src/oping.c

   1 /**
   2  * Object oriented C module to send ICMP and ICMPv6 `echo's.
   3  * Copyright (C) 2006-2014  Florian octo Forster <ff at octo.it>
   4  *
   5  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
   6  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   7  * the Free Software Foundation; only version 2 of the License is
   8  * applicable.
   9  *
  10  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  11  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  12  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  13  * GNU General Public License for more details.
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  16  * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
  17  * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA
  18  */
  19
  20 #if HAVE_CONFIG_H
  21 # include <config.h>
  22 #endif
  23
  24 #if STDC_HEADERS
  25 # include <stdlib.h>
  26 # include <stdio.h>
  27 # include <string.h>
  28 # include <stdint.h>
  29 # include <inttypes.h>
  30 # include <errno.h>
  31 # include <assert.h>
  32 #else
  33 # error "You don't have the standard C99 header files installed"
  34 #endif /* STDC_HEADERS */
  35
  36 #if HAVE_UNISTD_H
  37 # include <unistd.h>
  38 #endif
  39
  40 #if HAVE_MATH_H
  41 # include <math.h>
  42 #endif
  43
  44 #if TIME_WITH_SYS_TIME
  45 # include <sys/time.h>
  46 # include <time.h>
  47 #else
  48 # if HAVE_SYS_TIME_H
  49 #  include <sys/time.h>
  50 # else
  51 #  include <time.h>
  52 # endif
  53 #endif
  54
  55 #if HAVE_SYS_SOCKET_H
  56 # include <sys/socket.h>
  57 #endif
  58 #if HAVE_NETINET_IN_H
  59 # include <netinet/in.h>
  60 #endif
  61 #if HAVE_NETINET_IP_H
  62 # include <netinet/ip.h>
  63 #endif
  64
  65 #if HAVE_NETDB_H
  66 # include <netdb.h> /* NI_MAXHOST */
  67 #endif
  68
  69 #if HAVE_SIGNAL_H
  70 # include <signal.h>
  71 #endif
  72
  73 #if HAVE_SYS_TYPES_H
  74 #include <sys/types.h>
  75 #endif
  76
  77 #include <locale.h>
  78 #include <langinfo.h>
  79
  80 #if USE_NCURSES
  81 # define NCURSES_OPAQUE 1
  82 /* http://newsgroups.derkeiler.com/Archive/Rec/rec.games.roguelike.development/2010-09/msg00050.html */
  83 # define _X_OPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED
  84
  85 # if HAVE_NCURSESW_NCURSES_H
  86 #  include <ncursesw/ncurses.h>
  87 # elif HAVE_NCURSES_H
  88 #  include <ncurses.h>
  89 # endif
  90
  91 # define OPING_GREEN 1
  92 # define OPING_YELLOW 2
  93 # define OPING_RED 3
  94 # define OPING_GREEN_HIST 4
  95 # define OPING_YELLOW_HIST 5
  96 # define OPING_RED_HIST 6
  97
  98 double const threshold_green = 0.8;
  99 double const threshold_yellow = 0.95;
 100
 101 static char const * const hist_symbols_utf8[] = {
 102         "▁", "▂", "▃", "▄", "▅", "▆", "▇", "█" };
 103 static size_t const hist_symbols_utf8_num = sizeof (hist_symbols_utf8)
 104         / sizeof (hist_symbols_utf8[0]);
 105
 106 /* scancodes for 6 levels of horizontal bars, ncurses-specific */
 107 /* those are not the usual constants because those are not constant */
 108 static int const hist_symbols_acs[] = {
 109         115, /* ACS_S9 "⎽" */
 110         114, /* ACS_S7 "⎼" */
 111         113, /* ACS_S5 "─" */
 112         112, /* ACS_S3 "⎻" */
 113         111  /* ACS_S1 "⎺" */
 114 };
 115 static size_t const hist_symbols_acs_num = sizeof (hist_symbols_acs)
 116         / sizeof (hist_symbols_acs[0]);
 117
 118 /* use different colors without a background for scancodes */
 119 static int const hist_colors_utf8[] = {
 120         OPING_GREEN_HIST, OPING_YELLOW_HIST, OPING_RED_HIST };
 121 static int const hist_colors_acs[] = {
 122         OPING_GREEN, OPING_YELLOW, OPING_RED };
 123 /* assuming that both arrays are the same size */
 124 static size_t const hist_colors_num = sizeof (hist_colors_utf8)
 125         / sizeof (hist_colors_utf8[0]);
 126 #endif
 127
 128 /* "─" */
 129 #define BOXPLOT_WHISKER_BAR       (113 | A_ALTCHARSET)
 130 /* "├" */
 131 #define BOXPLOT_WHISKER_LEFT_END  (116 | A_ALTCHARSET)
 132 /* "┤" */
 133 #define BOXPLOT_WHISKER_RIGHT_END (117 | A_ALTCHARSET)
 134 /* Inverted */
 135 #define BOXPLOT_BOX               ' '
 136 /* "│", inverted */
 137 #define BOXPLOT_MEDIAN            (120 | A_ALTCHARSET)
 138
 139 #include "oping.h"
 140
 141 #ifndef _POSIX_SAVED_IDS
 142 # define _POSIX_SAVED_IDS 0
 143 #endif
 144
 145 #ifndef IPTOS_MINCOST
 146 # define IPTOS_MINCOST 0x02
 147 #endif
 148
 149 /* Remove GNU specific __attribute__ settings when using another compiler */
 150 #if !__GNUC__
 151 # define __attribute__(x) /**/
 152 #endif
 153
 154 typedef struct ping_context
 155 {
 156         char host[NI_MAXHOST];
 157         char addr[NI_MAXHOST];
 158
 159         int index;
 160         int req_sent;
 161         int req_rcvd;
 162
 163         double latency_total;
 164
 165 #ifndef HISTORY_SIZE_MAX
 166 # define HISTORY_SIZE_MAX 900
 167 #endif
 168         /* The last n RTTs in the order they were sent. */
 169         double history_by_time[HISTORY_SIZE_MAX];
 170
 171         /* Current number of entries in the history. This is a value between 0
 172          * and HISTORY_SIZE_MAX. */
 173         size_t history_size;
 174
 175         /* Number "received" entries in the history, i.e. non-NAN entries. */
 176         size_t history_received;
 177
 178         /* Index of the next RTT to be written to history_by_time. This wraps
 179          * around to 0 once the histroty has grown to HISTORY_SIZE_MAX. */
 180         size_t history_index;
 181
 182         /* The last history_size RTTs sorted by value. timed out packets (NAN
 183          * entries) are sorted to the back. */
 184         double history_by_value[HISTORY_SIZE_MAX];
 185
 186         /* If set to true, history_by_value has to be re-calculated. */
 187         _Bool history_dirty;
 188
 189 #if USE_NCURSES
 190         WINDOW *window;
 191 #endif
 192 } ping_context_t;
 193
 194 static double  opt_interval   = 1.0;
 195 static int     opt_addrfamily = PING_DEF_AF;
 196 static char   *opt_srcaddr    = NULL;
 197 static char   *opt_device     = NULL;
 198 static char   *opt_filename   = NULL;
 199 static int     opt_count      = -1;
 200 static int     opt_send_ttl   = 64;
 201 static uint8_t opt_send_qos   = 0;
 202 #define OPING_DEFAULT_PERCENTILE 95.0
 203 static double  opt_percentile = -1.0;
 204 static double  opt_exit_status_threshold = 1.0;
 205 #if USE_NCURSES
 206 static int     opt_show_graph = 1;
 207 static int     opt_utf8       = 0;
 208 #endif
 209
 210 static int host_num = 0;
 211
 212 #if USE_NCURSES
 213 static WINDOW *main_win = NULL;
 214 #endif
 215
 216 static void sigint_handler (int signal) /* {{{ */
 217 {
 218         /* Make compiler happy */
 219         signal = 0;
 220         /* Exit the loop */
 221         opt_count = 0;
 222 } /* }}} void sigint_handler */
 223
 224 static ping_context_t *context_create (void) /* {{{ */
 225 {
 226         ping_context_t *ret;
 227
 228         if ((ret = malloc (sizeof (ping_context_t))) == NULL)
 229                 return (NULL);
 230
 231         memset (ret, '\0', sizeof (ping_context_t));
 232
 233         ret->latency_total = 0.0;
 234
 235 #if USE_NCURSES
 236         ret->window = NULL;
 237 #endif
 238
 239         return (ret);
 240 } /* }}} ping_context_t *context_create */
 241
 242 static void context_destroy (ping_context_t *context) /* {{{ */
 243 {
 244         if (context == NULL)
 245                 return;
 246
 247 #if USE_NCURSES
 248         if (context->window != NULL)
 249         {
 250                 delwin (context->window);
 251                 context->window = NULL;
 252         }
 253 #endif
 254
 255         free (context);
 256 } /* }}} void context_destroy */
 257
 258 static int compare_double (void const *arg0, void const *arg1) /* {{{ */
 259 {
 260         double dbl0 = *((double *) arg0);
 261         double dbl1 = *((double *) arg1);
 262
 263         if (isnan (dbl0))
 264         {
 265                 if (isnan (dbl1))
 266                         return 0;
 267                 else
 268                         return 1;
 269         }
 270         else if (isnan (dbl1))
 271                 return -1;
 272         else if (dbl0 < dbl1)
 273                 return -1;
 274         else if (dbl0 > dbl1)
 275                 return 1;
 276         else
 277                 return 0;
 278 } /* }}} int compare_double */
 279
 280 static void clean_history (ping_context_t *ctx) /* {{{ */
 281 {
 282         size_t i;
 283
 284         if (!ctx->history_dirty)
 285                 return;
 286
 287         /* Copy all values from by_time to by_value. */
 288         memcpy (ctx->history_by_value, ctx->history_by_time,
 289                         sizeof (ctx->history_by_time));
 290
 291         /* Sort all RTTs. */
 292         qsort (ctx->history_by_value, ctx->history_size, sizeof
 293                         (ctx->history_by_value[0]), compare_double);
 294
 295         /* Update the number of received RTTs. */
 296         ctx->history_received = 0;
 297         for (i = 0; i < ctx->history_size; i++)
 298                 if (!isnan (ctx->history_by_value[i]))
 299                         ctx->history_received++;
 300
 301         /* Mark as clean. */
 302         ctx->history_dirty = 0;
 303 } /* }}} void clean_history */
 304
 305 static double percentile_to_latency (ping_context_t *ctx, /* {{{ */
 306                 double percentile)
 307 {
 308         size_t index;
 309
 310         clean_history (ctx);
 311
