src/oping.c

   1 /**
   2  * Object oriented C module to send ICMP and ICMPv6 `echo's.
   3  * Copyright (C) 2006-2014  Florian octo Forster <ff at octo.it>
   4  *
   5  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
   6  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   7  * the Free Software Foundation; only version 2 of the License is
   8  * applicable.
   9  *
  10  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  11  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  12  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  13  * GNU General Public License for more details.
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  16  * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
  17  * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA
  18  */
  19
  20 #if HAVE_CONFIG_H
  21 # include <config.h>
  22 #endif
  23
  24 #if STDC_HEADERS
  25 # include <stdlib.h>
  26 # include <stdio.h>
  27 # include <string.h>
  28 # include <stdint.h>
  29 # include <inttypes.h>
  30 # include <errno.h>
  31 # include <assert.h>
  32 #else
  33 # error "You don't have the standard C99 header files installed"
  34 #endif /* STDC_HEADERS */
  35
  36 #if HAVE_UNISTD_H
  37 # include <unistd.h>
  38 #endif
  39
  40 #if HAVE_MATH_H
  41 # include <math.h>
  42 #endif
  43
  44 #if TIME_WITH_SYS_TIME
  45 # include <sys/time.h>
  46 # include <time.h>
  47 #else
  48 # if HAVE_SYS_TIME_H
  49 #  include <sys/time.h>
  50 # else
  51 #  include <time.h>
  52 # endif
  53 #endif
  54
  55 #if HAVE_SYS_SOCKET_H
  56 # include <sys/socket.h>
  57 #endif
  58 #if HAVE_NETINET_IN_H
  59 # include <netinet/in.h>
  60 #endif
  61 #if HAVE_NETINET_IP_H
  62 # include <netinet/ip.h>
  63 #endif
  64
  65 #if HAVE_NETDB_H
  66 # include <netdb.h> /* NI_MAXHOST */
  67 #endif
  68
  69 #if HAVE_SIGNAL_H
  70 # include <signal.h>
  71 #endif
  72
  73 #if HAVE_SYS_TYPES_H
  74 #include <sys/types.h>
  75 #endif
  76
  77 #include <locale.h>
  78 #include <langinfo.h>
  79
  80 #if USE_NCURSES
  81 # define NCURSES_OPAQUE 1
  82 /* http://newsgroups.derkeiler.com/Archive/Rec/rec.games.roguelike.development/2010-09/msg00050.html */
  83 # define _X_OPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED
  84
  85 # if HAVE_NCURSESW_NCURSES_H
  86 #  include <ncursesw/ncurses.h>
  87 # elif HAVE_NCURSES_H
  88 #  include <ncurses.h>
  89 # endif
  90
  91 # define OPING_GREEN 1
  92 # define OPING_YELLOW 2
  93 # define OPING_RED 3
  94 # define OPING_GREEN_HIST 4
  95 # define OPING_YELLOW_HIST 5
  96 # define OPING_RED_HIST 6
  97
  98 double const threshold_green = 0.8;
  99 double const threshold_yellow = 0.95;
 100
 101 static char const * const hist_symbols_utf8[] = {
 102         "▁", "▂", "▃", "▄", "▅", "▆", "▇", "█" };
 103 static size_t const hist_symbols_utf8_num = sizeof (hist_symbols_utf8)
 104         / sizeof (hist_symbols_utf8[0]);
 105
 106 /* scancodes for 6 levels of horizontal bars, ncurses-specific */
 107 /* those are not the usual constants because those are not constant */
 108 static int const hist_symbols_acs[] = {
 109         115, /* ACS_S9 "⎽" */
 110         114, /* ACS_S7 "⎼" */
 111         113, /* ACS_S5 "─" */
 112         112, /* ACS_S3 "⎻" */
 113         111  /* ACS_S1 "⎺" */
 114 };
 115 static size_t const hist_symbols_acs_num = sizeof (hist_symbols_acs)
 116         / sizeof (hist_symbols_acs[0]);
 117
 118 /* use different colors without a background for scancodes */
 119 static int const hist_colors_utf8[] = {
 120         OPING_GREEN_HIST, OPING_YELLOW_HIST, OPING_RED_HIST };
 121 static int const hist_colors_acs[] = {
 122         OPING_GREEN, OPING_YELLOW, OPING_RED };
 123 /* assuming that both arrays are the same size */
 124 static size_t const hist_colors_num = sizeof (hist_colors_utf8)
 125         / sizeof (hist_colors_utf8[0]);
 126 #endif
 127
 128 /* "─" */
 129 #define BOXPLOT_WHISKER_BAR       (113 | A_ALTCHARSET)
 130 /* "├" */
 131 #define BOXPLOT_WHISKER_LEFT_END  (116 | A_ALTCHARSET)
 132 /* "┤" */
 133 #define BOXPLOT_WHISKER_RIGHT_END (117 | A_ALTCHARSET)
 134 /* Inverted */
 135 #define BOXPLOT_BOX               ' '
 136 /* "│", inverted */
 137 #define BOXPLOT_MEDIAN            (120 | A_ALTCHARSET)
 138
 139 #include "oping.h"
 140
 141 #ifndef _POSIX_SAVED_IDS
 142 # define _POSIX_SAVED_IDS 0
 143 #endif
 144
 145 #ifndef IPTOS_MINCOST
 146 # define IPTOS_MINCOST 0x02
 147 #endif
 148
 149 /* Remove GNU specific __attribute__ settings when using another compiler */
 150 #if !__GNUC__
 151 # define __attribute__(x) /**/
 152 #endif
 153
 154 typedef struct ping_context
 155 {
 156         char host[NI_MAXHOST];
 157         char addr[NI_MAXHOST];
 158
 159         int index;
 160         int req_sent;
 161         int req_rcvd;
 162
 163         double latency_total;
 164
 165 #ifndef HISTORY_SIZE_MAX
 166 # define HISTORY_SIZE_MAX 900
 167 #endif
 168         /* The last n RTTs in the order they were sent. */
 169         double history_by_time[HISTORY_SIZE_MAX];
 170
 171         /* Current number of entries in the history. This is a value between 0
 172          * and HISTORY_SIZE_MAX. */
 173         size_t history_size;
 174
 175         /* Number "received" entries in the history, i.e. non-NAN entries. */
 176         size_t history_received;
 177
 178         /* Index of the next RTT to be written to history_by_time. This wraps
 179          * around to 0 once the histroty has grown to HISTORY_SIZE_MAX. */
 180         size_t history_index;
 181
 182         /* The last history_size RTTs sorted by value. timed out packets (NAN
 183          * entries) are sorted to the back. */
 184         double history_by_value[HISTORY_SIZE_MAX];
 185
 186         /* If set to true, history_by_value has to be re-calculated. */
 187         _Bool history_dirty;
 188
 189 #if USE_NCURSES
 190         WINDOW *window;
 191 #endif
 192 } ping_context_t;
 193
 194 static double  opt_interval   = 1.0;
 195 static int     opt_addrfamily = PING_DEF_AF;
 196 static char   *opt_srcaddr    = NULL;
 197 static char   *opt_device     = NULL;
 198 static char   *opt_filename   = NULL;
 199 static int     opt_count      = -1;
 200 static int     opt_send_ttl   = 64;
 201 static uint8_t opt_send_qos   = 0;
 202 #define OPING_DEFAULT_PERCENTILE 95.0
 203 static double  opt_percentile = -1.0;
 204 static double  opt_exit_status_threshold = 1.0;
 205 #if USE_NCURSES
 206 static int     opt_show_graph = 1;
 207 static int     opt_utf8       = 0;
 208 #endif
 209
 210 static int host_num = 0;
 211
 212 #if USE_NCURSES
 213 static WINDOW *main_win = NULL;
 214 #endif
 215
 216 static void sigint_handler (int signal) /* {{{ */
 217 {
 218         /* Make compiler happy */
 219         signal = 0;
 220         /* Exit the loop */
 221         opt_count = 0;
 222 } /* }}} void sigint_handler */
 223
 224 static ping_context_t *context_create (void) /* {{{ */
 225 {
 226         ping_context_t *ret;
 227
 228         if ((ret = malloc (sizeof (ping_context_t))) == NULL)
 229                 return (NULL);
 230
 231         memset (ret, '\0', sizeof (ping_context_t));
 232
 233         ret->latency_total = 0.0;
 234
 235 #if USE_NCURSES
 236         ret->window = NULL;
 237 #endif
 238
 239         return (ret);
 240 } /* }}} ping_context_t *context_create */
 241
 242 static void context_destroy (ping_context_t *context) /* {{{ */
 243 {
 244         if (context == NULL)
 245                 return;
 246
 247 #if USE_NCURSES
 248         if (context->window != NULL)
 249         {
 250                 delwin (context->window);
 251                 context->window = NULL;
 252         }
 253 #endif
 254
 255         free (context);
 256 } /* }}} void context_destroy */
 257
 258 static int compare_double (void const *arg0, void const *arg1) /* {{{ */
 259 {
 260         double dbl0 = *((double *) arg0);
 261         double dbl1 = *((double *) arg1);
 262
 263         if (isnan (dbl0))
 264         {
 265                 if (isnan (dbl1))
 266                         return 0;
 267                 else
 268                         return 1;
 269         }
 270         else if (isnan (dbl1))
 271                 return -1;
