src/liboping.c

   1 /**
   2  * Object oriented C module to send ICMP and ICMPv6 `echo's.
   3  * Copyright (C) 2006-2008  Florian octo Forster <octo at verplant.org>
   4  *
   5  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
   6  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   7  * the Free Software Foundation; only version 2 of the License is
   8  * applicable.
   9  *
  10  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  11  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  12  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  13  * GNU General Public License for more details.
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  16  * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
  17  * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA
  18  */
  19
  20 #if HAVE_CONFIG_H
  21 # include <config.h>
  22 #endif
  23
  24 #if STDC_HEADERS
  25 # include <stdlib.h>
  26 # include <stdio.h>
  27 # include <string.h>
  28 # include <errno.h>
  29 # include <assert.h>
  30 #else
  31 # error "You don't have the standard C99 header files installed"
  32 #endif /* STDC_HEADERS */
  33
  34 #if HAVE_UNISTD_H
  35 # include <unistd.h>
  36 #endif
  37
  38 #if HAVE_FCNTL_H
  39 # include <fcntl.h>
  40 #endif
  41 #if HAVE_SYS_TYPES_H
  42 # include <sys/types.h>
  43 #endif
  44 #if HAVE_SYS_STAT_H
  45 # include <sys/stat.h>
  46 #endif
  47
  48 #if TIME_WITH_SYS_TIME
  49 # include <sys/time.h>
  50 # include <time.h>
  51 #else
  52 # if HAVE_SYS_TIME_H
  53 #  include <sys/time.h>
  54 # else
  55 #  include <time.h>
  56 # endif
  57 #endif
  58
  59 #if HAVE_SYS_SOCKET_H
  60 # include <sys/socket.h>
  61 #endif
  62 #if HAVE_NETDB_H
  63 # include <netdb.h>
  64 #endif
  65
  66 #if HAVE_NETINET_IN_SYSTM_H
  67 # include <netinet/in_systm.h>
  68 #endif
  69 #if HAVE_NETINET_IN_H
  70 # include <netinet/in.h>
  71 #endif
  72 #if HAVE_NETINET_IP_H
  73 # include <netinet/ip.h>
  74 #endif
  75 #if HAVE_NETINET_IP_ICMP_H
  76 # include <netinet/ip_icmp.h>
  77 #endif
  78 #ifdef HAVE_NETINET_IP_VAR_H
  79 # include <netinet/ip_var.h>
  80 #endif
  81 #if HAVE_NETINET_IP6_H
  82 # include <netinet/ip6.h>
  83 #endif
  84 #if HAVE_NETINET_ICMP6_H
  85 # include <netinet/icmp6.h>
  86 #endif
  87
  88 #include "oping.h"
  89
  90 #if WITH_DEBUG
  91 # define dprintf(...) printf ("%s[%4i]: %-20s: ", __FILE__, __LINE__, __FUNCTION__); printf (__VA_ARGS__)
  92 #else
  93 # define dprintf(...) /**/
  94 #endif
  95
  96 #define PING_ERRMSG_LEN 256
  97
  98 struct pinghost
  99 {
 100         /* username: name passed in by the user */
 101         char                    *username;
 102         /* hostname: name returned by the reverse lookup */
 103         char                    *hostname;
 104         struct sockaddr_storage *addr;
 105         socklen_t                addrlen;
 106         int                      addrfamily;
 107         int                      fd;
 108         int                      ident;
 109         int                      sequence;
 110         struct timeval          *timer;
 111         double                   latency;
 112         char                    *data;
 113
 114         void                    *context;
 115
 116         struct pinghost         *next;
 117 };
 118
 119 struct pingobj
 120 {
 121         double                   timeout;
 122         int                      ttl;
 123         int                      addrfamily;
 124         char                    *data;
 125
 126         struct sockaddr_storage *srcaddr;
 127         socklen_t                srcaddrlen;
 128
 129         char                     errmsg[PING_ERRMSG_LEN];
 130
 131         pinghost_t              *head;
 132 };
 133
 134 /*
 135  * private (static) functions
 136  */
 137 static void ping_set_error (pingobj_t *obj, const char *function,
 138                 const char *message)
 139 {
 140         snprintf (obj->errmsg, PING_ERRMSG_LEN, "%s: %s", function, message);
 141         obj->errmsg[PING_ERRMSG_LEN - 1] = '\0';
 142 }
 143
 144 static int ping_timeval_add (struct timeval *tv1, struct timeval *tv2,
 145                 struct timeval *res)
 146 {
 147         res->tv_sec  = tv1->tv_sec  + tv2->tv_sec;
 148         res->tv_usec = tv1->tv_usec + tv2->tv_usec;
 149
 150         while (res->tv_usec > 1000000)
 151         {
 152                 res->tv_usec -= 1000000;
 153                 res->tv_sec++;
 154         }
 155
 156         return (0);
 157 }
 158
 159 static int ping_timeval_sub (struct timeval *tv1, struct timeval *tv2,
 160                 struct timeval *res)
 161 {
 162
 163         if ((tv1->tv_sec < tv2->tv_sec)
 164                         || ((tv1->tv_sec == tv2->tv_sec)
 165                                 && (tv1->tv_usec < tv2->tv_usec)))
 166                 return (-1);
 167
 168         res->tv_sec  = tv1->tv_sec  - tv2->tv_sec;
 169         res->tv_usec = tv1->tv_usec - tv2->tv_usec;
 170
 171         assert ((res->tv_sec > 0) || ((res->tv_sec == 0) && (res->tv_usec > 0)));
 172
 173         while (res->tv_usec < 0)
 174         {
 175                 res->tv_usec += 1000000;
 176                 res->tv_sec--;
 177         }
 178
 179         return (0);
 180 }
 181
 182 static uint16_t ping_icmp4_checksum (char *buf, size_t len)
 183 {
 184         uint32_t sum = 0;
 185         uint16_t ret = 0;
 186
 187         uint16_t *ptr;
 188
 189         for (ptr = (uint16_t *) buf; len > 1; ptr++, len -= 2)
 190                 sum += *ptr;
 191
 192         if (len == 1)
 193         {
 194                 *(char *) &ret = *(char *) ptr;
 195                 sum += ret;
 196         }
 197
 198         /* Do this twice to get all possible carries.. */
 199         sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xFFFF);