 312         /* Not a single packet was received successfully. */
 313         if (ctx->history_received == 0)
 314                 return NAN;
 315
 316         if (percentile <= 0.0)
 317                 index = 0;
 318         else if (percentile >= 100.0)
 319                 index = ctx->history_received - 1;
 320         else
 321         {
 322                 index = (size_t) ceil ((percentile / 100.0) * ((double) ctx->history_received));
 323                 assert (index > 0);
 324                 index--;
 325         }
 326
 327         return (ctx->history_by_value[index]);
 328 } /* }}} double percentile_to_latency */
 329
 330 #if USE_NCURSES
 331 static double latency_to_ratio (ping_context_t *ctx, /* {{{ */
 332                 double latency)
 333 {
 334         size_t low;
 335         size_t high;
 336         size_t index;
 337
 338         clean_history (ctx);
 339
 340         /* Not a single packet was received successfully. */
 341         if (ctx->history_received == 0)
 342                 return NAN;
 343
 344         low = 0;
 345         high = ctx->history_received - 1;
 346
 347         if (latency < ctx->history_by_value[low])
 348                 return 0.0;
 349         else if (latency >= ctx->history_by_value[high])
 350                 return 100.0;
 351
 352         /* Do a binary search for the latency. This will work even when the
 353          * exact latency is not in the array. If the latency is in the array
 354          * multiple times, "low" will be set to the index of the last
 355          * occurrence. The value at index "high" will be larger than the
 356          * searched for latency (assured by the above "if" block. */
 357         while ((high - low) > 1)
 358         {
 359                 index = (high + low) / 2;
 360
 361                 if (ctx->history_by_value[index] > latency)
 362                         high = index;
 363                 else
 364                         low = index;
 365         }
 366
 367         assert (ctx->history_by_value[high] > latency);
 368         assert (ctx->history_by_value[low] <= latency);
 369
 370         if (ctx->history_by_value[low] == latency)
 371                 index = low;
 372         else
 373                 index = high;
 374
 375         return (((double) (index + 1)) / ((double) ctx->history_received));
 376 } /* }}} double latency_to_ratio */
 377 #endif
 378
 379 static double context_get_packet_loss (const ping_context_t *ctx) /* {{{ */
 380 {
 381         if (ctx == NULL)
 382                 return (-1.0);
 383
 384         if (ctx->req_sent < 1)
 385                 return (0.0);
 386
 387         return (100.0 * (ctx->req_sent - ctx->req_rcvd)
 388                         / ((double) ctx->req_sent));
 389 } /* }}} double context_get_packet_loss */
 390
 391 static int ping_initialize_contexts (pingobj_t *ping) /* {{{ */
 392 {
 393         pingobj_iter_t *iter;
 394         int index;
 395
 396         if (ping == NULL)
 397                 return (EINVAL);
 398
 399         index = 0;
 400         for (iter = ping_iterator_get (ping);
 401                         iter != NULL;
 402                         iter = ping_iterator_next (iter))
 403         {
 404                 ping_context_t *context;
 405                 size_t buffer_size;
 406
 407                 context = context_create ();
 408                 context->index = index;
 409
 410                 buffer_size = sizeof (context->host);
 411                 ping_iterator_get_info (iter, PING_INFO_HOSTNAME, context->host, &buffer_size);
 412
 413                 buffer_size = sizeof (context->addr);
 414                 ping_iterator_get_info (iter, PING_INFO_ADDRESS, context->addr, &buffer_size);
 415
 416                 ping_iterator_set_context (iter, (void *) context);
 417
 418                 index++;
 419         }
 420
 421         return (0);
 422 } /* }}} int ping_initialize_contexts */
 423
 424 static void usage_exit (const char *name, int status) /* {{{ */
 425 {
 426         fprintf (stderr, "Usage: %s [OPTIONS] "
 427                                 "-f filename | host [host [host ...]]\n"
 428
 429                         "\nAvailable options:\n"
 430                         "  -4|-6        force the use of IPv4 or IPv6\n"
 431                         "  -c count     number of ICMP packets to send\n"
 432                         "  -i interval  interval with which to send ICMP packets\n"
 433                         "  -t ttl       time to live for each ICMP packet\n"
 434                         "  -Q qos       Quality of Service (QoS) of outgoing packets\n"
 435                         "               Use \"-Q help\" for a list of valid options.\n"
 436                         "  -I srcaddr   source address\n"
 437                         "  -D device    outgoing interface name\n"
 438                         "  -f filename  filename to read hosts from\n"
 439 #if USE_NCURSES
 440                         "  -u / -U      force / disable UTF-8 output\n"
 441                         "  -g graph     graph type to draw\n"
 442 #endif
 443                         "  -P percent   Report the n'th percentile of latency\n"
 444                         "  -Z percent   Exit with non-zero exit status if more than this percentage of\n"
 445                         "               probes timed out. (default: never)\n"
 446
 447                         "\noping "PACKAGE_VERSION", http://noping.cc/\n"
 448                         "by Florian octo Forster <ff@octo.it>\n"
 449                         "for contributions see `AUTHORS'\n",
 450                         name);
 451         exit (status);
 452 } /* }}} void usage_exit */
 453
 454 __attribute__((noreturn))
 455 static void usage_qos_exit (const char *arg, int status) /* {{{ */
 456 {
 457         if (arg != 0)
 458                 fprintf (stderr, "Invalid QoS argument: \"%s\"\n\n", arg);
 459
 460         fprintf (stderr, "Valid QoS arguments (option \"-Q\") are:\n"
 461                         "\n"
 462                         "  Differentiated Services (IPv4 and IPv6, RFC 2474)\n"
 463                         "\n"
 464                         "    be                     Best Effort (BE, default PHB).\n"
 465                         "    ef                     Expedited Forwarding (EF) PHB group (RFC 3246).\n"
 466                         "                           (low delay, low loss, low jitter)\n"
 467                         "    va                     Voice Admit (VA) DSCP (RFC 5865).\n"
 468                         "                           (capacity-admitted traffic)\n"
 469                         "    af[1-4][1-3]           Assured Forwarding (AF) PHB group (RFC 2597).\n"
 470                         "                           For example: \"af12\" (class 1, precedence 2)\n"
 471                         "    cs[0-7]                Class Selector (CS) PHB group (RFC 2474).\n"
 472                         "                           For example: \"cs1\" (priority traffic)\n"
 473                         "\n"
 474                         "  Type of Service (IPv4, RFC 1349, obsolete)\n"
 475                         "\n"
 476                         "    lowdelay     (%#04x)    minimize delay\n"
 477                         "    throughput   (%#04x)    maximize throughput\n"
 478                         "    reliability  (%#04x)    maximize reliability\n"
 479                         "    mincost      (%#04x)    minimize monetary cost\n"
 480                         "\n"
 481                         "  Specify manually\n"
 482                         "\n"
 483                         "    0x00 - 0xff            Hexadecimal numeric specification.\n"
 484                         "       0 -  255            Decimal numeric specification.\n"
 485                         "\n",
 486                         (unsigned int) IPTOS_LOWDELAY,
 487                         (unsigned int) IPTOS_THROUGHPUT,
 488                         (unsigned int) IPTOS_RELIABILITY,
 489                         (unsigned int) IPTOS_MINCOST);
 490
 491         exit (status);
 492 } /* }}} void usage_qos_exit */
 493
 494 static int set_opt_send_qos (const char *opt) /* {{{ */
 495 {
 496         if (opt == NULL)
 497                 return (EINVAL);
 498
 499         if (strcasecmp ("help", opt) == 0)
 500                 usage_qos_exit (/* arg = */ NULL, /* status = */ EXIT_SUCCESS);
 501         /* DiffServ (RFC 2474): */
 502         /* - Best effort (BE) */
 503         else if (strcasecmp ("be", opt) == 0)
 504                 opt_send_qos = 0;
 505         /* - Expedited Forwarding (EF, RFC 3246) */
 506         else if (strcasecmp ("ef", opt) == 0)
 507                 opt_send_qos = 0xB8; /* == 0x2E << 2 */
 508         /* - Voice Admit (VA, RFC 5865) */
 509         else if (strcasecmp ("va", opt) == 0)
 510                 opt_send_qos = 0xB0; /* == 0x2D << 2 */
 511         /* - Assured Forwarding (AF, RFC 2597) */
 512         else if ((strncasecmp ("af", opt, strlen ("af")) == 0)
 513                         && (strlen (opt) == 4))
 514         {
 515                 uint8_t dscp;
 516                 uint8_t class = 0;
 517                 uint8_t prec = 0;
 518
 519                 /* There are four classes, AF1x, AF2x, AF3x, and AF4x. */
 520                 if (opt[2] == '1')
 521                         class = 1;
 522                 else if (opt[2] == '2')
 523                         class = 2;
 524                 else if (opt[2] == '3')
 525                         class = 3;