 272         else if (dbl0 < dbl1)
 273                 return -1;
 274         else if (dbl0 > dbl1)
 275                 return 1;
 276         else
 277                 return 0;
 278 } /* }}} int compare_double */
 279
 280 static void clean_history (ping_context_t *ctx) /* {{{ */
 281 {
 282         size_t i;
 283
 284         if (!ctx->history_dirty)
 285                 return;
 286
 287         /* Copy all values from by_time to by_value. */
 288         memcpy (ctx->history_by_value, ctx->history_by_time,
 289                         sizeof (ctx->history_by_time));
 290
 291         /* Sort all RTTs. */
 292         qsort (ctx->history_by_value, ctx->history_size, sizeof
 293                         (ctx->history_by_value[0]), compare_double);
 294
 295         /* Update the number of received RTTs. */
 296         ctx->history_received = 0;
 297         for (i = 0; i < ctx->history_size; i++)
 298                 if (!isnan (ctx->history_by_value[i]))
 299                         ctx->history_received++;
 300
 301         /* Mark as clean. */
 302         ctx->history_dirty = 0;
 303 } /* }}} void clean_history */
 304
 305 static double percentile_to_latency (ping_context_t *ctx, /* {{{ */
 306                 double percentile)
 307 {
 308         size_t index;
 309
 310         clean_history (ctx);
 311
 312         /* Not a single packet was received successfully. */
 313         if (ctx->history_received == 0)
 314                 return NAN;
 315
 316         if (percentile <= 0.0)
 317                 index = 0;
 318         else if (percentile >= 100.0)
 319                 index = ctx->history_received - 1;
 320         else
 321         {
 322                 index = (size_t) ceil ((percentile / 100.0) * ((double) ctx->history_received));
 323                 assert (index > 0);
 324                 index--;
 325         }
 326
 327         return (ctx->history_by_value[index]);
 328 } /* }}} double percentile_to_latency */
 329
 330 #if USE_NCURSES
 331 static double latency_to_ratio (ping_context_t *ctx, /* {{{ */
 332                 double latency)
 333 {
 334         size_t low;
 335         size_t high;
 336         size_t index;
 337
 338         clean_history (ctx);
 339
 340         /* Not a single packet was received successfully. */
 341         if (ctx->history_received == 0)
 342                 return NAN;
 343
 344         low = 0;
 345         high = ctx->history_received - 1;
 346
 347         if (latency < ctx->history_by_value[low])
 348                 return 0.0;
 349         else if (latency >= ctx->history_by_value[high])
 350                 return 100.0;
 351
 352         /* Do a binary search for the latency. This will work even when the
 353          * exact latency is not in the array. If the latency is in the array
 354          * multiple times, "low" will be set to the index of the last
 355          * occurrence. The value at index "high" will be larger than the
 356          * searched for latency (assured by the above "if" block. */
 357         while ((high - low) > 1)
 358         {
 359                 index = (high + low) / 2;
 360
 361                 if (ctx->history_by_value[index] > latency)
 362                         high = index;
 363                 else
 364                         low = index;
 365         }
 366
 367         assert (ctx->history_by_value[high] > latency);
 368         assert (ctx->history_by_value[low] <= latency);
 369
 370         if (ctx->history_by_value[low] == latency)
 371                 index = low;
 372         else
 373                 index = high;
 374
 375         return (((double) (index + 1)) / ((double) ctx->history_received));
 376 } /* }}} double latency_to_ratio */
 377 #endif
 378
 379 static double context_get_packet_loss (const ping_context_t *ctx) /* {{{ */
 380 {
 381         if (ctx == NULL)
 382                 return (-1.0);
 383
 384         if (ctx->req_sent < 1)
 385                 return (0.0);
 386
 387         return (100.0 * (ctx->req_sent - ctx->req_rcvd)
 388                         / ((double) ctx->req_sent));
 389 } /* }}} double context_get_packet_loss */
 390
 391 static int ping_initialize_contexts (pingobj_t *ping) /* {{{ */
 392 {
 393         pingobj_iter_t *iter;
 394         int index;
 395
 396         if (ping == NULL)
 397                 return (EINVAL);
 398
 399         index = 0;
 400         for (iter = ping_iterator_get (ping);
 401                         iter != NULL;
 402                         iter = ping_iterator_next (iter))
 403         {
 404                 ping_context_t *context;
 405                 size_t buffer_size;
 406
 407                 context = context_create ();
 408                 context->index = index;
 409
 410                 buffer_size = sizeof (context->host);
 411                 ping_iterator_get_info (iter, PING_INFO_HOSTNAME, context->host, &buffer_size);
 412
 413                 buffer_size = sizeof (context->addr);
 414                 ping_iterator_get_info (iter, PING_INFO_ADDRESS, context->addr, &buffer_size);
 415
 416                 ping_iterator_set_context (iter, (void *) context);
 417
 418                 index++;
 419         }
 420
 421         return (0);
 422 } /* }}} int ping_initialize_contexts */
 423
 424 static void usage_exit (const char *name, int status) /* {{{ */
 425 {
 426         fprintf (stderr, "Usage: %s [OPTIONS] "
 427                                 "-f filename | host [host [host ...]]\n"
 428
 429                         "\nAvailable options:\n"
 430                         "  -4|-6        force the use of IPv4 or IPv6\n"
 431                         "  -c count     number of ICMP packets to send\n"
 432                         "  -i interval  interval with which to send ICMP packets\n"
 433                         "  -t ttl       time to live for each ICMP packet\n"
 434                         "  -Q qos       Quality of Service (QoS) of outgoing packets\n"
 435                         "               Use \"-Q help\" for a list of valid options.\n"
 436                         "  -I srcaddr   source address\n"
 437                         "  -D device    outgoing interface name\n"
 438                         "  -f filename  filename to read hosts from\n"
 439 #if USE_NCURSES
 440                         "  -u / -U      force / disable UTF-8 output\n"
 441                         "  -g graph     graph type to draw\n"
 442 #endif
 443                         "  -P percent   Report the n'th percentile of latency\n"
 444                         "  -Z percent   Exit with non-zero exit status if more than this percentage of\n"
 445                         "               probes timed out. (default: never)\n"
 446
 447                         "\noping "PACKAGE_VERSION", http://verplant.org/liboping/\n"
 448                         "by Florian octo Forster <octo@verplant.org>\n"
 449                         "for contributions see `AUTHORS'\n",
 450                         name);
 451         exit (status);
 452 } /* }}} void usage_exit */
 453
 454 __attribute__((noreturn))
 455 static void usage_qos_exit (const char *arg, int status) /* {{{ */
 456 {
 457         if (arg != 0)
 458                 fprintf (stderr, "Invalid QoS argument: \"%s\"\n\n", arg);
 459
 460         fprintf (stderr, "Valid QoS arguments (option \"-Q\") are:\n"
 461                         "\n"
 462                         "  Differentiated Services (IPv4 and IPv6, RFC 2474)\n"
 463                         "\n"
 464                         "    be                     Best Effort (BE, default PHB).\n"
 465                         "    ef                     Expedited Forwarding (EF) PHB group (RFC 3246).\n"
 466                         "                           (low delay, low loss, low jitter)\n"
 467                         "    va                     Voice Admit (VA) DSCP (RFC 5865).\n"
 468                         "                           (capacity-admitted traffic)\n"
 469                         "    af[1-4][1-3]           Assured Forwarding (AF) PHB group (RFC 2597).\n"
 470                         "                           For example: \"af12\" (class 1, precedence 2)\n"