 200         sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xFFFF);
 201
 202         ret = ~sum;
 203
 204         return (ret);
 205 }
 206
 207 static pinghost_t *ping_receive_ipv4 (pinghost_t *ph, char *buffer, size_t buffer_len)
 208 {
 209         struct ip *ip_hdr;
 210         struct icmp *icmp_hdr;
 211
 212         size_t ip_hdr_len;
 213
 214         uint16_t recv_checksum;
 215         uint16_t calc_checksum;
 216
 217         uint16_t ident;
 218         uint16_t seq;
 219
 220         pinghost_t *ptr;
 221
 222         if (buffer_len < sizeof (struct ip))
 223                 return (NULL);
 224
 225         ip_hdr     = (struct ip *) buffer;
 226         ip_hdr_len = ip_hdr->ip_hl << 2;
 227
 228         if (buffer_len < ip_hdr_len)
 229                 return (NULL);
 230
 231         buffer     += ip_hdr_len;
 232         buffer_len -= ip_hdr_len;
 233
 234         if (buffer_len < sizeof (struct icmp))
 235                 return (NULL);
 236
 237         icmp_hdr = (struct icmp *) buffer;
 238         buffer     += sizeof (struct icmp);
 239         buffer_len -= sizeof (struct icmp);
 240
 241         if (icmp_hdr->icmp_type != ICMP_ECHOREPLY)
 242         {
 243                 dprintf ("Unexpected ICMP type: %i\n", icmp_hdr->icmp_type);
 244                 return (NULL);
 245         }
 246
 247         recv_checksum = icmp_hdr->icmp_cksum;
 248         icmp_hdr->icmp_cksum = 0;
 249         calc_checksum = ping_icmp4_checksum ((char *) icmp_hdr,
 250                         sizeof (struct icmp) + buffer_len);
 251
 252         if (recv_checksum != calc_checksum)
 253         {
 254                 dprintf ("Checksum missmatch: Got 0x%04x, calculated 0x%04x\n",
 255                                 recv_checksum, calc_checksum);
 256                 return (NULL);
 257         }
 258
 259         ident = ntohs (icmp_hdr->icmp_id);
 260         seq   = ntohs (icmp_hdr->icmp_seq);
 261
 262         for (ptr = ph; ptr != NULL; ptr = ptr->next)
 263         {
 264                 dprintf ("hostname = %s, ident = 0x%04x, seq = %i\n",
 265                                 ptr->hostname, ptr->ident, ((ptr->sequence - 1) & 0xFFFF));
 266
 267                 if (ptr->addrfamily != AF_INET)
 268                         continue;
 269
 270                 if (!timerisset (ptr->timer))
 271                         continue;
 272
 273                 if (ptr->ident != ident)
 274                         continue;
 275
 276                 if (((ptr->sequence - 1) & 0xFFFF) != seq)
 277                         continue;
 278
 279                 dprintf ("Match found: hostname = %s, ident = 0x%04x, seq = %i\n",
 280                                 ptr->hostname, ident, seq);
 281
 282                 break;
 283         }
 284
 285         if (ptr == NULL)
 286         {
 287                 dprintf ("No match found for ident = 0x%04x, seq = %i\n",
 288                                 ident, seq);
 289         }
 290
 291         return (ptr);
 292 }
 293
 294 static pinghost_t *ping_receive_ipv6 (pinghost_t *ph, char *buffer, size_t buffer_len)
 295 {
 296         struct icmp6_hdr *icmp_hdr;
 297
 298         uint16_t ident;
 299         uint16_t seq;
 300
 301         pinghost_t *ptr;
 302
 303         if (buffer_len < sizeof (struct icmp6_hdr))
 304                 return (NULL);
 305
 306         icmp_hdr = (struct icmp6_hdr *) buffer;
 307         buffer     += sizeof (struct icmp);
 308         buffer_len -= sizeof (struct icmp);
 309
 310         if (icmp_hdr->icmp6_type != ICMP6_ECHO_REPLY)
 311         {
 312                 dprintf ("Unexpected ICMP type: %02x\n", icmp_hdr->icmp6_type);
 313                 return (NULL);
 314         }
 315
 316         if (icmp_hdr->icmp6_code != 0)
 317         {
 318                 dprintf ("Unexpected ICMP code: %02x\n", icmp_hdr->icmp6_code);
 319                 return (NULL);
 320         }
 321
 322         ident = ntohs (icmp_hdr->icmp6_id);
 323         seq   = ntohs (icmp_hdr->icmp6_seq);
 324
 325         for (ptr = ph; ptr != NULL; ptr = ptr->next)
 326         {
 327                 dprintf ("hostname = %s, ident = 0x%04x, seq = %i\n",
 328                                 ptr->hostname, ptr->ident, ((ptr->sequence - 1) & 0xFFFF));
 329
 330                 if (ptr->addrfamily != AF_INET6)
 331                         continue;
 332
 333                 if (!timerisset (ptr->timer))
 334                         continue;
 335
 336                 if (ptr->ident != ident)
 337                         continue;
 338
 339                 if (((ptr->sequence - 1) & 0xFFFF) != seq)
 340                         continue;
 341
 342                 dprintf ("Match found: hostname = %s, ident = 0x%04x, seq = %i\n",
 343                                 ptr->hostname, ident, seq);
 344
 345                 break;
 346         }
 347
 348         if (ptr == NULL)
 349         {
 350                 dprintf ("No match found for ident = 0x%04x, seq = %i\n",
 351                                 ident, seq);
 352         }
 353
 354         return (ptr);
 355 }
 356
 357 static int ping_receive_one (int fd, pinghost_t *ph, struct timeval *now)
 358 {
 359         char   buffer[4096];
 360         size_t buffer_len;
 361
 362         struct timeval diff;
 363
 364         pinghost_t *host = NULL;
 365
 366         struct sockaddr_storage sa;
 367         socklen_t               sa_len;
 368
 369         sa_len = sizeof (sa);
 370
 371         buffer_len = recvfrom (fd, buffer, sizeof (buffer), 0,
 372                         (struct sockaddr *) &sa, &sa_len);
 373         if (buffer_len == -1)
 374         {
 375                 dprintf ("recvfrom: %s\n", strerror (errno));
 376                 return (-1);
 377         }
 378