 526                 else if (opt[2] == '4')
 527                         class = 4;
 528                 else
 529                         usage_qos_exit (/* arg = */ opt, /* status = */ EXIT_SUCCESS);
 530
 531                 /* In each class, there are three precedences, AFx1, AFx2, and AFx3 */
 532                 if (opt[3] == '1')
 533                         prec = 1;
 534                 else if (opt[3] == '2')
 535                         prec = 2;
 536                 else if (opt[3] == '3')
 537                         prec = 3;
 538                 else
 539                         usage_qos_exit (/* arg = */ opt, /* status = */ EXIT_SUCCESS);
 540
 541                 dscp = (8 * class) + (2 * prec);
 542                 /* The lower two bits are used for Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN) */
 543                 opt_send_qos = dscp << 2;
 544         }
 545         /* - Class Selector (CS) */
 546         else if ((strncasecmp ("cs", opt, strlen ("cs")) == 0)
 547                         && (strlen (opt) == 3))
 548         {
 549                 uint8_t class;
 550
 551                 if ((opt[2] < '0') || (opt[2] > '7'))
 552                         usage_qos_exit (/* arg = */ opt, /* status = */ EXIT_FAILURE);
 553
 554                 /* Not exactly legal by the C standard, but I don't know of any
 555                  * system not supporting this hack. */
 556                 class = ((uint8_t) opt[2]) - ((uint8_t) '0');
 557                 opt_send_qos = class << 5;
 558         }
 559         /* Type of Service (RFC 1349) */
 560         else if (strcasecmp ("lowdelay", opt) == 0)
 561                 opt_send_qos = IPTOS_LOWDELAY;
 562         else if (strcasecmp ("throughput", opt) == 0)
 563                 opt_send_qos = IPTOS_THROUGHPUT;
 564         else if (strcasecmp ("reliability", opt) == 0)
 565                 opt_send_qos = IPTOS_RELIABILITY;
 566         else if (strcasecmp ("mincost", opt) == 0)
 567                 opt_send_qos = IPTOS_MINCOST;
 568         /* Numeric value */
 569         else
 570         {
 571                 unsigned long value;
 572                 char *endptr;
 573
 574                 errno = 0;
 575                 endptr = NULL;
 576                 value = strtoul (opt, &endptr, /* base = */ 0);
 577                 if ((errno != 0) || (endptr == opt)
 578                                 || (endptr == NULL) || (*endptr != 0)
 579                                 || (value > 0xff))
 580                         usage_qos_exit (/* arg = */ opt, /* status = */ EXIT_FAILURE);
 581
 582                 opt_send_qos = (uint8_t) value;
 583         }
 584
 585         return (0);
 586 } /* }}} int set_opt_send_qos */
 587
 588 static char *format_qos (uint8_t qos, char *buffer, size_t buffer_size) /* {{{ */
 589 {
 590         uint8_t dscp;
 591         uint8_t ecn;
 592         char *dscp_str;
 593         char *ecn_str;
 594
 595         dscp = qos >> 2;
 596         ecn = qos & 0x03;
 597
 598         switch (dscp)
 599         {
 600                 case 0x00: dscp_str = "be";  break;
 601                 case 0x2e: dscp_str = "ef";  break;
 602                 case 0x2d: dscp_str = "va";  break;
 603                 case 0x0a: dscp_str = "af11"; break;
 604                 case 0x0c: dscp_str = "af12"; break;
 605                 case 0x0e: dscp_str = "af13"; break;
 606                 case 0x12: dscp_str = "af21"; break;
 607                 case 0x14: dscp_str = "af22"; break;
 608                 case 0x16: dscp_str = "af23"; break;
 609                 case 0x1a: dscp_str = "af31"; break;
 610                 case 0x1c: dscp_str = "af32"; break;
 611                 case 0x1e: dscp_str = "af33"; break;
 612                 case 0x22: dscp_str = "af41"; break;
 613                 case 0x24: dscp_str = "af42"; break;
 614                 case 0x26: dscp_str = "af43"; break;
 615                 case 0x08: dscp_str = "cs1";  break;
 616                 case 0x10: dscp_str = "cs2";  break;
 617                 case 0x18: dscp_str = "cs3";  break;
 618                 case 0x20: dscp_str = "cs4";  break;
 619                 case 0x28: dscp_str = "cs5";  break;
 620                 case 0x30: dscp_str = "cs6";  break;
 621                 case 0x38: dscp_str = "cs7";  break;
 622                 default:   dscp_str = NULL;
 623         }
 624
 625         switch (ecn)
 626         {
 627                 case 0x01: ecn_str = ",ecn(1)"; break;
 628                 case 0x02: ecn_str = ",ecn(0)"; break;
 629                 case 0x03: ecn_str = ",ce"; break;
 630                 default:   ecn_str = "";
 631         }
 632
 633         if (dscp_str == NULL)
 634                 snprintf (buffer, buffer_size, "0x%02x%s", dscp, ecn_str);
 635         else
 636                 snprintf (buffer, buffer_size, "%s%s", dscp_str, ecn_str);
 637         buffer[buffer_size - 1] = 0;
 638
 639         return (buffer);
 640 } /* }}} char *format_qos */
 641
 642 static int read_options (int argc, char **argv) /* {{{ */
 643 {
 644         int optchar;
 645
 646         while (1)
 647         {
 648                 optchar = getopt (argc, argv, "46c:hi:I:t:Q:f:D:Z:P:"
 649 #if USE_NCURSES
 650                                 "uUg:"
 651 #endif
 652                                 );
 653
 654                 if (optchar == -1)
 655                         break;
 656
 657                 switch (optchar)
 658                 {
 659                         case '4':
 660                         case '6':
 661                                 opt_addrfamily = (optchar == '4') ? AF_INET : AF_INET6;
 662                                 break;
 663
 664                         case 'c':
 665                                 {
 666                                         int new_count;
 667                                         new_count = atoi (optarg);
 668                                         if (new_count > 0)
 669                                         {
 670                                                 opt_count = new_count;
 671
 672                                                 if ((opt_percentile < 0.0) && (opt_count < 20))
 673                                                         opt_percentile = 100.0 * (opt_count - 1) / opt_count;
 674                                         }
 675                                         else
 676                                                 fprintf(stderr, "Ignoring invalid count: %s\n",
 677                                                                 optarg);
 678                                 }
 679                                 break;
 680
 681                         case 'f':
 682                                 {
 683                                         if (opt_filename != NULL)
 684                                                 free (opt_filename);
 685                                         opt_filename = strdup (optarg);
 686                                 }
 687                                 break;
 688
 689                         case 'i':
 690                                 {
 691                                         double new_interval;
 692                                         new_interval = atof (optarg);
 693                                         if (new_interval < 0.001)
 694                                                 fprintf (stderr, "Ignoring invalid interval: %s\n",
 695                                                                 optarg);
 696                                         else
 697                                                 opt_interval = new_interval;
 698                                 }
 699                                 break;
 700
 701                         case 'I':
 702                                 {
 703                                         if (opt_srcaddr != NULL)
 704                                                 free (opt_srcaddr);
 705                                         opt_srcaddr = strdup (optarg);
 706                                 }
 707                                 break;
 708
 709                         case 'D':
 710                                 opt_device = optarg;
 711                                 break;
 712
 713                         case 't':
 714                         {
 715                                 int new_send_ttl;
 716                                 new_send_ttl = atoi (optarg);
 717                                 if ((new_send_ttl > 0) && (new_send_ttl < 256))
 718                                         opt_send_ttl = new_send_ttl;
 719                                 else
 720                                         fprintf (stderr, "Ignoring invalid TTL argument: %s\n",
 721                                                         optarg);
 722                                 break;
 723                         }
 724
 725                         case 'Q':
 726                                 set_opt_send_qos (optarg);
 727                                 break;
 728
 729                         case 'P':
 730                                 {
 731                                         double new_percentile;
 732                                         new_percentile = atof (optarg);
 733                                         if (isnan (new_percentile)
 734                                                         || (new_percentile < 0.1)
 735                                                         || (new_percentile > 100.0))