 471                         "    cs[0-7]                Class Selector (CS) PHB group (RFC 2474).\n"
 472                         "                           For example: \"cs1\" (priority traffic)\n"
 473                         "\n"
 474                         "  Type of Service (IPv4, RFC 1349, obsolete)\n"
 475                         "\n"
 476                         "    lowdelay     (%#04x)    minimize delay\n"
 477                         "    throughput   (%#04x)    maximize throughput\n"
 478                         "    reliability  (%#04x)    maximize reliability\n"
 479                         "    mincost      (%#04x)    minimize monetary cost\n"
 480                         "\n"
 481                         "  Specify manually\n"
 482                         "\n"
 483                         "    0x00 - 0xff            Hexadecimal numeric specification.\n"
 484                         "       0 -  255            Decimal numeric specification.\n"
 485                         "\n",
 486                         (unsigned int) IPTOS_LOWDELAY,
 487                         (unsigned int) IPTOS_THROUGHPUT,
 488                         (unsigned int) IPTOS_RELIABILITY,
 489                         (unsigned int) IPTOS_MINCOST);
 490
 491         exit (status);
 492 } /* }}} void usage_qos_exit */
 493
 494 static int set_opt_send_qos (const char *opt) /* {{{ */
 495 {
 496         if (opt == NULL)
 497                 return (EINVAL);
 498
 499         if (strcasecmp ("help", opt) == 0)
 500                 usage_qos_exit (/* arg = */ NULL, /* status = */ EXIT_SUCCESS);
 501         /* DiffServ (RFC 2474): */
 502         /* - Best effort (BE) */
 503         else if (strcasecmp ("be", opt) == 0)
 504                 opt_send_qos = 0;
 505         /* - Expedited Forwarding (EF, RFC 3246) */
 506         else if (strcasecmp ("ef", opt) == 0)
 507                 opt_send_qos = 0xB8; /* == 0x2E << 2 */
 508         /* - Voice Admit (VA, RFC 5865) */
 509         else if (strcasecmp ("va", opt) == 0)
 510                 opt_send_qos = 0xB0; /* == 0x2D << 2 */
 511         /* - Assured Forwarding (AF, RFC 2597) */
 512         else if ((strncasecmp ("af", opt, strlen ("af")) == 0)
 513                         && (strlen (opt) == 4))
 514         {
 515                 uint8_t dscp;
 516                 uint8_t class = 0;
 517                 uint8_t prec = 0;
 518
 519                 /* There are four classes, AF1x, AF2x, AF3x, and AF4x. */
 520                 if (opt[2] == '1')
 521                         class = 1;
 522                 else if (opt[2] == '2')
 523                         class = 2;
 524                 else if (opt[2] == '3')
 525                         class = 3;
 526                 else if (opt[2] == '4')
 527                         class = 4;
 528                 else
 529                         usage_qos_exit (/* arg = */ opt, /* status = */ EXIT_SUCCESS);
 530
 531                 /* In each class, there are three precedences, AFx1, AFx2, and AFx3 */
 532                 if (opt[3] == '1')
 533                         prec = 1;
 534                 else if (opt[3] == '2')
 535                         prec = 2;
 536                 else if (opt[3] == '3')
 537                         prec = 3;
 538                 else
 539                         usage_qos_exit (/* arg = */ opt, /* status = */ EXIT_SUCCESS);
 540
 541                 dscp = (8 * class) + (2 * prec);
 542                 /* The lower two bits are used for Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN) */
 543                 opt_send_qos = dscp << 2;
 544         }
 545         /* - Class Selector (CS) */
 546         else if ((strncasecmp ("cs", opt, strlen ("cs")) == 0)
 547                         && (strlen (opt) == 3))
 548         {
 549                 uint8_t class;
 550
 551                 if ((opt[2] < '0') || (opt[2] > '7'))
 552                         usage_qos_exit (/* arg = */ opt, /* status = */ EXIT_FAILURE);
 553
 554                 /* Not exactly legal by the C standard, but I don't know of any
 555                  * system not supporting this hack. */
 556                 class = ((uint8_t) opt[2]) - ((uint8_t) '0');
 557                 opt_send_qos = class << 5;
 558         }
 559         /* Type of Service (RFC 1349) */
 560         else if (strcasecmp ("lowdelay", opt) == 0)
 561                 opt_send_qos = IPTOS_LOWDELAY;
 562         else if (strcasecmp ("throughput", opt) == 0)
 563                 opt_send_qos = IPTOS_THROUGHPUT;
 564         else if (strcasecmp ("reliability", opt) == 0)
 565                 opt_send_qos = IPTOS_RELIABILITY;
 566         else if (strcasecmp ("mincost", opt) == 0)
 567                 opt_send_qos = IPTOS_MINCOST;
 568         /* Numeric value */
 569         else
 570         {
 571                 unsigned long value;
 572                 char *endptr;
 573
 574                 errno = 0;
 575                 endptr = NULL;
 576                 value = strtoul (opt, &endptr, /* base = */ 0);
 577                 if ((errno != 0) || (endptr == opt)
 578                                 || (endptr == NULL) || (*endptr != 0)
 579                                 || (value > 0xff))
 580                         usage_qos_exit (/* arg = */ opt, /* status = */ EXIT_FAILURE);
 581
 582                 opt_send_qos = (uint8_t) value;
 583         }
 584
 585         return (0);
 586 } /* }}} int set_opt_send_qos */
 587
 588 static char *format_qos (uint8_t qos, char *buffer, size_t buffer_size) /* {{{ */
 589 {
 590         uint8_t dscp;
 591         uint8_t ecn;
 592         char *dscp_str;
 593         char *ecn_str;
 594
 595         dscp = qos >> 2;
 596         ecn = qos & 0x03;
 597
 598         switch (dscp)
 599         {
 600                 case 0x00: dscp_str = "be";  break;
 601                 case 0x2e: dscp_str = "ef";  break;
 602                 case 0x2d: dscp_str = "va";  break;
 603                 case 0x0a: dscp_str = "af11"; break;
 604                 case 0x0c: dscp_str = "af12"; break;
 605                 case 0x0e: dscp_str = "af13"; break;
 606                 case 0x12: dscp_str = "af21"; break;
 607                 case 0x14: dscp_str = "af22"; break;
 608                 case 0x16: dscp_str = "af23"; break;
 609                 case 0x1a: dscp_str = "af31"; break;
 610                 case 0x1c: dscp_str = "af32"; break;
 611                 case 0x1e: dscp_str = "af33"; break;
 612                 case 0x22: dscp_str = "af41"; break;
 613                 case 0x24: dscp_str = "af42"; break;
 614                 case 0x26: dscp_str = "af43"; break;
 615                 case 0x08: dscp_str = "cs1";  break;
 616                 case 0x10: dscp_str = "cs2";  break;
 617                 case 0x18: dscp_str = "cs3";  break;
 618                 case 0x20: dscp_str = "cs4";  break;
 619                 case 0x28: dscp_str = "cs5";  break;
 620                 case 0x30: dscp_str = "cs6";  break;
 621                 case 0x38: dscp_str = "cs7";  break;
 622                 default:   dscp_str = NULL;
 623         }
 624
 625         switch (ecn)
 626         {
 627                 case 0x01: ecn_str = ",ecn(1)"; break;
 628                 case 0x02: ecn_str = ",ecn(0)"; break;
 629                 case 0x03: ecn_str = ",ce"; break;
 630                 default:   ecn_str = "";
 631         }
 632
 633         if (dscp_str == NULL)
 634                 snprintf (buffer, buffer_size, "0x%02x%s", dscp, ecn_str);
 635         else
 636                 snprintf (buffer, buffer_size, "%s%s", dscp_str, ecn_str);
 637         buffer[buffer_size - 1] = 0;
 638
 639         return (buffer);
 640 } /* }}} char *format_qos */
 641
 642 static int read_options (int argc, char **argv) /* {{{ */
 643 {
 644         int optchar;
 645
 646         while (1)
 647         {
 648                 optchar = getopt (argc, argv, "46c:hi:I:t:Q:f:D:Z:P:"
 649 #if USE_NCURSES
 650                                 "uUg:"
 651 #endif
 652                                 );
 653
 654                 if (optchar == -1)
 655                         break;