 379         dprintf ("Read %u bytes from fd = %i\n", (unsigned int) buffer_len, fd);
 380
 381         if (sa.ss_family == AF_INET)
 382         {
 383                 if ((host = ping_receive_ipv4 (ph, buffer, buffer_len)) == NULL)
 384                         return (-1);
 385         }
 386         else if (sa.ss_family == AF_INET6)
 387         {
 388                 if ((host = ping_receive_ipv6 (ph, buffer, buffer_len)) == NULL)
 389                         return (-1);
 390         }
 391
 392         dprintf ("rcvd: %12i.%06i\n",
 393                         (int) now->tv_sec,
 394                         (int) now->tv_usec);
 395         dprintf ("sent: %12i.%06i\n",
 396                         (int) host->timer->tv_sec,
 397                         (int) host->timer->tv_usec);
 398
 399         if (ping_timeval_sub (now, host->timer, &diff) < 0)
 400         {
 401                 timerclear (host->timer);
 402                 return (-1);
 403         }
 404
 405         dprintf ("diff: %12i.%06i\n",
 406                         (int) diff.tv_sec,
 407                         (int) diff.tv_usec);
 408
 409         host->latency  = ((double) diff.tv_usec) / 1000.0;
 410         host->latency += ((double) diff.tv_sec)  * 1000.0;
 411
 412         timerclear (host->timer);
 413
 414         return (0);
 415 }
 416
 417 static int ping_receive_all (pingobj_t *obj)
 418 {
 419         fd_set readfds;
 420         int num_readfds;
 421         int max_readfds;
 422
 423         pinghost_t *ph;
 424         pinghost_t *ptr;
 425
 426         struct timeval endtime;
 427         struct timeval nowtime;
 428         struct timeval timeout;
 429         int status;
 430
 431         int ret;
 432
 433         ph = obj->head;
 434         ret = 0;
 435
 436         for (ptr = ph; ptr != NULL; ptr = ptr->next)
 437                 ptr->latency = -1.0;
 438
 439         if (gettimeofday (&nowtime, NULL) == -1)
 440         {
 441                 ping_set_error (obj, "gettimeofday", strerror (errno));
 442                 return (-1);
 443         }
 444
 445         /* Set up timeout */
 446         timeout.tv_sec = (time_t) obj->timeout;
 447         timeout.tv_usec = (suseconds_t) (1000000 * (obj->timeout - ((double) timeout.tv_sec)));
 448
 449         dprintf ("Set timeout to %i.%06i seconds\n",
 450                         (int) timeout.tv_sec,
 451                         (int) timeout.tv_usec);
 452
 453         ping_timeval_add (&nowtime, &timeout, &endtime);
 454
 455         while (1)
 456         {
 457                 FD_ZERO (&readfds);
 458                 num_readfds =  0;
 459                 max_readfds = -1;
 460
 461                 for (ptr = ph; ptr != NULL; ptr = ptr->next)
 462                 {
 463                         if (!timerisset (ptr->timer))
 464                                 continue;
 465
 466                         FD_SET (ptr->fd, &readfds);
 467                         num_readfds++;
 468
 469                         if (max_readfds < ptr->fd)
 470                                 max_readfds = ptr->fd;
 471                 }
 472
 473                 if (num_readfds == 0)
 474                         break;
 475
 476                 if (gettimeofday (&nowtime, NULL) == -1)
 477                 {
 478                         ping_set_error (obj, "gettimeofday", strerror (errno));
 479                         return (-1);
 480                 }
 481
 482                 if (ping_timeval_sub (&endtime, &nowtime, &timeout) == -1)
 483                         break;
 484
 485                 dprintf ("Waiting on %i sockets for %i.%06i seconds\n", num_readfds,
 486                                 (int) timeout.tv_sec,
 487                                 (int) timeout.tv_usec);
 488
 489                 status = select (max_readfds + 1, &readfds, NULL, NULL, &timeout);
 490
 491                 if (gettimeofday (&nowtime, NULL) == -1)
 492                 {
 493                         ping_set_error (obj, "gettimeofday", strerror (errno));
 494                         return (-1);
 495                 }
 496
 497                 if ((status == -1) && (errno == EINTR))
 498                 {
 499                         dprintf ("select was interrupted by signal..\n");
 500                         continue;
 501                 }
 502                 else if (status < 0)
 503                 {
 504                         dprintf ("select: %s\n", strerror (errno));
 505                         break;
 506                 }
 507                 else if (status == 0)
 508                 {
 509                         dprintf ("select timed out\n");
 510                         break;
 511                 }
 512
 513                 for (ptr = ph; ptr != NULL; ptr = ptr->next)
 514                 {
 515                         if (FD_ISSET (ptr->fd, &readfds))
 516                                 if (ping_receive_one (ptr->fd, ph, &nowtime) == 0)
 517                                         ret++;
 518                 }
 519         } /* while (1) */
 520
 521         return (ret);
 522 }
 523
 524 /* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
 525  * Sending functions:                                                        *
 526  *                                                                           *
 527  * ping_send_all                                                             *
 528  * +-> ping_send_one_ipv4                                                    *
 529  * `-> ping_send_one_ipv6                                                    *
 530  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * */
 531 static ssize_t ping_sendto (pingobj_t *obj, pinghost_t *ph,
 532                 const void *buf, size_t buflen)
 533 {
 534         ssize_t ret;
 535
