL;
+       databases_num = 0;
+
        return 0;
 } /* c_psql_shutdown */
 
@@ -594,6 +1086,103 @@ static int config_query_callback (udb_query_t *q, oconfig_item_t *ci)
        return (-1);
 } /* config_query_callback */
 
+static int config_add_writer (oconfig_item_t *ci,
+               c_psql_writer_t *src_writers, size_t src_writers_num,
+               c_psql_writer_t ***dst_writers, size_t *dst_writers_num)
+{
+       char *name;
+
+       size_t i;
+
+       if ((ci == NULL) || (dst_writers == NULL) || (dst_writers_num == NULL))
+               return -1;
+
+       if ((ci->values_num != 1)
+                       || (ci->values[0].type != OCONFIG_TYPE_STRING)) {
+               log_err ("`Writer' expects a single string argument.");
+               return 1;
+       }
+
+       name = ci->values[0].value.string;
+
+       for (i = 0; i < src_writers_num; ++i) {
+               c_psql_writer_t **tmp;
+
+               if (strcasecmp (name, src_writers[i].name) != 0)
+                       continue;
+
+               tmp = (c_psql_writer_t **)realloc (*dst_writers,
+                               sizeof (**dst_writers) * (*dst_writers_num + 1));
+               if (tmp == NULL) {
+                       log_err ("Out of memory.");
+                       return -1;
+               }
+
+               tmp[*dst_writers_num] = src_writers + i;
+
+               *dst_writers = tmp;
+               ++(*dst_writers_num);
+               break;
+       }
+
+       if (i >= src_writers_num) {
+               log_err ("No such writer: `%s'", name);
+               return -1;
+       }
+
+       return 0;
+} /* config_add_writer */
+
+static int c_psql_config_writer (oconfig_item_t *ci)
+{
+       c_psql_writer_t *writer;
+       c_psql_writer_t *tmp;
+
+       int status = 0;
+       int i;
+
+       if ((ci->values_num != 1)
+                       || (ci->values[0].type != OCONFIG_TYPE_STRING)) {
+               log_err ("<Writer> expects a single string argument.");
+               return 1;
+       }
+
+       tmp = (c_psql_writer_t *)realloc (writers,
+                       sizeof (*writers) * (writers_num + 1));
+       if (tmp == NULL) {
+               log_err ("Out of memory.");
+               return -1;
+       }
+
+       writers = tmp;
+       writer  = writers + writers_num;
+       ++writers_num;
+
+       writer->name = sstrdup (ci->values[0].value.string);
+       writer->statement = NULL;
+       writer->store_rates = 1;
+
+       for (i = 0; i < ci->children_num; ++i) {
+               oconfig_item_t *c = ci->children + i;
+
+               if (strcasecmp ("Statement", c->key) == 0)
+                       status = cf_util_get_string (c, &writer->statement);
+               else if (strcasecmp ("StoreRates", c->key) == 0)
+                       status = cf_util_get_boolean (c, &writer->store_rates);
+               else
+                       log_warn ("Ignoring unknown config key \"%s\".", c->key);
+       }
+
+       if (status != 0) {
+               sfree (writer->statement);
+               sfree (writer->name);
+               sfree (writer);
+               return status;
+       }
+
+       return 0;
+} /* c_psql_config_writer */
+
 static int c_psql_config_database (oconfig_item_t *ci)
 {
        c_psql_database_t *db;
@@ -602,6 +1191,8 @@ static int c_psql_config_database (oconfig_item_t *ci)
        struct timespec cb_interval = { 0, 0 };
        user_data_t ud;
 
+       static _Bool have_flush = 0;
+
        int i;
 
        if ((1 != ci->values_num)
@@ -638,14 +1229,19 @@ static int c_psql_config_database (oconfig_item_t *ci)
                else if (0 == strcasecmp (c->key, "Query"))
                        udb_query_pick_from_list (c, queries, queries_num,
                                        &db->queries, &db->queries_num);
+               else if (0 == strcasecmp (c->key, "Writer"))
+                       config_add_writer (c, writers, writers_num,
+                                       &db->writers, &db->writers_num);
                else if (0 == strcasecmp (c->key, "Interval"))
                        cf_util_get_cdtime (c, &db->interval);
+               else if (strcasecmp ("CommitInterval", c->key) == 0)
+                       cf_util_get_cdtime (c, &db->commit_interval);
                else
                        log_warn ("Ignoring unknown config key \"%s\".", c->key);
        }
 
        /* If no `Query' options were given, add the default queries.. */
-       if (db->queries_num == 0) {
+       if ((db->queries_num == 0) && (db->writers_num == 0)){
                for (i = 0; i < def_queries_num; i++)
                        udb_query_pick_from_list_by_name (def_queries[i],
                                        queries, queries_num,
@@ -684,11 +1280,34 @@ static int c_psql_config_database (oconfig_item_t *ci)
 
        ssnprintf (cb_name, sizeof (cb_name), "postgresql-%s", db->instance);
 
-       CDTIME_T_TO_TIMESPEC (db->interval, &cb_interval);
+       if (db->queries_num > 0) {
+               CDTIME_T_TO_TIMESPEC (db->interval, &cb_interval);
 
-       plugin_register_complex_read ("postgresql", cb_name, c_psql_read,
-                       /* interval = */ (db->interval > 0) ? &cb_interval : NULL,
-                       &ud);
+               ++db->ref_cnt;
+               plugin_register_complex_read ("postgresql", cb_name, c_psql_read,
+                               /* interval = */ (db->interval > 0) ? &cb_interval : NULL,
+                               &ud);
+       }
+       if (db->writers_num > 0) {
+               ++db->ref_cnt;
+               plugin_register_write (cb_name, c_psql_write, &ud);
+
+               if (! have_flush) {
+                       /* flush all */
+                       plugin_register_flush ("postgresql",
+                                       c_psql_flush, /* user data = */ NULL);
+                       have_flush = 1;
+               }
+
+               /* flush this connection only */
+               ++db->ref_cnt;
+               plugin_register_flush (cb_name, c_psql_flush, &ud);
+       }
+       else if (db->commit_interval > 0) {
+               log_warn ("Database '%s': You do not have any writers assigned to "
+                               "this database connection. Setting 'CommitInterval' does "
+                               "not have any effect.", db->database);
+       }
        return 0;
 } /* c_psql_config_database */
 
@@ -720,6 +1339,8 @@ static int c_psql_config (oconfig_item_t *ci)
                if (0 == strcasecmp (c->key, "Query"))
                        udb_query_create (&queries, &queries_num, c,
                                        /* callback = */ config_query_callback);
+               else if (0 == strcasecmp (c->key, "Writer"))
+                       c_psql_config_writer (c);
                else if (0 == strcasecmp (c->key, "Database"))
                        c_psql_config_database (c);
                else