 656
 657                 switch (optchar)
 658                 {
 659                         case '4':
 660                         case '6':
 661                                 opt_addrfamily = (optchar == '4') ? AF_INET : AF_INET6;
 662                                 break;
 663
 664                         case 'c':
 665                                 {
 666                                         int new_count;
 667                                         new_count = atoi (optarg);
 668                                         if (new_count > 0)
 669                                         {
 670                                                 opt_count = new_count;
 671
 672                                                 if ((opt_percentile < 0.0) && (opt_count < 20))
 673                                                         opt_percentile = 100.0 * (opt_count - 1) / opt_count;
 674                                         }
 675                                         else
 676                                                 fprintf(stderr, "Ignoring invalid count: %s\n",
 677                                                                 optarg);
 678                                 }
 679                                 break;
 680
 681                         case 'f':
 682                                 {
 683                                         if (opt_filename != NULL)
 684                                                 free (opt_filename);
 685                                         opt_filename = strdup (optarg);
 686                                 }
 687                                 break;
 688
 689                         case 'i':
 690                                 {
 691                                         double new_interval;
 692                                         new_interval = atof (optarg);
 693                                         if (new_interval < 0.001)
 694                                                 fprintf (stderr, "Ignoring invalid interval: %s\n",
 695                                                                 optarg);
 696                                         else
 697                                                 opt_interval = new_interval;
 698                                 }
 699                                 break;
 700
 701                         case 'I':
 702                                 {
 703                                         if (opt_srcaddr != NULL)
 704                                                 free (opt_srcaddr);
 705                                         opt_srcaddr = strdup (optarg);
 706                                 }
 707                                 break;
 708
 709                         case 'D':
 710                                 opt_device = optarg;
 711                                 break;
 712
 713                         case 't':
 714                         {
 715                                 int new_send_ttl;
 716                                 new_send_ttl = atoi (optarg);
 717                                 if ((new_send_ttl > 0) && (new_send_ttl < 256))
 718                                         opt_send_ttl = new_send_ttl;
 719                                 else
 720                                         fprintf (stderr, "Ignoring invalid TTL argument: %s\n",
 721                                                         optarg);
 722                                 break;
 723                         }
 724
 725                         case 'Q':
 726                                 set_opt_send_qos (optarg);
 727                                 break;
 728
 729                         case 'P':
 730                                 {
 731                                         double new_percentile;
 732                                         new_percentile = atof (optarg);
 733                                         if (isnan (new_percentile)
 734                                                         || (new_percentile < 0.1)
 735                                                         || (new_percentile > 100.0))
 736                                                 fprintf (stderr, "Ignoring invalid percentile: %s\n",
 737                                                                 optarg);
 738                                         else
 739                                                 opt_percentile = new_percentile;
 740                                 }
 741                                 break;
 742
 743 #if USE_NCURSES
 744                         case 'g':
 745                                 if (strcasecmp ("none", optarg) == 0)
 746                                         opt_show_graph = 0;
 747                                 else if (strcasecmp ("prettyping", optarg) == 0)
 748                                         opt_show_graph = 1;
 749                                 else if (strcasecmp ("histogram", optarg) == 0)
 750                                         opt_show_graph = 2;
 751                                 else if (strcasecmp ("boxplot", optarg) == 0)
 752                                         opt_show_graph = 3;
 753                                 else
 754                                         fprintf (stderr, "Unknown graph option: %s\n", optarg);
 755                                 break;
 756
 757                         case 'u':
 758                                 opt_utf8 = 2;
 759                                 break;
 760                         case 'U':
 761                                 opt_utf8 = 1;
 762                                 break;
 763 #endif
 764
 765                         case 'Z':
 766                         {
 767                                 char *endptr = NULL;
 768                                 double tmp;
 769
 770                                 errno = 0;
 771                                 tmp = strtod (optarg, &endptr);
 772                                 if ((errno != 0) || (endptr == NULL) || (*endptr != 0) || (tmp < 0.0) || (tmp > 100.0))
 773                                 {
 774                                         fprintf (stderr, "Ignoring invalid -Z argument: %s\n", optarg);
 775                                         fprintf (stderr, "The \"-Z\" option requires a numeric argument between 0 and 100.\n");
 776                                 }
 777                                 else
 778                                         opt_exit_status_threshold = tmp / 100.0;
 779
 780                                 break;
 781                         }
 782
 783                         case 'h':
 784                                 usage_exit (argv[0], 0);
 785                                 break;
 786
 787                         default:
 788                                 usage_exit (argv[0], 1);
 789                 }
 790         }
 791
 792         if (opt_percentile <= 0.0)
 793                 opt_percentile = OPING_DEFAULT_PERCENTILE;
 794
 795         return (optind);
 796 } /* }}} read_options */
 797
 798 static void time_normalize (struct timespec *ts) /* {{{ */
 799 {
 800         while (ts->tv_nsec < 0)
 801         {
 802                 if (ts->tv_sec == 0)
 803                 {
 804                         ts->tv_nsec = 0;
 805                         return;
 806                 }
 807
 808                 ts->tv_sec  -= 1;
 809                 ts->tv_nsec += 1000000000;
 810         }
 811
 812         while (ts->tv_nsec >= 1000000000)
 813         {
 814                 ts->tv_sec  += 1;
 815                 ts->tv_nsec -= 1000000000;
 816         }
 817 } /* }}} void time_normalize */
 818
 819 static void time_calc (struct timespec *ts_dest, /* {{{ */
 820                 const struct timespec *ts_int,
 821                 const struct timeval  *tv_begin,
 822                 const struct timeval  *tv_end)
 823 {
 824         ts_dest->tv_sec = tv_begin->tv_sec + ts_int->tv_sec;
 825         ts_dest->tv_nsec = (tv_begin->tv_usec * 1000) + ts_int->tv_nsec;
 826         time_normalize (ts_dest);
 827
 828         /* Assure that `(begin + interval) > end'.