 536         if (gettimeofday (ph->timer, NULL) == -1)
 537         {
 538                 timerclear (ph->timer);
 539                 return (-1);
 540         }
 541
 542         ret = sendto (ph->fd, buf, buflen, 0,
 543                         (struct sockaddr *) ph->addr, ph->addrlen);
 544
 545         if (ret < 0)
 546         {
 547 #if defined(EHOSTUNREACH)
 548                 if (errno == EHOSTUNREACH)
 549                         return (0);
 550 #endif
 551 #if defined(ENETUNREACH)
 552                 if (errno == ENETUNREACH)
 553                         return (0);
 554 #endif
 555                 ping_set_error (obj, "sendto", strerror (errno));
 556         }
 557
 558         return (ret);
 559 }
 560
 561 static int ping_send_one_ipv4 (pingobj_t *obj, pinghost_t *ph)
 562 {
 563         struct icmp *icmp4;
 564         int status;
 565
 566         char buf[4096];
 567         int  buflen;
 568
 569         char *data;
 570         int   datalen;
 571
 572         dprintf ("ph->hostname = %s\n", ph->hostname);
 573
 574         memset (buf, '\0', sizeof (buf));
 575         icmp4 = (struct icmp *) buf;
 576         data  = (char *) (icmp4 + 1);
 577
 578         icmp4->icmp_type  = ICMP_ECHO;
 579         icmp4->icmp_code  = 0;
 580         icmp4->icmp_cksum = 0;
 581         icmp4->icmp_id    = htons (ph->ident);
 582         icmp4->icmp_seq   = htons (ph->sequence);
 583
 584         buflen = 4096 - sizeof (struct icmp);
 585         strncpy (data, ph->data, buflen);
 586         datalen = strlen (data);
 587
 588         buflen = datalen + sizeof (struct icmp);
 589
 590         icmp4->icmp_cksum = ping_icmp4_checksum (buf, buflen);
 591
 592         dprintf ("Sending ICMPv4 package with ID 0x%04x\n", ph->ident);
 593
 594         status = ping_sendto (obj, ph, buf, buflen);
 595         if (status < 0)
 596         {
 597                 perror ("ping_sendto");
 598                 return (-1);
 599         }
 600
 601         dprintf ("sendto: status = %i\n", status);
 602
 603         return (0);
 604 }
 605
 606 static int ping_send_one_ipv6 (pingobj_t *obj, pinghost_t *ph)
 607 {
 608         struct icmp6_hdr *icmp6;
 609         int status;
 610
 611         char buf[4096];
 612         int  buflen;
 613
 614         char *data;
 615         int   datalen;
 616
 617         dprintf ("ph->hostname = %s\n", ph->hostname);
 618
 619         memset (buf, '\0', sizeof (buf));
 620         icmp6 = (struct icmp6_hdr *) buf;
 621         data  = (char *) (icmp6 + 1);
 622
 623         icmp6->icmp6_type  = ICMP6_ECHO_REQUEST;
 624         icmp6->icmp6_code  = 0;
 625         /* The checksum will be calculated by the TCP/IP stack.  */
 626         /* FIXME */
 627         icmp6->icmp6_cksum = 0;
 628         icmp6->icmp6_id    = htons (ph->ident);
 629         icmp6->icmp6_seq   = htons (ph->sequence);
 630
 631         buflen = 4096 - sizeof (struct icmp6_hdr);
 632         strncpy (data, ph->data, buflen);
 633         datalen = strlen (data);
 634
 635         buflen = datalen + sizeof (struct icmp6_hdr);
 636
 637         dprintf ("Sending ICMPv6 package with ID 0x%04x\n", ph->ident);
 638
 639         status = ping_sendto (obj, ph, buf, buflen);
 640         if (status < 0)
 641         {
 642                 perror ("ping_sendto");
 643                 return (-1);
 644         }
 645
 646         dprintf ("sendto: status = %i\n", status);
 647
 648         return (0);
 649 }
 650
 651 static int ping_send_all (pingobj_t *obj)
 652 {
 653         pinghost_t *ph;
 654         pinghost_t *ptr;
 655
 656         int ret;
 657
 658         ret = 0;
 659         ph = obj->head;
 660
 661         for (ptr = ph; ptr != NULL; ptr = ptr->next)
 662         {
 663                 /* start timer.. The GNU `ping6' starts the timer before
 664                  * sending the packet, so I will do that too */
 665                 if (gettimeofday (ptr->timer, NULL) == -1)
 666                 {
 667                         dprintf ("gettimeofday: %s\n", strerror (errno));
 668                         timerclear (ptr->timer);
 669                         ret--;
 670                         continue;
 671                 }
 672                 else
 673                 {
 674                         dprintf ("timer set for hostname = %s\n", ptr->hostname);
 675                 }
 676
 677                 if (ptr->addrfamily == AF_INET6)
 678                 {
 679                         dprintf ("Sending ICMPv6 echo request to `%s'\n", ptr->hostname);
 680                         if (ping_send_one_ipv6 (obj, ptr) != 0)
 681                         {
 682                                 timerclear (ptr->timer);
 683                                 ret--;
 684                                 continue;
 685                         }
 686                 }
 687                 else if (ptr->addrfamily == AF_INET)
 688                 {
 689                         dprintf ("Sending ICMPv4 echo request to `%s'\n", ptr->hostname);
 690                         if (ping_send_one_ipv4 (obj, ptr) != 0)
 691                         {
 692                                 timerclear (ptr->timer);
 693                                 ret--;
 694                                 continue;
 695                         }
 696                 }
 697                 else /* this should not happen */
 698                 {
 699                         dprintf ("Unknown address family: %i\n", ptr->addrfamily);
 700                         timerclear (ptr->timer);
 701                         ret--;
 702                         continue;
 703                 }
 704
 705                 ptr->sequence++;
 706         }
 707
 708         return (ret);
 709 }
 710
 711 /*
 712  * Set the TTL of a socket protocol independently.