 736                                                 fprintf (stderr, "Ignoring invalid percentile: %s\n",
 737                                                                 optarg);
 738                                         else
 739                                                 opt_percentile = new_percentile;
 740                                 }
 741                                 break;
 742
 743 #if USE_NCURSES
 744                         case 'g':
 745                                 if (strcasecmp ("none", optarg) == 0)
 746                                         opt_show_graph = 0;
 747                                 else if (strcasecmp ("prettyping", optarg) == 0)
 748                                         opt_show_graph = 1;
 749                                 else if (strcasecmp ("histogram", optarg) == 0)
 750                                         opt_show_graph = 2;
 751                                 else if (strcasecmp ("boxplot", optarg) == 0)
 752                                         opt_show_graph = 3;
 753                                 else
 754                                         fprintf (stderr, "Unknown graph option: %s\n", optarg);
 755                                 break;
 756
 757                         case 'u':
 758                                 opt_utf8 = 2;
 759                                 break;
 760                         case 'U':
 761                                 opt_utf8 = 1;
 762                                 break;
 763 #endif
 764
 765                         case 'Z':
 766                         {
 767                                 char *endptr = NULL;
 768                                 double tmp;
 769
 770                                 errno = 0;
 771                                 tmp = strtod (optarg, &endptr);
 772                                 if ((errno != 0) || (endptr == NULL) || (*endptr != 0) || (tmp < 0.0) || (tmp > 100.0))
 773                                 {
 774                                         fprintf (stderr, "Ignoring invalid -Z argument: %s\n", optarg);
 775                                         fprintf (stderr, "The \"-Z\" option requires a numeric argument between 0 and 100.\n");
 776                                 }
 777                                 else
 778                                         opt_exit_status_threshold = tmp / 100.0;
 779
 780                                 break;
 781                         }
 782
 783                         case 'h':
 784                                 usage_exit (argv[0], 0);
 785                                 break;
 786
 787                         default:
 788                                 usage_exit (argv[0], 1);
 789                 }
 790         }
 791
 792         if (opt_percentile <= 0.0)
 793                 opt_percentile = OPING_DEFAULT_PERCENTILE;
 794
 795         return (optind);
 796 } /* }}} read_options */
 797
 798 static void time_normalize (struct timespec *ts) /* {{{ */
 799 {
 800         while (ts->tv_nsec < 0)
 801         {
 802                 if (ts->tv_sec == 0)
 803                 {
 804                         ts->tv_nsec = 0;
 805                         return;
 806                 }
 807
 808                 ts->tv_sec  -= 1;
 809                 ts->tv_nsec += 1000000000;
 810         }
 811
 812         while (ts->tv_nsec >= 1000000000)
 813         {
 814                 ts->tv_sec  += 1;
 815                 ts->tv_nsec -= 1000000000;
 816         }
 817 } /* }}} void time_normalize */
 818
 819 static void time_calc (struct timespec *ts_dest, /* {{{ */
 820                 const struct timespec *ts_int,
 821                 const struct timeval  *tv_begin,
 822                 const struct timeval  *tv_end)
 823 {
 824         ts_dest->tv_sec = tv_begin->tv_sec + ts_int->tv_sec;
 825         ts_dest->tv_nsec = (tv_begin->tv_usec * 1000) + ts_int->tv_nsec;
 826         time_normalize (ts_dest);
 827
 828         /* Assure that `(begin + interval) > end'.
 829          * This may seem overly complicated, but `tv_sec' is of type `time_t'
 830          * which may be `unsigned. *sigh* */
 831         if ((tv_end->tv_sec > ts_dest->tv_sec)
 832                         || ((tv_end->tv_sec == ts_dest->tv_sec)
 833                                 && ((tv_end->tv_usec * 1000) > ts_dest->tv_nsec)))
 834         {
 835                 ts_dest->tv_sec  = 0;
 836                 ts_dest->tv_nsec = 0;
 837                 return;
 838         }
 839
 840         ts_dest->tv_sec = ts_dest->tv_sec - tv_end->tv_sec;
 841         ts_dest->tv_nsec = ts_dest->tv_nsec - (tv_end->tv_usec * 1000);
 842         time_normalize (ts_dest);
 843 } /* }}} void time_calc */
 844
 845 #if USE_NCURSES
 846 static _Bool has_utf8() /* {{{ */
 847 {
 848 # if HAVE_NCURSESW_NCURSES_H
 849         if (!opt_utf8)
 850         {
 851                 /* Automatically determine */
 852                 if (strcasecmp ("UTF-8", nl_langinfo (CODESET)) == 0)
 853                         opt_utf8 = 2;
 854                 else
 855                         opt_utf8 = 1;
 856         }
 857         return ((_Bool) (opt_utf8 - 1));
 858 # else
 859         return (0);
 860 # endif
 861 } /* }}} _Bool has_utf8 */
 862
 863 static int update_graph_boxplot (ping_context_t *ctx) /* {{{ */
 864 {
 865         uint32_t *counters;
 866         double *ratios;
 867         size_t i;
 868         size_t x_max;
 869         size_t x;
 870
 871         clean_history (ctx);
 872
 873         if (ctx->history_received == 0)
 874                 return (ENOENT);
 875
 876         x_max = (size_t) getmaxx (ctx->window);
 877         if (x_max <= 8)
 878                 return (EINVAL);
 879         x_max -= 4;
 880
 881         counters = calloc (x_max, sizeof (*counters));
 882         ratios = calloc (x_max, sizeof (*ratios));
 883
 884         /* Bucketize */
 885         for (i = 0; i < ctx->history_received; i++)
 886         {
 887                 double latency = ctx->history_by_value[i] / 1000.0;
 888                 size_t index = (size_t) (((double) x_max) * latency / opt_interval);
 889
 890                 if (index >= x_max)
 891                         index = x_max - 1;
 892
 893                 counters[index]++;
 894         }
 895
 896         /* Sum and calc ratios */
 897         ratios[0] = ((double) counters[0]) / ((double) ctx->history_received);
 898         for (x = 1; x < x_max; x++)
 899         {
 900                 counters[x] += counters[x - 1];
 901                 ratios[x] = ((double) counters[x]) / ((double) ctx->history_received);
 902         }
 903
 904         for (x = 0; x < x_max; x++)
 905         {
 906                 int symbol = ' ';
 907                 _Bool reverse = 0;
 908
 909                 if (x == 0)
 910                 {
 911                         if (ratios[x] >= 0.5)
 912                         {
 913                                 symbol = BOXPLOT_MEDIAN;
 914                                 reverse = 1;
 915                         }
 916                         else if (ratios[x] > 0.25)
 917                         {
 918                                 symbol = BOXPLOT_BOX;
 919                                 reverse = 1;
 920                         }
 921                         else if (ratios[x] > 0.025)
 922                                 symbol = BOXPLOT_WHISKER_BAR;
 923                         else
 924                                 symbol = ' '; /* NOP */
 925                 }
 926                 else /* (x != 0) */
 927                 {
 928                         if ((ratios[x - 1] < 0.5) && (ratios[x] >= 0.5))
 929                         {
 930                                 symbol = BOXPLOT_MEDIAN;
 931                                 reverse = 1;
 932                         }
 933                         else if (((ratios[x] >= 0.25) && (ratios[x] <= 0.75))
 934                                         || ((ratios[x - 1] < 0.75) && (ratios[x] > 0.75)))
 935                         {
 936                                 symbol = BOXPLOT_BOX;
 937                                 reverse = 1;
 938                         }
 939                         else if ((ratios[x] < 0.5) && (ratios[x] >= 0.025))
 940                         {
 941                                 if (ratios[x - 1] < 0.025)
 942                                         symbol = BOXPLOT_WHISKER_LEFT_END;
 943                                 else
 944                                         symbol = BOXPLOT_WHISKER_BAR;
 945                         }
 946                         else if ((ratios[x] > .5) && (ratios[x] < 0.975))
 947                         {
 948                                 symbol = BOXPLOT_WHISKER_BAR;
 949                         }
 950                         else if ((ratios[x] >= 0.975) && (ratios[x - 1] < 0.975))
 951                                 symbol = BOXPLOT_WHISKER_RIGHT_END;
 952                 }
 953
 954                 if (reverse)
 955                         wattron (ctx->window, A_REVERSE);
 956                 mvwaddch (ctx->window, /* y = */ 3, /* x = */ (int) (x + 2), symbol);
 957                 // mvwprintw (ctx->window, /* y = */ 3, /* x = */ (int) (x + 2), symbol);
 958                 if (reverse)
 959                         wattroff (ctx->window, A_REVERSE);
 960         }
 961
 962         free (counters);
 963         free (ratios);
 964         return (0);
 965 } /* }}} int update_graph_boxplot */
 966
 967 static int update_graph_prettyping (ping_context_t *ctx, /* {{{ */