 829          * This may seem overly complicated, but `tv_sec' is of type `time_t'
 830          * which may be `unsigned. *sigh* */
 831         if ((tv_end->tv_sec > ts_dest->tv_sec)
 832                         || ((tv_end->tv_sec == ts_dest->tv_sec)
 833                                 && ((tv_end->tv_usec * 1000) > ts_dest->tv_nsec)))
 834         {
 835                 ts_dest->tv_sec  = 0;
 836                 ts_dest->tv_nsec = 0;
 837                 return;
 838         }
 839
 840         ts_dest->tv_sec = ts_dest->tv_sec - tv_end->tv_sec;
 841         ts_dest->tv_nsec = ts_dest->tv_nsec - (tv_end->tv_usec * 1000);
 842         time_normalize (ts_dest);
 843 } /* }}} void time_calc */
 844
 845 #if USE_NCURSES
 846 static _Bool has_utf8() /* {{{ */
 847 {
 848 # if HAVE_NCURSESW_NCURSES_H
 849         if (!opt_utf8)
 850         {
 851                 /* Automatically determine */
 852                 if (strcasecmp ("UTF-8", nl_langinfo (CODESET)) == 0)
 853                         opt_utf8 = 2;
 854                 else
 855                         opt_utf8 = 1;
 856         }
 857         return ((_Bool) (opt_utf8 - 1));
 858 # else
 859         return (0);
 860 # endif
 861 } /* }}} _Bool has_utf8 */
 862
 863 static int update_graph_boxplot (ping_context_t *ctx) /* {{{ */
 864 {
 865         uint32_t *counters;
 866         double *ratios;
 867         size_t i;
 868         size_t x_max;
 869         size_t x;
 870
 871         clean_history (ctx);
 872
 873         if (ctx->history_received == 0)
 874                 return (ENOENT);
 875
 876         x_max = (size_t) getmaxx (ctx->window);
 877         if (x_max <= 8)
 878                 return (EINVAL);
 879         x_max -= 4;
 880
 881         counters = calloc (x_max, sizeof (*counters));
 882         ratios = calloc (x_max, sizeof (*ratios));
 883
 884         /* Bucketize */
 885         for (i = 0; i < ctx->history_received; i++)
 886         {
 887                 double latency = ctx->history_by_value[i] / 1000.0;
 888                 size_t index = (size_t) (((double) x_max) * latency / opt_interval);
 889
 890                 if (index >= x_max)
 891                         index = x_max - 1;
 892
 893                 counters[index]++;
 894         }
 895
 896         /* Sum and calc ratios */
 897         ratios[0] = ((double) counters[0]) / ((double) ctx->history_received);
 898         for (x = 1; x < x_max; x++)
 899         {
 900                 counters[x] += counters[x - 1];
 901                 ratios[x] = ((double) counters[x]) / ((double) ctx->history_received);
 902         }
 903
 904         for (x = 0; x < x_max; x++)
 905         {
 906                 int symbol = ' ';
 907                 _Bool reverse = 0;
 908
 909                 if (x == 0)
 910                 {
 911                         if (ratios[x] >= 0.5)
 912                         {
 913                                 symbol = BOXPLOT_MEDIAN;
 914                                 reverse = 1;
 915                         }
 916                         else if (ratios[x] > 0.25)
 917                         {
 918                                 symbol = BOXPLOT_BOX;
 919                                 reverse = 1;
 920                         }
 921                         else if (ratios[x] > 0.025)
 922                                 symbol = BOXPLOT_WHISKER_BAR;
 923                         else
 924                                 symbol = ' '; /* NOP */
 925                 }
 926                 else /* (x != 0) */
 927                 {
 928                         if ((ratios[x - 1] < 0.5) && (ratios[x] >= 0.5))
 929                         {
 930                                 symbol = BOXPLOT_MEDIAN;
 931                                 reverse = 1;
 932                         }
 933                         else if (((ratios[x] >= 0.25) && (ratios[x] <= 0.75))
 934                                         || ((ratios[x - 1] < 0.75) && (ratios[x] > 0.75)))
 935                         {
 936                                 symbol = BOXPLOT_BOX;
 937                                 reverse = 1;
 938                         }
 939                         else if ((ratios[x] < 0.5) && (ratios[x] >= 0.025))
 940                         {
 941                                 if (ratios[x - 1] < 0.025)
 942                                         symbol = BOXPLOT_WHISKER_LEFT_END;
 943                                 else
 944                                         symbol = BOXPLOT_WHISKER_BAR;
 945                         }
 946                         else if ((ratios[x] > .5) && (ratios[x] < 0.975))
 947                         {
 948                                 symbol = BOXPLOT_WHISKER_BAR;
 949                         }
 950                         else if ((ratios[x] >= 0.975) && (ratios[x - 1] < 0.975))
 951                                 symbol = BOXPLOT_WHISKER_RIGHT_END;
 952                 }
 953
 954                 if (reverse)
 955                         wattron (ctx->window, A_REVERSE);
 956                 mvwaddch (ctx->window, /* y = */ 3, /* x = */ (int) (x + 2), symbol);
 957                 // mvwprintw (ctx->window, /* y = */ 3, /* x = */ (int) (x + 2), symbol);
 958                 if (reverse)
 959                         wattroff (ctx->window, A_REVERSE);
 960         }
 961
 962         free (counters);
 963         free (ratios);
 964         return (0);
 965 } /* }}} int update_graph_boxplot */
 966
 967 static int update_graph_prettyping (ping_context_t *ctx, /* {{{ */
 968                 double latency, unsigned int sequence)
 969 {
 970         size_t x;
 971         size_t x_max;
 972         size_t history_offset;
 973
 974         x_max = (size_t) getmaxx (ctx->window);
 975         if (x_max <= 4)
 976                 return (EINVAL);
 977         x_max -= 4;
 978
 979         /* Determine the first index in the history we need to draw
 980          * the graph. */
 981         history_offset = 0;
 982         if (((size_t) x_max) < ctx->history_size)
 983         {
 984                 if (ctx->history_index > x_max)
 985                         history_offset = ctx->history_index - x_max;
 986                 else /* wrap around */
 987                         history_offset = ctx->history_index + x_max - ctx->history_size;
 988         }
 989
 990         for (x = 0; x < x_max; x++)
 991         {
 992                 size_t index;
 993                 double latency;
 994
 995                 int color = OPING_RED;
 996                 char const *symbol = "!";
 997                 int symbolc = '!';
 998
 999                 if (x >= ctx->history_size)
1000                 {
1001                         mvwaddch (ctx->window, /* y = */ 3, /* x = */ x + 2, ' ');
1002                         continue;
1003                 }
1004
1005                 index = (history_offset + x) % ctx->history_size;
1006                 latency = ctx->history_by_time[index];
1007
1008                 if (latency >= 0.0)
1009                 {
1010                         double ratio;
1011
1012                         size_t symbols_num = hist_symbols_acs_num;
1013                         size_t colors_num = 1;
1014
1015                         size_t index_symbols;
1016                         size_t index_colors;
1017                         size_t intensity;
1018
1019                         /* latency is in milliseconds, opt_interval is in seconds. */
1020                         ratio = (latency * 0.001) / opt_interval;
1021                         if (ratio > 1) {
1022                                 ratio = 1.0;
1023                         }
1024
1025                         if (has_utf8 ())
1026                                 symbols_num = hist_symbols_utf8_num;
1027
1028                         if (has_colors () == TRUE)
1029                                 colors_num = hist_colors_num;
1030