 713  */
 714 static int ping_set_ttl (pinghost_t *ph, int ttl)
 715 {
 716         int ret = -2;
 717
 718         if (ph->addrfamily == AF_INET)
 719         {
 720                 ret = setsockopt (ph->fd, IPPROTO_IP, IP_TTL, &ttl, sizeof (ttl));
 721         }
 722         else if (ph->addrfamily == AF_INET6)
 723         {
 724                 ret = setsockopt (ph->fd, IPPROTO_IPV6, IPV6_UNICAST_HOPS, &ttl, sizeof (ttl));
 725         }
 726
 727         return (ret);
 728 }
 729
 730 static int ping_get_ident (void)
 731 {
 732         int fd;
 733         static int did_seed = 0;
 734
 735         int retval;
 736
 737         if (did_seed == 0)
 738         {
 739                 if ((fd = open ("/dev/urandom", O_RDONLY)) != -1)
 740                 {
 741                         unsigned int seed;
 742
 743                         if (read (fd, &seed, sizeof (seed)) != -1)
 744                         {
 745                                 did_seed = 1;
 746                                 dprintf ("Random seed: %i\n", seed);
 747                                 srandom (seed);
 748                         }
 749
 750                         close (fd);
 751                 }
 752                 else
 753                 {
 754                         dprintf ("open (/dev/urandom): %s\n", strerror (errno));
 755                 }
 756         }
 757
 758         retval = (int) random ();
 759
 760         dprintf ("Random number: %i\n", retval);
 761
 762         return (retval);
 763 }
 764
 765 static pinghost_t *ping_alloc (void)
 766 {
 767         pinghost_t *ph;
 768         size_t      ph_size;
 769
 770         ph_size = sizeof (pinghost_t)
 771                 + sizeof (struct sockaddr_storage)
 772                 + sizeof (struct timeval);
 773
 774         ph = (pinghost_t *) malloc (ph_size);
 775         if (ph == NULL)
 776                 return (NULL);
 777
 778         memset (ph, '\0', ph_size);
 779
 780         ph->timer   = (struct timeval *) (ph + 1);
 781         ph->addr    = (struct sockaddr_storage *) (ph->timer + 1);
 782
 783         ph->addrlen = sizeof (struct sockaddr_storage);
 784         ph->fd      = -1;
 785         ph->latency = -1.0;
 786         ph->ident   = ping_get_ident () & 0xFFFF;
 787
 788         return (ph);
 789 }
 790
 791 static void ping_free (pinghost_t *ph)
 792 {
 793         if (ph->fd >= 0)
 794                 close (ph->fd);
 795
 796         if (ph->username != NULL)
 797                 free (ph->username);
 798
 799         if (ph->hostname != NULL)
 800                 free (ph->hostname);
 801
 802         if (ph->data != NULL)
 803                 free (ph->data);
 804
 805         free (ph);
 806 }
 807
 808 /*
 809  * public methods
 810  */
 811 const char *ping_get_error (pingobj_t *obj)
 812 {
 813         return (obj->errmsg);
 814 }
 815
 816 pingobj_t *ping_construct (void)
 817 {
 818         pingobj_t *obj;
 819
 820         if ((obj = (pingobj_t *) malloc (sizeof (pingobj_t))) == NULL)
 821                 return (NULL);
 822         memset (obj, '\0', sizeof (pingobj_t));
 823
 824         obj->timeout    = PING_DEF_TIMEOUT;
 825         obj->ttl        = PING_DEF_TTL;
 826         obj->addrfamily = PING_DEF_AF;
 827         obj->data       = strdup (PING_DEF_DATA);
 828
 829         return (obj);
 830 }
 831
 832 void ping_destroy (pingobj_t *obj)
 833 {
 834         pinghost_t *current;
 835         pinghost_t *next;
 836
 837         current = obj->head;
 838         next = NULL;
 839
 840         while (current != NULL)
 841         {
 842                 next = current->next;
 843                 ping_free (current);
 844                 current = next;
 845         }
 846
 847         if (obj->data != NULL)
 848                 free (obj->data);
 849
 850         if (obj->srcaddr != NULL)
 851                 free (obj->srcaddr);
 852
 853         free (obj);
 854
 855         return;
 856 }
 857
 858 int ping_setopt (pingobj_t *obj, int option, void *value)
 859 {
 860         int ret = 0;
 861
 862         switch (option)
 863         {
 864                 case PING_OPT_TIMEOUT:
 865                         obj->timeout = *((double *) value);
 866                         if (obj->timeout < 0.0)
 867                         {
 868                                 obj->timeout = PING_DEF_TIMEOUT;
 869                                 ret = -1;
 870                         }
 871                         break;
 872
 873                 case PING_OPT_TTL:
 874                         obj->ttl = *((int *) value);
 875                         if ((obj->ttl < 1) || (obj->ttl > 255))
 876                         {
 877                                 obj->ttl = PING_DEF_TTL;
 878                                 ret = -1;
 879                         }
 880                         break;
 881
 882                 case PING_OPT_AF:
 883                         obj->addrfamily = *((int *) value);
 884                         if ((obj->addrfamily != AF_UNSPEC)
 885                                         && (obj->addrfamily != AF_INET)
 886                                         && (obj->addrfamily != AF_INET6))
 887                         {
 888                                 obj->addrfamily = PING_DEF_AF;
 889                                 ret = -1;
 890                         }
 891                         if (obj->srcaddr != NULL)
 892                         {
 893                                 free (obj->srcaddr);
 894                                 obj->srcaddr = NULL;
 895                         }
 896                         break;
 897
 898                 case PING_OPT_DATA:
 899                         if (obj->data != NULL)
 900                         {
 901                                 free (obj->data);
 902                                 obj->data = NULL;
 903                         }
 904                         obj->data = strdup ((const char *) value);