 968                 double latency, unsigned int sequence)
 969 {
 970         size_t x;
 971         size_t x_max;
 972         size_t history_offset;
 973
 974         x_max = (size_t) getmaxx (ctx->window);
 975         if (x_max <= 4)
 976                 return (EINVAL);
 977         x_max -= 4;
 978
 979         /* Determine the first index in the history we need to draw
 980          * the graph. */
 981         history_offset = 0;
 982         if (((size_t) x_max) < ctx->history_size) /* window is smaller than history */
 983         {
 984                 if (ctx->history_index > x_max)
 985                         history_offset = ctx->history_index - x_max;
 986                 else /* wrap around */
 987                         history_offset = ctx->history_index + ctx->history_size - x_max;
 988         }
 989         else /* window is larger than history */
 990         {
 991                 if (ctx->history_index != ctx->history_size) /* no longer growing. */
 992                         history_offset = ctx->history_index;
 993                 else /* start-up */
 994                         history_offset = 0;
 995         }
 996
 997         for (x = 0; x < x_max; x++)
 998         {
 999                 size_t index;
1000                 double latency;
1001
1002                 int color = OPING_RED;
1003                 char const *symbol = "!";
1004                 int symbolc = '!';
1005
1006                 if (x >= ctx->history_size)
1007                 {
1008                         mvwaddch (ctx->window, /* y = */ 3, /* x = */ x + 2, ' ');
1009                         continue;
1010                 }
1011
1012                 index = (history_offset + x) % ctx->history_size;
1013                 latency = ctx->history_by_time[index];
1014
1015                 if (latency >= 0.0)
1016                 {
1017                         double ratio;
1018
1019                         size_t symbols_num = hist_symbols_acs_num;
1020                         size_t colors_num = 1;
1021
1022                         size_t index_symbols;
1023                         size_t index_colors;
1024                         size_t intensity;
1025
1026                         /* latency is in milliseconds, opt_interval is in seconds. */
1027                         ratio = (latency * 0.001) / opt_interval;
1028                         if (ratio > 1) {
1029                                 ratio = 1.0;
1030                         }
1031
1032                         if (has_utf8 ())
1033                                 symbols_num = hist_symbols_utf8_num;
1034
1035                         if (has_colors () == TRUE)
1036                                 colors_num = hist_colors_num;
1037
1038                         intensity = (size_t) (ratio * ((double) (symbols_num * colors_num)));
1039                         if (intensity >= (symbols_num * colors_num))
1040                                 intensity = (symbols_num * colors_num) - 1;
1041
1042                         index_symbols = intensity % symbols_num;
1043                         assert (index_symbols < symbols_num);
1044
1045                         index_colors = intensity / symbols_num;
1046                         assert (index_colors < colors_num);
1047
1048                         if (has_utf8())
1049                         {
1050                                 color = hist_colors_utf8[index_colors];
1051                                 symbol = hist_symbols_utf8[index_symbols];
1052                         }
1053                         else
1054                         {
1055                                 color = hist_colors_acs[index_colors];
1056                                 symbolc = hist_symbols_acs[index_symbols] | A_ALTCHARSET;
1057                         }
1058                 }
1059                 else /* if (!(latency >= 0.0)) */
1060                         wattron (ctx->window, A_BOLD);
1061
1062                 if (has_colors () == TRUE)
1063                         wattron (ctx->window, COLOR_PAIR(color));
1064
1065                 if (has_utf8())
1066                         mvwprintw (ctx->window, /* y = */ 3, /* x = */ x + 2, symbol);
1067                 else
1068                         mvwaddch (ctx->window, /* y = */ 3, /* x = */ x + 2, symbolc);
1069
1070                 if (has_colors () == TRUE)
1071                         wattroff (ctx->window, COLOR_PAIR(color));
1072
1073                 /* Use negation here to handle NaN correctly. */
1074                 if (!(latency >= 0.0))
1075                         wattroff (ctx->window, A_BOLD);
1076         } /* for (x) */
1077
1078         return (0);
1079 } /* }}} int update_graph_prettyping */
1080
1081 static int update_graph_histogram (ping_context_t *ctx) /* {{{ */
1082 {
1083         uint32_t *counters;
1084         uint32_t *accumulated;
1085         uint32_t max;
1086         size_t i;
1087         size_t x_max;
1088         size_t x;
1089
1090         size_t symbols_num = hist_symbols_acs_num;
1091
1092         clean_history (ctx);
1093
1094         if (ctx->history_received == 0)
1095                 return (ENOENT);
1096
1097         if (has_utf8 ())
1098                 symbols_num = hist_symbols_utf8_num;
1099
1100         x_max = (size_t) getmaxx (ctx->window);
1101         if (x_max <= 4)
1102                 return (EINVAL);
1103         x_max -= 4;
1104
1105         counters = calloc (x_max, sizeof (*counters));
1106         accumulated = calloc (x_max, sizeof (*accumulated));
1107
1108         /* Bucketize */
1109         max = 0;
1110         for (i = 0; i < ctx->history_received; i++)
1111         {
1112                 double latency = ctx->history_by_value[i] / 1000.0;
1113                 size_t index = (size_t) (((double) x_max) * latency / opt_interval);
1114
1115                 if (index >= x_max)
1116                         index = x_max - 1;
1117
1118                 counters[index]++;
1119                 if (max < counters[index])
1120                         max = counters[index];
1121         }
1122
1123         /* Sum */
1124         accumulated[0] = counters[0];
1125         for (x = 1; x < x_max; x++)
1126                 accumulated[x] = counters[x] + accumulated[x - 1];
1127
1128         /* Calculate ratios */
1129         for (x = 0; x < x_max; x++)
1130         {
1131                 double height = ((double) counters[x]) / ((double) max);
1132                 double ratio_this = ((double) accumulated[x]) / ((double) ctx->history_received);
1133                 double ratio_prev = 0.0;
1134                 size_t index;
1135                 int color = 0;
1136
1137                 index = (size_t) (height * ((double) symbols_num));
1138                 if (index >= symbols_num)
1139                         index = symbols_num - 1;
1140
1141                 if (x > 0)
1142                         ratio_prev = ((double) accumulated[x - 1]) / ((double) ctx->history_received);
1143
1144                 if (has_colors () == TRUE)
1145                 {
1146                         if ((ratio_this <= threshold_green)
1147                                         || ((ratio_prev < threshold_green)
1148                                                 && (ratio_this > threshold_green)))
1149                                 color = OPING_GREEN;
1150                         else if ((ratio_this <= threshold_yellow)
1151                                         || ((ratio_prev < threshold_yellow)
1152                                                 && (ratio_this > threshold_yellow)))
1153                                 color = OPING_YELLOW;
1154                         else
1155                                 color = OPING_RED;
1156
1157                         wattron (ctx->window, COLOR_PAIR(color));
1158                 }
1159
1160                 if (counters[x] == 0)
1161                         mvwaddch (ctx->window, /* y = */ 3, /* x = */ x + 2, ' ');
1162                 else if (has_utf8 ())
1163                         mvwprintw (ctx->window, /* y = */ 3, /* x = */ x + 2,
1164                                         hist_symbols_utf8[index]);
1165                 else
1166                         mvwaddch (ctx->window, /* y = */ 3, /* x = */ x + 2,
1167                                         hist_symbols_acs[index] | A_ALTCHARSET);
1168
1169                 if (has_colors () == TRUE)
1170                         wattroff (ctx->window, COLOR_PAIR(color));
1171
1172         }
1173
1174         free (accumulated);
1175         return (0);
1176 } /* }}} int update_graph_histogram */
1177
1178 static int update_stats_from_context (ping_context_t *ctx, pingobj_iter_t *iter) /* {{{ */
1179 {
1180         double latency = -1.0;
1181         size_t buffer_len = sizeof (latency);
1182
1183         ping_iterator_get_info (iter, PING_INFO_LATENCY,
1184                         &latency, &buffer_len);
1185
1186         unsigned int sequence = 0;
1187         buffer_len = sizeof (sequence);
1188         ping_iterator_get_info (iter, PING_INFO_SEQUENCE,
1189                         &sequence, &buffer_len);
1190
1191
1192         if ((ctx == NULL) || (ctx->window == NULL))
1193                 return (EINVAL);
1194
1195         /* werase (ctx->window); */
1196
1197         box (ctx->window, 0, 0);
1198         wattron (ctx->window, A_BOLD);
1199         mvwprintw (ctx->window, /* y = */ 0, /* x = */ 5,
1200                         " %s ", ctx->host);
1201         wattroff (ctx->window, A_BOLD);
