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256 padding-left: 0.5em;
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259 <title>git-diff-stages(1)</title>
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264 git-diff-stages(1) Manual Page
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267 <div class="sectionbody">
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268 <p>git-diff-stages -
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269 Compares content and mode of blobs between stages in an unmerged index file
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274 <div class="sectionbody">
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275 <p><em>git-diff-stages</em> [<common diff options>] <stage1> <stage2> [<path>…]</p>
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277 <h2>DESCRIPTION</h2>
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278 <div class="sectionbody">
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279 <p>Compares the content and mode of the blobs in two stages in an
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280 unmerged index file.</p>
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283 <div class="sectionbody">
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290 Generate patch (see section on generating patches)
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306 \0 line termination on output
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314 Show only names of changed files.
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322 Show only names and status of changed files.
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330 Instead of the first handful characters, show full
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331 object name of pre- and post-image blob on the "index"
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332 line when generating a patch format output.
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336 --abbrev[=<n>]
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340 Instead of showing the full 40-byte hexadecimal object
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341 name in diff-raw format output and diff-tree header
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342 lines, show only handful hexdigits prefix. This is
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343 independent of --full-index option above, which controls
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344 the diff-patch output format. Non default number of
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345 digits can be specified with --abbrev=<n>.
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353 Break complete rewrite changes into pairs of delete and create.
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369 Detect copies as well as renames.
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373 --diff-filter=[ACDMRTUXB*]
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377 Select only files that are Added (<tt>A</tt>), Copied (<tt>C</tt>),
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378 Deleted (<tt>D</tt>), Modified (<tt>M</tt>), Renamed (<tt>R</tt>), have their
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379 type (mode) changed (<tt>T</tt>), are Unmerged (<tt>U</tt>), are
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380 Unknown (<tt>X</tt>), or have had their pairing Broken (<tt>B</tt>).
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381 Any combination of the filter characters may be used.
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382 When <tt>*</tt> (All-or-none) is added to the combination, all
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383 paths are selected if there is any file that matches
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384 other criteria in the comparison; if there is no file
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385 that matches other criteria, nothing is selected.
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389 --find-copies-harder
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393 For performance reasons, by default, -C option finds copies only
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394 if the original file of the copy was modified in the same
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395 changeset. This flag makes the command
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396 inspect unmodified files as candidates for the source of
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397 copy. This is a very expensive operation for large
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398 projects, so use it with caution.
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406 -M and -C options require O(n^2) processing time where n
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407 is the number of potential rename/copy targets. This
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408 option prevents rename/copy detection from running if
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409 the number of rename/copy targets exceeds the specified
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418 Look for differences that contain the change in <string>.
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426 When -S finds a change, show all the changes in that
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427 changeset, not just the files that contain the change
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432 -O<orderfile>
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436 Output the patch in the order specified in the
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437 <orderfile>, which has one shell glob pattern per line.
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445 Swap two inputs; that is, show differences from index or
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446 on-disk file to tree contents.
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450 <p>For more detailed explanation on these common options, see also
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451 <a href="diffcore.html">diffcore documentation</a>.</p>
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454 <stage1>,<stage2>
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458 The stage number to be compared.
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463 <h2>Output format</h2>
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464 <div class="sectionbody">
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465 <p>The output format from "git-diff-index", "git-diff-tree" and
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466 "git-diff-files" are very similar.</p>
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467 <p>These commands all compare two sets of things; what is
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468 compared differs:</p>
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471 git-diff-index <tree-ish>
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475 compares the <tree-ish> and the files on the filesystem.
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479 git-diff-index --cached <tree-ish>
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483 compares the <tree-ish> and the index.
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487 git-diff-tree [-r] <tree-ish-1> <tree-ish-2> [<pattern>…]
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491 compares the trees named by the two arguments.
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495 git-diff-files [<pattern>…]
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499 compares the index and the files on the filesystem.