 905                         break;
 906
 907                 case PING_OPT_SOURCE:
 908                 {
 909                         char            *hostname = (char *) value;
 910                         struct addrinfo  ai_hints;
 911                         struct addrinfo *ai_list;
 912                         int              status;
 913 #if WITH_DEBUG
 914                         if (obj->addrfamily != AF_UNSPEC)
 915                         {
 916                                 dprintf ("Resetting obj->addrfamily to AF_UNSPEC.\n");
 917                         }
 918 #endif
 919                         memset ((void *) &ai_hints, '\0', sizeof (ai_hints));
 920                         ai_hints.ai_family = obj->addrfamily = AF_UNSPEC;
 921 #if defined(AI_ADDRCONFIG)
 922                         ai_hints.ai_flags = AI_ADDRCONFIG;
 923 #endif
 924                         status = getaddrinfo (hostname, NULL, &ai_hints, &ai_list);
 925                         if (status != 0)
 926                         {
 927                                 ping_set_error (obj, "getaddrinfo",
 928                                                 status == EAI_SYSTEM
 929                                                 ? strerror (errno)
 930                                                 : gai_strerror (status));
 931                                 ret = -1;
 932                                 break;
 933                         }
 934 #if WITH_DEBUG
 935                         if (ai_list->ai_next != NULL)
 936                         {
 937                                 dprintf ("hostname = `%s' is ambiguous.\n", hostname);
 938                         }
 939 #endif
 940                         if (obj->srcaddr == NULL)
 941                         {
 942                                 obj->srcaddrlen = 0;
 943                                 obj->srcaddr = (struct sockaddr_storage *) malloc (sizeof (struct sockaddr_storage));
 944                                 if (obj->srcaddr == NULL)
 945                                 {
 946                                         ping_set_error (obj, "malloc",
 947                                                         strerror (errno));
 948                                         ret = -1;
 949                                         freeaddrinfo (ai_list);
 950                                         break;
 951                                 }
 952                         }
 953                         memset ((void *) obj->srcaddr, '\0', sizeof (struct sockaddr_storage));
 954                         assert (ai_list->ai_addrlen <= sizeof (struct sockaddr_storage));
 955                         memcpy ((void *) obj->srcaddr, (const void *) ai_list->ai_addr,
 956                                         ai_list->ai_addrlen);
 957                         obj->srcaddrlen = ai_list->ai_addrlen;
 958                         obj->addrfamily = ai_list->ai_family;
 959
 960                         freeaddrinfo (ai_list);
 961                 } /* case PING_OPT_SOURCE */
 962                 break;
 963
 964                 default:
 965                         ret = -2;
 966         } /* switch (option) */
 967
 968         return (ret);
 969 } /* int ping_setopt */
 970
 971
 972 int ping_send (pingobj_t *obj)
 973 {
 974         int ret;
 975
 976         if (ping_send_all (obj) < 0)
 977                 return (-1);
 978
 979         if ((ret = ping_receive_all (obj)) < 0)
 980                 return (-2);
 981
 982         return (ret);
 983 }
 984
 985 static pinghost_t *ping_host_search (pinghost_t *ph, const char *host)
 986 {
 987         while (ph != NULL)
 988         {
 989                 if (strcasecmp (ph->username, host) == 0)
 990                         break;
 991
 992                 ph = ph->next;
 993         }
 994
 995         return (ph);
 996 }
 997
 998 int ping_host_add (pingobj_t *obj, const char *host)
 999 {
1000         pinghost_t *ph;
1001
1002         struct sockaddr_storage sockaddr;
1003         socklen_t               sockaddr_len;
1004
1005         struct addrinfo  ai_hints;
1006         struct addrinfo *ai_list, *ai_ptr;
1007         int              ai_return;
1008
1009         dprintf ("host = %s\n", host);
1010
1011         if (ping_host_search (obj->head, host) != NULL)
1012                 return (0);
1013
1014         memset (&ai_hints, '\0', sizeof (ai_hints));
1015         ai_hints.ai_flags     = 0;
1016 #ifdef AI_ADDRCONFIG
1017         ai_hints.ai_flags    |= AI_ADDRCONFIG;
1018 #endif
1019 #ifdef AI_CANONNAME
1020         ai_hints.ai_flags    |= AI_CANONNAME;
1021 #endif
1022         ai_hints.ai_family    = obj->addrfamily;
1023         ai_hints.ai_socktype  = SOCK_RAW;
1024
1025         if ((ph = ping_alloc ()) == NULL)
1026         {
1027                 dprintf ("Out of memory!\n");
1028                 return (-1);
1029         }
1030
1031         if ((ph->username = strdup (host)) == NULL)
1032         {
1033                 dprintf ("Out of memory!\n");
1034                 ping_set_error (obj, "strdup", strerror (errno));
1035                 ping_free (ph);
1036                 return (-1);
1037         }
1038
1039         if ((ph->hostname = strdup (host)) == NULL)
1040         {
1041                 dprintf ("Out of memory!\n");
1042                 ping_set_error (obj, "strdup", strerror (errno));
1043                 ping_free (ph);
1044                 return (-1);
1045         }
1046
1047         /* obj->data is not garuanteed to be != NULL */
1048         if ((ph->data = strdup (obj->data == NULL ? PING_DEF_DATA : obj->data)) == NULL)
1049         {
1050                 dprintf ("Out of memory!\n");
1051                 ping_set_error (obj, "strdup", strerror (errno));
1052                 ping_free (ph);
1053                 return (-1);
1054         }
1055
1056         if ((ai_return = getaddrinfo (host, NULL, &ai_hints, &ai_list)) != 0)
1057         {
1058                 dprintf ("getaddrinfo failed\n");