1031                         intensity = (size_t) (ratio * ((double) (symbols_num * colors_num)));
1032                         if (intensity >= (symbols_num * colors_num))
1033                                 intensity = (symbols_num * colors_num) - 1;
1034
1035                         index_symbols = intensity % symbols_num;
1036                         assert (index_symbols < symbols_num);
1037
1038                         index_colors = intensity / symbols_num;
1039                         assert (index_colors < colors_num);
1040
1041                         if (has_utf8())
1042                         {
1043                                 color = hist_colors_utf8[index_colors];
1044                                 symbol = hist_symbols_utf8[index_symbols];
1045                         }
1046                         else
1047                         {
1048                                 color = hist_colors_acs[index_colors];
1049                                 symbolc = hist_symbols_acs[index_symbols] | A_ALTCHARSET;
1050                         }
1051                 }
1052                 else /* if (!(latency >= 0.0)) */
1053                         wattron (ctx->window, A_BOLD);
1054
1055                 if (has_colors () == TRUE)
1056                         wattron (ctx->window, COLOR_PAIR(color));
1057
1058                 if (has_utf8())
1059                         mvwprintw (ctx->window, /* y = */ 3, /* x = */ x + 2, symbol);
1060                 else
1061                         mvwaddch (ctx->window, /* y = */ 3, /* x = */ x + 2, symbolc);
1062
1063                 if (has_colors () == TRUE)
1064                         wattroff (ctx->window, COLOR_PAIR(color));
1065
1066                 /* Use negation here to handle NaN correctly. */
1067                 if (!(latency >= 0.0))
1068                         wattroff (ctx->window, A_BOLD);
1069         } /* for (x) */
1070
1071         return (0);
1072 } /* }}} int update_graph_prettyping */
1073
1074 static int update_graph_histogram (ping_context_t *ctx) /* {{{ */
1075 {
1076         uint32_t *counters;
1077         uint32_t *accumulated;
1078         uint32_t max;
1079         size_t i;
1080         size_t x_max;
1081         size_t x;
1082
1083         size_t symbols_num = hist_symbols_acs_num;
1084
1085         clean_history (ctx);
1086
1087         if (ctx->history_received == 0)
1088                 return (ENOENT);
1089
1090         if (has_utf8 ())
1091                 symbols_num = hist_symbols_utf8_num;
1092
1093         x_max = (size_t) getmaxx (ctx->window);
1094         if (x_max <= 4)
1095                 return (EINVAL);
1096         x_max -= 4;
1097
1098         counters = calloc (x_max, sizeof (*counters));
1099         accumulated = calloc (x_max, sizeof (*accumulated));
1100
1101         /* Bucketize */
1102         max = 0;
1103         for (i = 0; i < ctx->history_received; i++)
1104         {
1105                 double latency = ctx->history_by_value[i] / 1000.0;
1106                 size_t index = (size_t) (((double) x_max) * latency / opt_interval);
1107
1108                 if (index >= x_max)
1109                         index = x_max - 1;
1110
1111                 counters[index]++;
1112                 if (max < counters[index])
1113                         max = counters[index];
1114         }
1115
1116         /* Sum */
1117         accumulated[0] = counters[0];
1118         for (x = 1; x < x_max; x++)
1119                 accumulated[x] = counters[x] + accumulated[x - 1];
1120
1121         /* Calculate ratios */
1122         for (x = 0; x < x_max; x++)
1123         {
1124                 double height = ((double) counters[x]) / ((double) max);
1125                 double ratio_this = ((double) accumulated[x]) / ((double) ctx->history_received);
1126                 double ratio_prev = 0.0;
1127                 size_t index;
1128                 int color = 0;
1129
1130                 index = (size_t) (height * ((double) symbols_num));
1131                 if (index >= symbols_num)
1132                         index = symbols_num - 1;
1133
1134                 if (x > 0)
1135                         ratio_prev = ((double) accumulated[x - 1]) / ((double) ctx->history_received);
1136
1137                 if (has_colors () == TRUE)
1138                 {
1139                         if ((ratio_this <= threshold_green)
1140                                         || ((ratio_prev < threshold_green)
1141                                                 && (ratio_this > threshold_green)))
1142                                 color = OPING_GREEN;
1143                         else if ((ratio_this <= threshold_yellow)
1144                                         || ((ratio_prev < threshold_yellow)
1145                                                 && (ratio_this > threshold_yellow)))
1146                                 color = OPING_YELLOW;
1147                         else
1148                                 color = OPING_RED;
1149
1150                         wattron (ctx->window, COLOR_PAIR(color));
1151                 }
1152
1153                 if (counters[x] == 0)
1154                         mvwaddch (ctx->window, /* y = */ 3, /* x = */ x + 2, ' ');
1155                 else if (has_utf8 ())
1156                         mvwprintw (ctx->window, /* y = */ 3, /* x = */ x + 2,
1157                                         hist_symbols_utf8[index]);
1158                 else
1159                         mvwaddch (ctx->window, /* y = */ 3, /* x = */ x + 2,
1160                                         hist_symbols_acs[index] | A_ALTCHARSET);
1161
1162                 if (has_colors () == TRUE)
1163                         wattroff (ctx->window, COLOR_PAIR(color));
1164
1165         }
1166
1167         free (accumulated);
1168         return (0);
1169 } /* }}} int update_graph_histogram */
1170
1171 static int update_stats_from_context (ping_context_t *ctx, pingobj_iter_t *iter) /* {{{ */
1172 {
1173         double latency = -1.0;
1174         size_t buffer_len = sizeof (latency);
1175
1176         ping_iterator_get_info (iter, PING_INFO_LATENCY,
1177                         &latency, &buffer_len);
1178
1179         unsigned int sequence = 0;
1180         buffer_len = sizeof (sequence);
1181         ping_iterator_get_info (iter, PING_INFO_SEQUENCE,
1182                         &sequence, &buffer_len);
1183
1184
1185         if ((ctx == NULL) || (ctx->window == NULL))
1186                 return (EINVAL);
1187
1188         /* werase (ctx->window); */
1189
1190         box (ctx->window, 0, 0);
1191         wattron (ctx->window, A_BOLD);
1192         mvwprintw (ctx->window, /* y = */ 0, /* x = */ 5,
1193                         " %s ", ctx->host);
1194         wattroff (ctx->window, A_BOLD);
1195         wprintw (ctx->window, "ping statistics ");
1196         mvwprintw (ctx->window, /* y = */ 1, /* x = */ 2,
1197                         "%i packets transmitted, %i received, %.2f%% packet "
1198                         "loss, time %.1fms",
1199                         ctx->req_sent, ctx->req_rcvd,
1200                         context_get_packet_loss (ctx),
1201                         ctx->latency_total);
1202         if (ctx->req_rcvd != 0)
1203         {
1204                 double min;
1205                 double median;
1206                 double max;
1207                 double percentile;
1208
1209                 min = percentile_to_latency (ctx, 0.0);
1210                 median = percentile_to_latency (ctx, 50.0);
1211                 max = percentile_to_latency (ctx, 100.0);
1212                 percentile = percentile_to_latency (ctx, opt_percentile);
1213
1214                 mvwprintw (ctx->window, /* y = */ 2, /* x = */ 2,
1215                                 "RTT[ms]: min = %.0f, median = %.0f, p(%.0f) = %.0f, max = %.0f",
1216                                 min, median, opt_percentile, percentile, max);
1217         }
1218
1219         if (opt_show_graph == 1)