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503 <p>An output line is formatted this way:</p>
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504 <div class="listingblock">
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505 <div class="content">
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506 <pre><tt>in-place edit :100644 100644 bcd1234... 0123456... M file0
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507 copy-edit :100644 100644 abcd123... 1234567... C68 file1 file2
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508 rename-edit :100644 100644 abcd123... 1234567... R86 file1 file3
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509 create :000000 100644 0000000... 1234567... A file4
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510 delete :100644 000000 1234567... 0000000... D file5
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511 unmerged :000000 000000 0000000... 0000000... U file6</tt></pre>
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513 <p>That is, from the left to the right:</p>
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522 mode for "src"; 000000 if creation or unmerged.
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532 mode for "dst"; 000000 if deletion or unmerged.
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542 sha1 for "src"; 0{40} if creation or unmerged.
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552 sha1 for "dst"; 0{40} if creation, unmerged or "look at work tree".
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562 status, followed by optional "score" number.
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567 a tab or a NUL when <em>-z</em> option is used.
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577 a tab or a NUL when <em>-z</em> option is used; only exists for C or R.
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582 path for "dst"; only exists for C or R.
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587 an LF or a NUL when <em>-z</em> option is used, to terminate the record.
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591 <p><sha1> is shown as all 0's if a file is new on the filesystem
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592 and it is out of sync with the index.</p>
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594 <div class="listingblock">
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595 <div class="content">
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596 <pre><tt>:100644 100644 5be4a4...... 000000...... M file.c</tt></pre>
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598 <p>When <tt>-z</tt> option is not used, TAB, LF, and backslash characters
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599 in pathnames are represented as <tt>\t</tt>, <tt>\n</tt>, and <tt>\\</tt>,
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602 <h2>Generating patches with -p</h2>
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603 <div class="sectionbody">
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604 <p>When "git-diff-index", "git-diff-tree", or "git-diff-files" are run
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605 with a <em>-p</em> option, they do not produce the output described above;
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606 instead they produce a patch file.</p>
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607 <p>The patch generation can be customized at two levels.</p>
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611 When the environment variable <em>GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF</em> is not set,
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612 these commands internally invoke "diff" like this:
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614 <div class="literalblock">
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615 <div class="content">
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616 <pre><tt>diff -L a/<path> -L b/<path> -pu <old> <new></tt></pre>
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618 <p>For added files, <tt>/dev/null</tt> is used for <old>. For removed
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619 files, <tt>/dev/null</tt> is used for <new></p>
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620 <p>The "diff" formatting options can be customized via the
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621 environment variable <em>GIT_DIFF_OPTS</em>. For example, if you
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622 prefer context diff:</p>
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623 <div class="literalblock">
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624 <div class="content">
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625 <pre><tt>GIT_DIFF_OPTS=-c git-diff-index -p HEAD</tt></pre>
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630 When the environment variable <em>GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF</em> is set, the
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631 program named by it is called, instead of the diff invocation
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634 <p>For a path that is added, removed, or modified,
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635 <em>GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF</em> is called with 7 parameters:</p>
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636 <div class="literalblock">
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637 <div class="content">
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638 <pre><tt>path old-file old-hex old-mode new-file new-hex new-mode</tt></pre>
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641 <div class="hlist"><table>
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643 <td class="hlist1">
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644 <old|new>-file
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646 <td class="hlist2">
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647 are files GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF can use to read the
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648 contents of <old|new>,
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652 <td class="hlist1">
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653 <old|new>-hex
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655 <td class="hlist2">
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656 are the 40-hexdigit SHA1 hashes,
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660 <td class="hlist1">
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661 <old|new>-mode
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663 <td class="hlist2">
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664 are the octal representation of the file modes.