1202         wprintw (ctx->window, "ping statistics ");
1203         mvwprintw (ctx->window, /* y = */ 1, /* x = */ 2,
1204                         "%i packets transmitted, %i received, %.2f%% packet "
1205                         "loss, time %.1fms",
1206                         ctx->req_sent, ctx->req_rcvd,
1207                         context_get_packet_loss (ctx),
1208                         ctx->latency_total);
1209         if (ctx->req_rcvd != 0)
1210         {
1211                 double min;
1212                 double median;
1213                 double max;
1214                 double percentile;
1215
1216                 min = percentile_to_latency (ctx, 0.0);
1217                 median = percentile_to_latency (ctx, 50.0);
1218                 max = percentile_to_latency (ctx, 100.0);
1219                 percentile = percentile_to_latency (ctx, opt_percentile);
1220
1221                 mvwprintw (ctx->window, /* y = */ 2, /* x = */ 2,
1222                                 "RTT[ms]: min = %.0f, median = %.0f, p(%.0f) = %.0f, max = %.0f  ",
1223                                 min, median, opt_percentile, percentile, max);
1224         }
1225
1226         if (opt_show_graph == 1)
1227                 update_graph_prettyping (ctx, latency, sequence);
1228         else if (opt_show_graph == 2)
1229                 update_graph_histogram (ctx);
1230         else if (opt_show_graph == 3)
1231                 update_graph_boxplot (ctx);
1232
1233         wrefresh (ctx->window);
1234
1235         return (0);
1236 } /* }}} int update_stats_from_context */
1237
1238 static int on_resize (pingobj_t *ping) /* {{{ */
1239 {
1240         pingobj_iter_t *iter;
1241         int width = 0;
1242         int height = 0;
1243         int main_win_height;
1244         int box_height = (opt_show_graph == 0) ? 4 : 5;
1245
1246         getmaxyx (stdscr, height, width);
1247         if ((height < 1) || (width < 1))
1248                 return (EINVAL);
1249
1250         main_win_height = height - (box_height * host_num);
1251         wresize (main_win, main_win_height, /* width = */ width);
1252         /* Allow scrolling */
1253         scrollok (main_win, TRUE);
1254         /* wsetscrreg (main_win, 0, main_win_height - 1); */
1255         /* Allow hardware accelerated scrolling. */
1256         idlok (main_win, TRUE);
1257         wrefresh (main_win);
1258
1259         for (iter = ping_iterator_get (ping);
1260                         iter != NULL;
1261                         iter = ping_iterator_next (iter))
1262         {
1263                 ping_context_t *context;
1264
1265                 context = ping_iterator_get_context (iter);
1266                 if (context == NULL)
1267                         continue;
1268
1269                 if (context->window != NULL)
1270                 {
1271                         delwin (context->window);
1272                         context->window = NULL;
1273                 }
1274                 context->window = newwin (/* height = */ box_height,
1275                                 /* width = */ width,
1276                                 /* y = */ main_win_height + (box_height * context->index),
1277                                 /* x = */ 0);
1278         }
1279
1280         return (0);
1281 } /* }}} */
1282
1283 static int check_resize (pingobj_t *ping) /* {{{ */
1284 {
1285         int need_resize = 0;
1286
1287         while (42)
1288         {
1289                 int key = wgetch (stdscr);
1290                 if (key == ERR)
1291                         break;
1292                 else if (key == KEY_RESIZE)
1293                         need_resize = 1;
1294                 else if (key == 'g')
1295                 {
1296                         if (opt_show_graph == 3)
1297                                 opt_show_graph = 1;
1298                         else if (opt_show_graph > 0)
1299                                 opt_show_graph++;
1300                 }
1301         }
1302
1303         if (need_resize)
1304                 return (on_resize (ping));
1305         else
1306                 return (0);
1307 } /* }}} int check_resize */
1308
1309 static int pre_loop_hook (pingobj_t *ping) /* {{{ */
1310 {
1311         pingobj_iter_t *iter;
1312         int width = 0;
1313         int height = 0;
1314         int main_win_height;
1315         int box_height = (opt_show_graph == 0) ? 4 : 5;
1316
1317         initscr ();
1318         cbreak ();
1319         noecho ();
1320         nodelay (stdscr, TRUE);
1321
1322         getmaxyx (stdscr, height, width);
1323         if ((height < 1) || (width < 1))
1324                 return (EINVAL);
1325
1326         if (has_colors () == TRUE)
1327         {
1328                 start_color ();
1329                 init_pair (OPING_GREEN,  COLOR_GREEN,  /* default = */ 0);
1330                 init_pair (OPING_YELLOW, COLOR_YELLOW, /* default = */ 0);
1331                 init_pair (OPING_RED,    COLOR_RED,    /* default = */ 0);
1332                 init_pair (OPING_GREEN_HIST,  COLOR_GREEN,  COLOR_BLACK);
1333                 init_pair (OPING_YELLOW_HIST, COLOR_YELLOW, COLOR_GREEN);
1334                 init_pair (OPING_RED_HIST,    COLOR_RED,    COLOR_YELLOW);
1335         }
1336
1337         main_win_height = height - (box_height * host_num);
1338         main_win = newwin (/* height = */ main_win_height,
1339                         /* width = */ width,
1340                         /* y = */ 0, /* x = */ 0);
1341         /* Allow scrolling */
1342         scrollok (main_win, TRUE);
1343         /* wsetscrreg (main_win, 0, main_win_height - 1); */
1344         /* Allow hardware accelerated scrolling. */
1345         idlok (main_win, TRUE);
1346         wmove (main_win, /* y = */ main_win_height - 1, /* x = */ 0);
1347         wrefresh (main_win);
1348
1349         for (iter = ping_iterator_get (ping);
1350                         iter != NULL;
1351                         iter = ping_iterator_next (iter))
1352         {
1353                 ping_context_t *context;
1354
1355                 context = ping_iterator_get_context (iter);
1356                 if (context == NULL)
1357                         continue;
1358
1359                 if (context->window != NULL)
1360                 {
1361                         delwin (context->window);
1362                         context->window = NULL;
1363                 }
1364                 context->window = newwin (/* height = */ box_height,
1365                                 /* width = */ width,
1366                                 /* y = */ main_win_height + (box_height * context->index),
1367                                 /* x = */ 0);
1368         }
1369
1370
1371         /* Don't know what good this does exactly, but without this code
1372          * "check_resize" will be called right after startup and *somehow*
1373          * this leads to display errors. If we purge all initial characters
1374          * here, the problem goes away. "wgetch" is non-blocking due to
1375          * "nodelay" (see above). */
1376         while (wgetch (stdscr) != ERR)
1377         {
1378                 /* eat up characters */;
1379         }
1380
1381         return (0);
1382 } /* }}} int pre_loop_hook */
1383
1384 static int pre_sleep_hook (pingobj_t *ping) /* {{{ */
1385 {
1386         return (check_resize (ping));
1387 } /* }}} int pre_sleep_hook */
1388
1389 static int post_sleep_hook (pingobj_t *ping) /* {{{ */
1390 {
1391         return (check_resize (ping));
1392 } /* }}} int pre_sleep_hook */
1393 #else /* if !USE_NCURSES */
1394 static int pre_loop_hook (pingobj_t *ping) /* {{{ */
1395 {
1396         pingobj_iter_t *iter;
1397
1398         for (iter = ping_iterator_get (ping);
1399                         iter != NULL;
1400                         iter = ping_iterator_next (iter))
1401         {
1402                 ping_context_t *ctx;
1403                 size_t buffer_size;
1404
1405                 ctx = ping_iterator_get_context (iter);
1406                 if (ctx == NULL)
1407                         continue;
1408
1409                 buffer_size = 0;
1410                 ping_iterator_get_info (iter, PING_INFO_DATA, NULL, &buffer_size);
1411
1412                 printf ("PING %s (%s) %zu bytes of data.\n",
1413                                 ctx->host, ctx->addr, buffer_size);
1414         }
1415
1416         return (0);
1417 } /* }}} int pre_loop_hook */
1418
1419 static int pre_sleep_hook (__attribute__((unused)) pingobj_t *ping) /* {{{ */
1420 {
1421         fflush (stdout);
1422
1423         return (0);
1424 } /* }}} int pre_sleep_hook */
1425
1426 static int post_sleep_hook (__attribute__((unused)) pingobj_t *ping) /* {{{ */
1427 {
1428         return (0);
1429 } /* }}} int post_sleep_hook */
1430 #endif
1431
1432 static void update_context (ping_context_t *ctx, double latency) /* {{{ */
1433 {
1434         ctx->req_sent++;
1435
1436         if (latency > 0.0)
1437         {
1438                 ctx->req_rcvd++;
1439                 ctx->latency_total += latency;
1440         }
1441         else
1442         {
1443                 latency = NAN;
1444         }
1445
1446         ctx->history_by_time[ctx->history_index] = latency;
1447
1448         ctx->history_dirty = 1;
1449
1450         /* Update index and size. */
1451         ctx->history_index = (ctx->history_index + 1) % HISTORY_SIZE_MAX;
1452         if (ctx->history_size < HISTORY_SIZE_MAX)
1453                 ctx->history_size++;
1454 } /* }}} void update_context */
1455