1059                 ping_set_error (obj, "getaddrinfo",
1060                                 (ai_return == EAI_SYSTEM)
1061                                 ? strerror (errno)
1062                                 : gai_strerror (ai_return));
1063                 ping_free (ph);
1064                 return (-1);
1065         }
1066
1067         if (ai_list == NULL)
1068                 ping_set_error (obj, "getaddrinfo", "No hosts returned");
1069
1070         for (ai_ptr = ai_list; ai_ptr != NULL; ai_ptr = ai_ptr->ai_next)
1071         {
1072                 ph->fd = -1;
1073
1074                 sockaddr_len = sizeof (sockaddr);
1075                 memset (&sockaddr, '\0', sockaddr_len);
1076
1077                 if (ai_ptr->ai_family == AF_INET)
1078                 {
1079                         struct sockaddr_in *si;
1080
1081                         si = (struct sockaddr_in *) &sockaddr;
1082                         si->sin_family = AF_INET;
1083                         si->sin_port   = htons (ph->ident);
1084                         si->sin_addr.s_addr = htonl (INADDR_ANY);
1085
1086                         ai_ptr->ai_socktype = SOCK_RAW;
1087                         ai_ptr->ai_protocol = IPPROTO_ICMP;
1088                 }
1089                 else if (ai_ptr->ai_family == AF_INET6)
1090                 {
1091                         struct sockaddr_in6 *si;
1092
1093                         si = (struct sockaddr_in6 *) &sockaddr;
1094                         si->sin6_family = AF_INET6;
1095                         si->sin6_port   = htons (ph->ident);
1096                         si->sin6_addr   = in6addr_any;
1097
1098                         ai_ptr->ai_socktype = SOCK_RAW;
1099                         ai_ptr->ai_protocol = IPPROTO_ICMPV6;
1100                 }
1101                 else
1102                 {
1103                         char errmsg[PING_ERRMSG_LEN];
1104
1105                         snprintf (errmsg, PING_ERRMSG_LEN, "Unknown `ai_family': %i", ai_ptr->ai_family);
1106                         errmsg[PING_ERRMSG_LEN - 1] = '\0';
1107
1108                         dprintf (errmsg);
1109                         ping_set_error (obj, "getaddrinfo", errmsg);
1110                         continue;
1111                 }
1112
1113                 /* TODO: Move this to a static function `ping_open_socket' and
1114                  * call it whenever the socket dies. */
1115                 ph->fd = socket (ai_ptr->ai_family, ai_ptr->ai_socktype, ai_ptr->ai_protocol);
1116                 if (ph->fd == -1)
1117                 {
1118                         dprintf ("socket: %s\n", strerror (errno));
1119                         ping_set_error (obj, "socket", strerror (errno));
1120                         continue;
1121                 }
1122
1123                 if (obj->srcaddr != NULL)
1124                 {
1125                         assert (obj->srcaddrlen > 0);
1126                         assert (obj->srcaddrlen <= sizeof (struct sockaddr_storage));
1127
1128                         if (bind (ph->fd, (struct sockaddr *) obj->srcaddr, obj->srcaddrlen) == -1)
1129                         {
1130                                 dprintf ("bind: %s\n", strerror (errno));
1131                                 ping_set_error (obj, "bind", strerror (errno));
1132                                 close (ph->fd);
1133                                 ph->fd = -1;
1134                                 continue;
1135                         }
1136                 }
1137
1138                 assert (sizeof (struct sockaddr_storage) >= ai_ptr->ai_addrlen);
1139                 memset (ph->addr, '\0', sizeof (struct sockaddr_storage));
1140                 memcpy (ph->addr, ai_ptr->ai_addr, ai_ptr->ai_addrlen);
1141                 ph->addrlen = ai_ptr->ai_addrlen;
1142                 ph->addrfamily = ai_ptr->ai_family;
1143
1144 #ifdef AI_CANONNAME
1145                 if ((ai_ptr->ai_canonname != NULL)
1146                                 && (strcmp (ph->hostname, ai_ptr->ai_canonname) != 0))
1147                 {
1148                         char *old_hostname;
1149
1150                         dprintf ("ph->hostname = %s; ai_ptr->ai_canonname = %s;\n",
1151                                         ph->hostname, ai_ptr->ai_canonname);
1152
1153                         old_hostname = ph->hostname;
1154                         if ((ph->hostname = strdup (ai_ptr->ai_canonname)) == NULL)
1155                         {
1156                                 /* strdup failed, falling back to old hostname */
1157                                 ph->hostname = old_hostname;
1158                         }
1159                         else if (old_hostname != NULL)
1160                         {
1161                                 free (old_hostname);
1162                         }
1163                 }
1164 #endif /* AI_CANONNAME */
1165
1166                 break;
1167         }
1168
1169         freeaddrinfo (ai_list);
1170
1171         if (ph->fd < 0)
1172         {
1173                 ping_free (ph);
1174                 return (-1);
1175         }
1176
1177         /*
1178          * Adding in the front is much easier, but then the iterator will
1179          * return the host that was added last as first host. That's just not
1180          * nice. -octo
1181          */
1182         if (obj->head == NULL)
1183         {
1184                 obj->head = ph;
1185         }
1186         else
1187         {
1188                 pinghost_t *hptr;
1189
1190                 hptr = obj->head;
1191                 while (hptr->next != NULL)
1192                         hptr = hptr->next;
1193
1194                 assert ((hptr != NULL) && (hptr->next == NULL));
1195                 hptr->next = ph;
1196         }
1197
1198         ping_set_ttl (ph, obj->ttl);
1199
1200         return (0);
1201 }
1202
1203 int ping_host_remove (pingobj_t *obj, const char *host)
1204 {