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668 <p>The file parameters can point at the user's working file
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669 (e.g. <tt>new-file</tt> in "git-diff-files"), <tt>/dev/null</tt> (e.g. <tt>old-file</tt>
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670 when a new file is added), or a temporary file (e.g. <tt>old-file</tt> in the
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671 index). <em>GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF</em> should not worry about unlinking the
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672 temporary file --- it is removed when <em>GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF</em> exits.</p>
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675 <p>For a path that is unmerged, <em>GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF</em> is called with 1
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676 parameter, <path>.</p>
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678 <h2>git specific extension to diff format</h2>
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679 <div class="sectionbody">
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680 <p>What -p option produces is slightly different from the
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681 traditional diff format.</p>
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685 It is preceded with a "git diff" header, that looks like
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688 <div class="literalblock">
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689 <div class="content">
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690 <pre><tt>diff --git a/file1 b/file2</tt></pre>
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692 <p>The <tt>a/</tt> and <tt>b/</tt> filenames are the same unless rename/copy is
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693 involved. Especially, even for a creation or a deletion,
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694 <tt>/dev/null</tt> is _not_ used in place of <tt>a/</tt> or <tt>b/</tt> filenames.</p>
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695 <p>When rename/copy is involved, <tt>file1</tt> and <tt>file2</tt> show the
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696 name of the source file of the rename/copy and the name of
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697 the file that rename/copy produces, respectively.</p>
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701 It is followed by one or more extended header lines:
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703 <div class="literalblock">
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704 <div class="content">
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705 <pre><tt>old mode <mode>
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706 new mode <mode>
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707 deleted file mode <mode>
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708 new file mode <mode>
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709 copy from <path>
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710 copy to <path>
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711 rename from <path>
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712 rename to <path>
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713 similarity index <number>
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714 dissimilarity index <number>
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715 index <hash>..<hash> <mode></tt></pre>
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720 TAB, LF, and backslash characters in pathnames are
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721 represented as <tt>\t</tt>, <tt>\n</tt>, and <tt>\\</tt>, respectively.
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726 <h2>combined diff format</h2>
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727 <div class="sectionbody">
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728 <p>git-diff-tree and git-diff-files can take <em>-c</em> or <em>--cc</em> option
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729 to produce <em>combined diff</em>, which looks like this:</p>
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730 <div class="listingblock">
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731 <div class="content">
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732 <pre><tt>diff --combined describe.c
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734 return (a_date > b_date) ? -1 : (a_date == b_date) ? 0 : 1;
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737 - static void describe(char *arg)
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738 -static void describe(struct commit *cmit, int last_one)
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739 ++static void describe(char *arg, int last_one)
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741 + unsigned char sha1[20];
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742 + struct commit *cmit;</tt></pre>
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744 <p>Unlike the traditional <em>unified</em> diff format, which shows two
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745 files A and B with a single column that has <tt>-</tt> (minus —
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746 appears in A but removed in B), <tt>+</tt> (plus — missing in A but
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747 added to B), or <tt> </tt> (space — unchanged) prefix, this format
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748 compares two or more files file1, file2,… with one file X, and
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749 shows how X differs from each of fileN. One column for each of
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750 fileN is prepended to the output line to note how X's line is
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751 different from it.</p>
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752 <p>A <tt>-</tt> character in the column N means that the line appears in
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753 fileN but it does not appear in the last file. A <tt>+</tt> character
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754 in the column N means that the line appears in the last file,
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755 and fileN does not have that line.</p>
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756 <p>In the above example output, the function signature was changed
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757 from both files (hence two <tt>-</tt> removals from both file1 and
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758 file2, plus <tt>++</tt> to mean one line that was added does not appear
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759 in either file1 nor file2). Also two other lines are the same
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760 from file1 but do not appear in file2 (hence prefixed with <tt> +</tt>).</p>
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761 <p>When shown by <tt>git diff-tree -c</tt>, it compares the parents of a
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762 merge commit with the merge result (i.e. file1..fileN are the
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763 parents). When shown by <tt>git diff-files -c</tt>, it compares the
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764 two unresolved merge parents with the working tree file
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765 (i.e. file1 is stage 2 aka "our version", file2 is stage 3 aka
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766 "their version").</p>
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769 <div class="sectionbody">
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770 <p>Written by Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net></p>
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772 <h2>Documentation</h2>
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773 <div class="sectionbody">
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774 <p>Documentation by Junio C Hamano.</p>
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777 <div class="sectionbody">
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778 <p>Part of the <a href="git.html">git(7)</a> suite</p>
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781 <div id="footer-text">
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782 Last updated 10-Mar-2006 00:31:24 UTC
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