1456 static void update_host_hook (pingobj_iter_t *iter, /* {{{ */
1457                 __attribute__((unused)) int index)
1458 {
1459         double          latency;
1460         unsigned int    sequence;
1461         int             recv_ttl;
1462         uint8_t         recv_qos;
1463         char            recv_qos_str[16];
1464         size_t          buffer_len;
1465         size_t          data_len;
1466         ping_context_t *context;
1467
1468         latency = -1.0;
1469         buffer_len = sizeof (latency);
1470         ping_iterator_get_info (iter, PING_INFO_LATENCY,
1471                         &latency, &buffer_len);
1472
1473         sequence = 0;
1474         buffer_len = sizeof (sequence);
1475         ping_iterator_get_info (iter, PING_INFO_SEQUENCE,
1476                         &sequence, &buffer_len);
1477
1478         recv_ttl = -1;
1479         buffer_len = sizeof (recv_ttl);
1480         ping_iterator_get_info (iter, PING_INFO_RECV_TTL,
1481                         &recv_ttl, &buffer_len);
1482
1483         recv_qos = 0;
1484         buffer_len = sizeof (recv_qos);
1485         ping_iterator_get_info (iter, PING_INFO_RECV_QOS,
1486                         &recv_qos, &buffer_len);
1487
1488         data_len = 0;
1489         ping_iterator_get_info (iter, PING_INFO_DATA,
1490                         NULL, &data_len);
1491
1492         context = (ping_context_t *) ping_iterator_get_context (iter);
1493
1494 #if USE_NCURSES
1495 # define HOST_PRINTF(...) wprintw(main_win, __VA_ARGS__)
1496 #else
1497 # define HOST_PRINTF(...) printf(__VA_ARGS__)
1498 #endif
1499
1500         update_context (context, latency);
1501
1502         if (latency > 0.0)
1503         {
1504 #if USE_NCURSES
1505                 if (has_colors () == TRUE)
1506                 {
1507                         double ratio;
1508                         int color = OPING_GREEN;
1509
1510                         ratio = latency_to_ratio (context, latency);
1511                         if (ratio < threshold_green)
1512                                 color = OPING_GREEN;
1513                         else if (ratio < threshold_yellow)
1514                                 color = OPING_YELLOW;
1515                         else
1516                                 color = OPING_RED;
1517
1518                         HOST_PRINTF ("%zu bytes from %s (%s): icmp_seq=%u ttl=%i ",
1519                                         data_len, context->host, context->addr,
1520                                         sequence, recv_ttl,
1521                                         format_qos (recv_qos, recv_qos_str, sizeof (recv_qos_str)));
1522                         if ((recv_qos != 0) || (opt_send_qos != 0))
1523                         {
1524                                 HOST_PRINTF ("qos=%s ",
1525                                                 format_qos (recv_qos, recv_qos_str, sizeof (recv_qos_str)));
1526                         }
1527                         HOST_PRINTF ("time=");
1528                         wattron (main_win, COLOR_PAIR(color));
1529                         HOST_PRINTF ("%.2f", latency);
1530                         wattroff (main_win, COLOR_PAIR(color));
1531                         HOST_PRINTF (" ms\n");
1532                 }
1533                 else
1534                 {
1535 #endif
1536                 HOST_PRINTF ("%zu bytes from %s (%s): icmp_seq=%u ttl=%i ",
1537                                 data_len,
1538                                 context->host, context->addr,
1539                                 sequence, recv_ttl);
1540                 if ((recv_qos != 0) || (opt_send_qos != 0))
1541                 {
1542                         HOST_PRINTF ("qos=%s ",
1543                                         format_qos (recv_qos, recv_qos_str, sizeof (recv_qos_str)));
1544                 }
1545                 HOST_PRINTF ("time=%.2f ms\n", latency);
1546 #if USE_NCURSES
1547                 }
1548 #endif
1549         }
1550         else /* if (!(latency > 0.0)) */
1551         {
1552 #if USE_NCURSES
1553                 if (has_colors () == TRUE)
1554                 {
1555                         HOST_PRINTF ("echo reply from %s (%s): icmp_seq=%u ",
1556                                         context->host, context->addr,
1557                                         sequence);
1558                         wattron (main_win, COLOR_PAIR(OPING_RED) | A_BOLD);
1559                         HOST_PRINTF ("timeout");
1560                         wattroff (main_win, COLOR_PAIR(OPING_RED) | A_BOLD);
1561                         HOST_PRINTF ("\n");
1562                 }
1563                 else
1564                 {
1565 #endif
1566                 HOST_PRINTF ("echo reply from %s (%s): icmp_seq=%u timeout\n",
1567                                 context->host, context->addr,
1568                                 sequence);
1569 #if USE_NCURSES
1570                 }
1571 #endif
1572         }
1573
1574 #if USE_NCURSES
1575         update_stats_from_context (context, iter);
1576         wrefresh (main_win);
1577 #endif
1578 } /* }}} void update_host_hook */
1579
1580 /* Prints statistics for each host, cleans up the contexts and returns the
1581  * number of hosts which failed to return more than the fraction
1582  * opt_exit_status_threshold of pings. */
1583 static int post_loop_hook (pingobj_t *ping) /* {{{ */
1584 {
1585         pingobj_iter_t *iter;
1586         int failure_count = 0;
1587
1588 #if USE_NCURSES
1589         endwin ();
1590 #endif
1591
1592         for (iter = ping_iterator_get (ping);
1593                         iter != NULL;
1594                         iter = ping_iterator_next (iter))
1595         {
1596                 ping_context_t *context;
1597
1598                 context = ping_iterator_get_context (iter);
1599
1600                 printf ("\n--- %s ping statistics ---\n"
1601                                 "%i packets transmitted, %i received, %.2f%% packet loss, time %.1fms\n",
1602                                 context->host, context->req_sent, context->req_rcvd,
1603                                 context_get_packet_loss (context),
1604                                 context->latency_total);
1605
1606                 {
1607                         double pct_failed = 1.0 - (((double) context->req_rcvd)
1608                                         / ((double) context->req_sent));
1609                         if (pct_failed > opt_exit_status_threshold)
1610                                 failure_count++;
1611                 }
1612
1613                 if (context->req_rcvd != 0)
1614                 {
1615                         double min;
1616                         double median;
1617                         double max;
1618                         double percentile;
1619
1620                         min = percentile_to_latency (context, 0.0);
1621                         median = percentile_to_latency (context, 50.0);
1622                         max = percentile_to_latency (context, 100.0);
1623                         percentile = percentile_to_latency (context, opt_percentile);
1624
1625                         printf ("RTT[ms]: min = %.0f, median = %.0f, p(%.0f) = %.0f, max = %.0f\n",
1626                                         min, median, opt_percentile, percentile, max);
1627                 }
1628
1629                 ping_iterator_set_context (iter, NULL);
1630                 context_destroy (context);
1631         }
1632
1633         return (failure_count);
1634 } /* }}} int post_loop_hook */
1635
1636 int main (int argc, char **argv) /* {{{ */
1637 {
1638         pingobj_t      *ping;
1639         pingobj_iter_t *iter;
1640
1641         struct sigaction sigint_action;
1642
1643         struct timeval  tv_begin;
1644         struct timeval  tv_end;
1645         struct timespec ts_wait;
1646         struct timespec ts_int;
1647
1648         int optind;
1649         int i;
1650         int status;
1651 #if _POSIX_SAVED_IDS
1652         uid_t saved_set_uid;
1653
1654         /* Save the old effective user id */
1655         saved_set_uid = geteuid ();
1656         /* Set the effective user ID to the real user ID without changing the
1657          * saved set-user ID */
1658         status = seteuid (getuid ());
1659         if (status != 0)
1660         {
1661                 fprintf (stderr, "Temporarily dropping privileges "
1662                                 "failed: %s\n", strerror (errno));
1663                 exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
1664         }
1665 #endif
1666
1667         setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
1668         optind = read_options (argc, argv);
1669
1670 #if !_POSIX_SAVED_IDS
1671         /* Cannot temporarily drop privileges -> reject every file but "-". */
1672         if ((opt_filename != NULL)
1673                         && (strcmp ("-", opt_filename) != 0)
1674                         && (getuid () != geteuid ()))
1675         {
1676                 fprintf (stderr, "Your real and effective user IDs don't "
1677                                 "match. Reading from a file (option '-f')\n"
1678                                 "is therefore too risky. You can still read "
1679                                 "from STDIN using '-f -' if you like.\n"
1680                                 "Sorry.\n");
1681                 exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
1682         }
1683 #endif
1684
1685         if ((optind >= argc) && (opt_filename == NULL)) {