1220                 update_graph_prettyping (ctx, latency, sequence);
1221         else if (opt_show_graph == 2)
1222                 update_graph_histogram (ctx);
1223         else if (opt_show_graph == 3)
1224                 update_graph_boxplot (ctx);
1225
1226         wrefresh (ctx->window);
1227
1228         return (0);
1229 } /* }}} int update_stats_from_context */
1230
1231 static int on_resize (pingobj_t *ping) /* {{{ */
1232 {
1233         pingobj_iter_t *iter;
1234         int width = 0;
1235         int height = 0;
1236         int main_win_height;
1237         int box_height = (opt_show_graph == 0) ? 4 : 5;
1238
1239         getmaxyx (stdscr, height, width);
1240         if ((height < 1) || (width < 1))
1241                 return (EINVAL);
1242
1243         main_win_height = height - (box_height * host_num);
1244         wresize (main_win, main_win_height, /* width = */ width);
1245         /* Allow scrolling */
1246         scrollok (main_win, TRUE);
1247         /* wsetscrreg (main_win, 0, main_win_height - 1); */
1248         /* Allow hardware accelerated scrolling. */
1249         idlok (main_win, TRUE);
1250         wrefresh (main_win);
1251
1252         for (iter = ping_iterator_get (ping);
1253                         iter != NULL;
1254                         iter = ping_iterator_next (iter))
1255         {
1256                 ping_context_t *context;
1257
1258                 context = ping_iterator_get_context (iter);
1259                 if (context == NULL)
1260                         continue;
1261
1262                 if (context->window != NULL)
1263                 {
1264                         delwin (context->window);
1265                         context->window = NULL;
1266                 }
1267                 context->window = newwin (/* height = */ box_height,
1268                                 /* width = */ width,
1269                                 /* y = */ main_win_height + (box_height * context->index),
1270                                 /* x = */ 0);
1271         }
1272
1273         return (0);
1274 } /* }}} */
1275
1276 static int check_resize (pingobj_t *ping) /* {{{ */
1277 {
1278         int need_resize = 0;
1279
1280         while (42)
1281         {
1282                 int key = wgetch (stdscr);
1283                 if (key == ERR)
1284                         break;
1285                 else if (key == KEY_RESIZE)
1286                         need_resize = 1;
1287                 else if (key == 'g')
1288                 {
1289                         if (opt_show_graph == 3)
1290                                 opt_show_graph = 1;
1291                         else if (opt_show_graph > 0)
1292                                 opt_show_graph++;
1293                 }
1294         }
1295
1296         if (need_resize)
1297                 return (on_resize (ping));
1298         else
1299                 return (0);
1300 } /* }}} int check_resize */
1301
1302 static int pre_loop_hook (pingobj_t *ping) /* {{{ */
1303 {
1304         pingobj_iter_t *iter;
1305         int width = 0;
1306         int height = 0;
1307         int main_win_height;
1308         int box_height = (opt_show_graph == 0) ? 4 : 5;
1309
1310         initscr ();
1311         cbreak ();
1312         noecho ();
1313         nodelay (stdscr, TRUE);
1314
1315         getmaxyx (stdscr, height, width);
1316         if ((height < 1) || (width < 1))
1317                 return (EINVAL);
1318
1319         if (has_colors () == TRUE)
1320         {
1321                 start_color ();
1322                 init_pair (OPING_GREEN,  COLOR_GREEN,  /* default = */ 0);
1323                 init_pair (OPING_YELLOW, COLOR_YELLOW, /* default = */ 0);
1324                 init_pair (OPING_RED,    COLOR_RED,    /* default = */ 0);
1325                 init_pair (OPING_GREEN_HIST,  COLOR_GREEN,  COLOR_BLACK);
1326                 init_pair (OPING_YELLOW_HIST, COLOR_YELLOW, COLOR_GREEN);
1327                 init_pair (OPING_RED_HIST,    COLOR_RED,    COLOR_YELLOW);
1328         }
1329
1330         main_win_height = height - (box_height * host_num);
1331         main_win = newwin (/* height = */ main_win_height,
1332                         /* width = */ width,
1333                         /* y = */ 0, /* x = */ 0);
1334         /* Allow scrolling */
1335         scrollok (main_win, TRUE);
1336         /* wsetscrreg (main_win, 0, main_win_height - 1); */
1337         /* Allow hardware accelerated scrolling. */
1338         idlok (main_win, TRUE);
1339         wmove (main_win, /* y = */ main_win_height - 1, /* x = */ 0);
1340         wrefresh (main_win);
1341
1342         for (iter = ping_iterator_get (ping);
1343                         iter != NULL;
1344                         iter = ping_iterator_next (iter))
1345         {
1346                 ping_context_t *context;
1347
1348                 context = ping_iterator_get_context (iter);
1349                 if (context == NULL)
1350                         continue;
1351
1352                 if (context->window != NULL)
1353                 {
1354                         delwin (context->window);
1355                         context->window = NULL;
1356                 }
1357                 context->window = newwin (/* height = */ box_height,
1358                                 /* width = */ width,
1359                                 /* y = */ main_win_height + (box_height * context->index),
1360                                 /* x = */ 0);
1361         }
1362
1363
1364         /* Don't know what good this does exactly, but without this code
1365          * "check_resize" will be called right after startup and *somehow*
1366          * this leads to display errors. If we purge all initial characters
1367          * here, the problem goes away. "wgetch" is non-blocking due to
1368          * "nodelay" (see above). */
1369         while (wgetch (stdscr) != ERR)
1370         {
1371                 /* eat up characters */;
1372         }
1373
1374         return (0);
1375 } /* }}} int pre_loop_hook */
1376
1377 static int pre_sleep_hook (pingobj_t *ping) /* {{{ */
1378 {
1379         return (check_resize (ping));
1380 } /* }}} int pre_sleep_hook */
1381
1382 static int post_sleep_hook (pingobj_t *ping) /* {{{ */
1383 {
1384         return (check_resize (ping));
1385 } /* }}} int pre_sleep_hook */
1386 #else /* if !USE_NCURSES */
1387 static int pre_loop_hook (pingobj_t *ping) /* {{{ */
1388 {
1389         pingobj_iter_t *iter;
1390
1391         for (iter = ping_iterator_get (ping);
1392                         iter != NULL;
1393                         iter = ping_iterator_next (iter))
1394         {
1395                 ping_context_t *ctx;
1396                 size_t buffer_size;
1397
1398                 ctx = ping_iterator_get_context (iter);
1399                 if (ctx == NULL)
1400                         continue;
1401
1402                 buffer_size = 0;
1403                 ping_iterator_get_info (iter, PING_INFO_DATA, NULL, &buffer_size);
1404
1405                 printf ("PING %s (%s) %zu bytes of data.\n",
1406                                 ctx->host, ctx->addr, buffer_size);
1407         }
1408
1409         return (0);
1410 } /* }}} int pre_loop_hook */
1411
1412 static int pre_sleep_hook (__attribute__((unused)) pingobj_t *ping) /* {{{ */
1413 {
1414         fflush (stdout);
1415
1416         return (0);
1417 } /* }}} int pre_sleep_hook */
1418
1419 static int post_sleep_hook (__attribute__((unused)) pingobj_t *ping) /* {{{ */
1420 {
1421         return (0);
1422 } /* }}} int post_sleep_hook */
1423 #endif
1424
1425 static void update_context (ping_context_t *ctx, double latency) /* {{{ */
1426 {
1427         ctx->req_sent++;
1428
1429         if (latency > 0.0)
1430         {
1431                 ctx->req_rcvd++;
1432                 ctx->latency_total += latency;
1433         }
1434         else
1435         {
1436                 latency = NAN;
1437         }
1438