1205         pinghost_t *pre, *cur;
1206
1207         pre = NULL;
1208         cur = obj->head;
1209
1210         while (cur != NULL)
1211         {
1212                 if (strcasecmp (host, cur->username) == 0)
1213                         break;
1214
1215                 pre = cur;
1216                 cur = cur->next;
1217         }
1218
1219         if (cur == NULL)
1220         {
1221                 ping_set_error (obj, "ping_host_remove", "Host not found");
1222                 return (-1);
1223         }
1224
1225         if (pre == NULL)
1226                 obj->head = cur->next;
1227         else
1228                 pre->next = cur->next;
1229
1230         ping_free (cur);
1231
1232         return (0);
1233 }
1234
1235 pingobj_iter_t *ping_iterator_get (pingobj_t *obj)
1236 {
1237         return ((pingobj_iter_t *) obj->head);
1238 }
1239
1240 pingobj_iter_t *ping_iterator_next (pingobj_iter_t *iter)
1241 {
1242         return ((pingobj_iter_t *) iter->next);
1243 }
1244
1245 int ping_iterator_get_info (pingobj_iter_t *iter, int info,
1246                 void *buffer, size_t *buffer_len)
1247 {
1248         int ret = EINVAL;
1249
1250         size_t orig_buffer_len = *buffer_len;
1251
1252         switch (info)
1253         {
1254                 case PING_INFO_USERNAME:
1255                         ret = ENOMEM;
1256                         *buffer_len = strlen (iter->username);
1257                         if (orig_buffer_len <= *buffer_len)
1258                                 break;
1259                         /* Since (orig_buffer_len > *buffer_len) `strncpy'
1260                          * will copy `*buffer_len' and pad the rest of
1261                          * `buffer' with null-bytes */
1262                         strncpy (buffer, iter->username, orig_buffer_len);
1263                         ret = 0;
1264                         break;
1265
1266                 case PING_INFO_HOSTNAME:
1267                         ret = ENOMEM;
1268                         *buffer_len = strlen (iter->hostname);
1269                         if (orig_buffer_len <= *buffer_len)
1270                                 break;
1271                         /* Since (orig_buffer_len > *buffer_len) `strncpy'
1272                          * will copy `*buffer_len' and pad the rest of
1273                          * `buffer' with null-bytes */
1274                         strncpy (buffer, iter->hostname, orig_buffer_len);
1275                         ret = 0;
1276                         break;
1277
1278                 case PING_INFO_ADDRESS:
1279                         ret = getnameinfo ((struct sockaddr *) iter->addr,
1280                                         iter->addrlen,
1281                                         (char *) buffer,
1282                                         *buffer_len,
1283                                         NULL, 0,
1284                                         NI_NUMERICHOST);
1285                         if (ret != 0)
1286                         {
1287                                 if ((ret == EAI_MEMORY)
1288 #ifdef EAI_OVERFLOW
1289                                                 || (ret == EAI_OVERFLOW)
1290 #endif
1291                                    )
1292                                         ret = ENOMEM;
1293                                 else if (ret == EAI_SYSTEM)
1294                                         ret = errno;
1295                                 else
1296                                         ret = EINVAL;
1297                         }
1298                         break;
1299
1300                 case PING_INFO_FAMILY:
1301                         ret = ENOMEM;
1302                         *buffer_len = sizeof (int);
1303                         if (orig_buffer_len < sizeof (int))
1304                                 break;
1305                         *((int *) buffer) = iter->addrfamily;
1306                         ret = 0;
1307                         break;
1308
1309                 case PING_INFO_LATENCY:
1310                         ret = ENOMEM;
1311                         *buffer_len = sizeof (double);
1312                         if (orig_buffer_len < sizeof (double))
1313                                 break;
1314                         *((double *) buffer) = iter->latency;
1315                         ret = 0;
1316                         break;
1317
1318                 case PING_INFO_SEQUENCE:
1319                         ret = ENOMEM;
1320                         *buffer_len = sizeof (unsigned int);
1321                         if (orig_buffer_len < sizeof (unsigned int))
1322                                 break;
1323                         *((unsigned int *) buffer) = (unsigned int) iter->sequence;
1324                         ret = 0;
1325                         break;
1326
1327                 case PING_INFO_IDENT:
1328                         ret = ENOMEM;
1329                         *buffer_len = sizeof (uint16_t);
1330                         if (orig_buffer_len < sizeof (uint16_t))
1331                                 break;
1332                         *((uint16_t *) buffer) = (uint16_t) iter->ident;
1333                         ret = 0;
1334                         break;
1335
1336                 case PING_INFO_DATA:
1337                         ret = ENOMEM;
1338                         *buffer_len = strlen (iter->data);
1339                         if (orig_buffer_len < *buffer_len)
1340                                 break;
1341                         strncpy ((char *) buffer, iter->data, orig_buffer_len);
1342                         ret = 0;
1343                         break;
1344         }
1345
1346         return (ret);
1347 }
1348
1349 void *ping_iterator_get_context (pingobj_iter_t *iter)
1350 {
1351         return (iter->context);
1352 }
1353
1354 void ping_iterator_set_context (pingobj_iter_t *iter, void *context)
1355 {
1356         iter->context = context;
1357 }