1686                 usage_exit (argv[0], 1);
1687         }
1688
1689         if ((ping = ping_construct ()) == NULL)
1690         {
1691                 fprintf (stderr, "ping_construct failed\n");
1692                 return (1);
1693         }
1694
1695         if (ping_setopt (ping, PING_OPT_TTL, &opt_send_ttl) != 0)
1696         {
1697                 fprintf (stderr, "Setting TTL to %i failed: %s\n",
1698                                 opt_send_ttl, ping_get_error (ping));
1699         }
1700
1701         if (ping_setopt (ping, PING_OPT_QOS, &opt_send_qos) != 0)
1702         {
1703                 fprintf (stderr, "Setting TOS to %i failed: %s\n",
1704                                 opt_send_qos, ping_get_error (ping));
1705         }
1706
1707         {
1708                 double temp_sec;
1709                 double temp_nsec;
1710
1711                 temp_nsec = modf (opt_interval, &temp_sec);
1712                 ts_int.tv_sec  = (time_t) temp_sec;
1713                 ts_int.tv_nsec = (long) (temp_nsec * 1000000000L);
1714
1715                 /* printf ("ts_int = %i.%09li\n", (int) ts_int.tv_sec, ts_int.tv_nsec); */
1716         }
1717
1718         if (opt_addrfamily != PING_DEF_AF)
1719                 ping_setopt (ping, PING_OPT_AF, (void *) &opt_addrfamily);
1720
1721         if (opt_srcaddr != NULL)
1722         {
1723                 if (ping_setopt (ping, PING_OPT_SOURCE, (void *) opt_srcaddr) != 0)
1724                 {
1725                         fprintf (stderr, "Setting source address failed: %s\n",
1726                                         ping_get_error (ping));
1727                 }
1728         }
1729
1730         if (opt_device != NULL)
1731         {
1732                 if (ping_setopt (ping, PING_OPT_DEVICE, (void *) opt_device) != 0)
1733                 {
1734                         fprintf (stderr, "Setting device failed: %s\n",
1735                                         ping_get_error (ping));
1736                 }
1737         }
1738
1739         if (opt_filename != NULL)
1740         {
1741                 FILE *infile;
1742                 char line[256];
1743                 char host[256];
1744
1745                 if (strcmp (opt_filename, "-") == 0)
1746                         /* Open STDIN */
1747                         infile = fdopen(0, "r");
1748                 else
1749                         infile = fopen(opt_filename, "r");
1750
1751                 if (infile == NULL)
1752                 {
1753                         fprintf (stderr, "Opening %s failed: %s\n",
1754                                         (strcmp (opt_filename, "-") == 0)
1755                                         ? "STDIN" : opt_filename,
1756                                         strerror(errno));
1757                         return (1);
1758                 }
1759
1760 #if _POSIX_SAVED_IDS
1761                 /* Regain privileges */
1762                 status = seteuid (saved_set_uid);
1763                 if (status != 0)
1764                 {
1765                         fprintf (stderr, "Temporarily re-gaining privileges "
1766                                         "failed: %s\n", strerror (errno));
1767                         exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
1768                 }
1769 #endif
1770
1771                 while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), infile))
1772                 {
1773                         /* Strip whitespace */
1774                         if (sscanf(line, "%s", host) != 1)
1775                                 continue;
1776
1777                         if ((host[0] == 0) || (host[0] == '#'))
1778                                 continue;
1779
1780                         if (ping_host_add(ping, host) < 0)
1781                         {
1782                                 const char *errmsg = ping_get_error (ping);
1783
1784                                 fprintf (stderr, "Adding host `%s' failed: %s\n", host, errmsg);
1785                                 continue;
1786                         }
1787                         else
1788                         {
1789                                 host_num++;
1790                         }
1791                 }
1792
1793 #if _POSIX_SAVED_IDS
1794                 /* Drop privileges */
1795                 status = seteuid (getuid ());
1796                 if (status != 0)
1797                 {
1798                         fprintf (stderr, "Temporarily dropping privileges "
1799                                         "failed: %s\n", strerror (errno));
1800                         exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
1801                 }
1802 #endif
1803
1804                 fclose(infile);
1805         }
1806
1807 #if _POSIX_SAVED_IDS
1808         /* Regain privileges */
1809         status = seteuid (saved_set_uid);
1810         if (status != 0)
1811         {
1812                 fprintf (stderr, "Temporarily re-gaining privileges "
1813                                 "failed: %s\n", strerror (errno));
1814                 exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
1815         }
1816 #endif
1817
1818         for (i = optind; i < argc; i++)
1819         {
1820                 if (ping_host_add (ping, argv[i]) < 0)
1821                 {
1822                         const char *errmsg = ping_get_error (ping);
1823
1824                         fprintf (stderr, "Adding host `%s' failed: %s\n", argv[i], errmsg);
1825                         continue;
1826                 }
1827                 else
1828                 {
1829                         host_num++;
1830                 }
1831         }
1832
1833         /* Permanently drop root privileges if we're setuid-root. */
1834         status = setuid (getuid ());
1835         if (status != 0)
1836         {
1837                 fprintf (stderr, "Dropping privileges failed: %s\n",
1838                                 strerror (errno));
1839                 exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
1840         }
1841
1842         if (host_num == 0)
1843                 exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
1844
1845 #if _POSIX_SAVED_IDS
1846         saved_set_uid = (uid_t) -1;
1847 #endif
1848
1849         ping_initialize_contexts (ping);
1850
1851         if (i == 0)
1852                 return (1);
1853
1854         memset (&sigint_action, '\0', sizeof (sigint_action));
1855         sigint_action.sa_handler = sigint_handler;
1856         if (sigaction (SIGINT, &sigint_action, NULL) < 0)
1857         {
1858                 perror ("sigaction");
1859                 return (1);
1860         }
1861
1862         pre_loop_hook (ping);
1863
1864         while (opt_count != 0)
1865         {
1866                 int index;
1867                 int status;
1868
1869                 if (gettimeofday (&tv_begin, NULL) < 0)
1870                 {
1871                         perror ("gettimeofday");
1872                         return (1);
1873                 }
1874
1875                 status = ping_send (ping);
1876                 if (status == -EINTR)
1877                 {
1878                         continue;
1879                 }
1880                 else if (status < 0)
1881                 {
1882                         fprintf (stderr, "ping_send failed: %s\n",
1883                                         ping_get_error (ping));
1884                         return (1);
1885                 }
1886
1887                 index = 0;
1888                 for (iter = ping_iterator_get (ping);
1889                                 iter != NULL;
1890                                 iter = ping_iterator_next (iter))
1891                 {
1892                         update_host_hook (iter, index);
1893                         index++;
1894                 }
1895
1896                 pre_sleep_hook (ping);
1897
1898                 /* Don't sleep in the last iteration */
1899                 if (opt_count == 1)
1900                         break;
1901
1902                 if (gettimeofday (&tv_end, NULL) < 0)
1903                 {
1904                         perror ("gettimeofday");
1905                         return (1);
1906                 }
1907
1908                 time_calc (&ts_wait, &ts_int, &tv_begin, &tv_end);
1909
1910                 /* printf ("Sleeping for %i.%09li seconds\n", (int) ts_wait.tv_sec, ts_wait.tv_nsec); */
1911                 while ((status = nanosleep (&ts_wait, &ts_wait)) != 0)
1912                 {
1913                         if (errno == EINTR)
1914                         {
1915                                 continue;
1916                         }
1917                         else
1918                         {
1919                                 perror ("nanosleep");
1920                                 break;
1921                         }
1922                 }
1923
1924                 post_sleep_hook (ping);
1925
1926                 if (opt_count > 0)
1927                         opt_count--;
1928         } /* while (opt_count != 0) */
1929
1930         /* Returns the number of failed hosts according to -Z. */
1931         status = post_loop_hook (ping);
1932
1933         ping_destroy (ping);
1934
1935         if (status == 0)
1936                 exit (EXIT_SUCCESS);
1937         else
1938         {
1939                 if (status > 255)
1940                         status = 255;
1941                 exit (status);
1942         }
1943 } /* }}} int main */
1944
1945 /* vim: set fdm=marker : */