1439         ctx->history_by_time[ctx->history_index] = latency;
1440
1441         ctx->history_dirty = 1;
1442
1443         /* Update index and size. */
1444         ctx->history_index = (ctx->history_index + 1) % HISTORY_SIZE_MAX;
1445         if (ctx->history_size < HISTORY_SIZE_MAX)
1446                 ctx->history_size++;
1447 } /* }}} void update_context */
1448
1449 static void update_host_hook (pingobj_iter_t *iter, /* {{{ */
1450                 __attribute__((unused)) int index)
1451 {
1452         double          latency;
1453         unsigned int    sequence;
1454         int             recv_ttl;
1455         uint8_t         recv_qos;
1456         char            recv_qos_str[16];
1457         size_t          buffer_len;
1458         size_t          data_len;
1459         ping_context_t *context;
1460
1461         latency = -1.0;
1462         buffer_len = sizeof (latency);
1463         ping_iterator_get_info (iter, PING_INFO_LATENCY,
1464                         &latency, &buffer_len);
1465
1466         sequence = 0;
1467         buffer_len = sizeof (sequence);
1468         ping_iterator_get_info (iter, PING_INFO_SEQUENCE,
1469                         &sequence, &buffer_len);
1470
1471         recv_ttl = -1;
1472         buffer_len = sizeof (recv_ttl);
1473         ping_iterator_get_info (iter, PING_INFO_RECV_TTL,
1474                         &recv_ttl, &buffer_len);
1475
1476         recv_qos = 0;
1477         buffer_len = sizeof (recv_qos);
1478         ping_iterator_get_info (iter, PING_INFO_RECV_QOS,
1479                         &recv_qos, &buffer_len);
1480
1481         data_len = 0;
1482         ping_iterator_get_info (iter, PING_INFO_DATA,
1483                         NULL, &data_len);
1484
1485         context = (ping_context_t *) ping_iterator_get_context (iter);
1486
1487 #if USE_NCURSES
1488 # define HOST_PRINTF(...) wprintw(main_win, __VA_ARGS__)
1489 #else
1490 # define HOST_PRINTF(...) printf(__VA_ARGS__)
1491 #endif
1492
1493         update_context (context, latency);
1494
1495         if (latency > 0.0)
1496         {
1497 #if USE_NCURSES
1498                 if (has_colors () == TRUE)
1499                 {
1500                         double ratio;
1501                         int color = OPING_GREEN;
1502
1503                         ratio = latency_to_ratio (context, latency);
1504                         if (ratio < threshold_green)
1505                                 color = OPING_GREEN;
1506                         else if (ratio < threshold_yellow)
1507                                 color = OPING_YELLOW;
1508                         else
1509                                 color = OPING_RED;
1510
1511                         HOST_PRINTF ("%zu bytes from %s (%s): icmp_seq=%u ttl=%i ",
1512                                         data_len, context->host, context->addr,
1513                                         sequence, recv_ttl,
1514                                         format_qos (recv_qos, recv_qos_str, sizeof (recv_qos_str)));
1515                         if ((recv_qos != 0) || (opt_send_qos != 0))
1516                         {
1517                                 HOST_PRINTF ("qos=%s ",
1518                                                 format_qos (recv_qos, recv_qos_str, sizeof (recv_qos_str)));
1519                         }
1520                         HOST_PRINTF ("time=");
1521                         wattron (main_win, COLOR_PAIR(color));
1522                         HOST_PRINTF ("%.2f", latency);
1523                         wattroff (main_win, COLOR_PAIR(color));
1524                         HOST_PRINTF (" ms\n");
1525                 }
1526                 else
1527                 {
1528 #endif
1529                 HOST_PRINTF ("%zu bytes from %s (%s): icmp_seq=%u ttl=%i ",
1530                                 data_len,
1531                                 context->host, context->addr,
1532                                 sequence, recv_ttl);
1533                 if ((recv_qos != 0) || (opt_send_qos != 0))
1534                 {
1535                         HOST_PRINTF ("qos=%s ",
1536                                         format_qos (recv_qos, recv_qos_str, sizeof (recv_qos_str)));
1537                 }
1538                 HOST_PRINTF ("time=%.2f ms\n", latency);
1539 #if USE_NCURSES
1540                 }
1541 #endif
1542         }
1543         else /* if (!(latency > 0.0)) */
1544         {
1545 #if USE_NCURSES
1546                 if (has_colors () == TRUE)
1547                 {
1548                         HOST_PRINTF ("echo reply from %s (%s): icmp_seq=%u ",
1549                                         context->host, context->addr,
1550                                         sequence);
1551                         wattron (main_win, COLOR_PAIR(OPING_RED) | A_BOLD);
1552                         HOST_PRINTF ("timeout");
1553                         wattroff (main_win, COLOR_PAIR(OPING_RED) | A_BOLD);
1554                         HOST_PRINTF ("\n");
1555                 }
1556                 else
1557                 {
1558 #endif
1559                 HOST_PRINTF ("echo reply from %s (%s): icmp_seq=%u timeout\n",
1560                                 context->host, context->addr,
1561                                 sequence);
1562 #if USE_NCURSES
1563                 }
1564 #endif
1565         }
1566
1567 #if USE_NCURSES
1568         update_stats_from_context (context, iter);
1569         wrefresh (main_win);
1570 #endif
1571 } /* }}} void update_host_hook */
1572
1573 /* Prints statistics for each host, cleans up the contexts and returns the
1574  * number of hosts which failed to return more than the fraction
1575  * opt_exit_status_threshold of pings. */
1576 static int post_loop_hook (pingobj_t *ping) /* {{{ */
1577 {
1578         pingobj_iter_t *iter;
1579         int failure_count = 0;
1580
1581 #if USE_NCURSES
1582         endwin ();
1583 #endif
1584
1585         for (iter = ping_iterator_get (ping);
1586                         iter != NULL;
1587                         iter = ping_iterator_next (iter))
1588         {
1589                 ping_context_t *context;
1590
1591                 context = ping_iterator_get_context (iter);
1592
1593                 printf ("\n--- %s ping statistics ---\n"
1594                                 "%i packets transmitted, %i received, %.2f%% packet loss, time %.1fms\n",
1595                                 context->host, context->req_sent, context->req_rcvd,
1596                                 context_get_packet_loss (context),
1597                                 context->latency_total);
1598
1599                 {
1600                         double pct_failed = 1.0 - (((double) context->req_rcvd)
1601                                         / ((double) context->req_sent));
1602                         if (pct_failed > opt_exit_status_threshold)
1603                                 failure_count++;
1604                 }
1605
1606                 if (context->req_rcvd != 0)
1607                 {
1608                         double min;
1609                         double median;
1610                         double max;
1611                         double percentile;
1612
1613                         min = percentile_to_latency (context, 0.0);
1614                         median = percentile_to_latency (context, 50.0);
1615                         max = percentile_to_latency (context, 100.0);
1616                         percentile = percentile_to_latency (context, opt_percentile);
1617
1618                         printf ("RTT[ms]: min = %.0f, median = %.0f, p(%.0f) = %.0f, max = %.0f\n",
1619                                         min, median, opt_percentile, percentile, max);
1620                 }
1621
1622                 ping_iterator_set_context (iter, NULL);
1623                 context_destroy (context);
1624         }
1625
1626         return (failure_count);
1627 } /* }}} int post_loop_hook */
1628
1629 int main (int argc, char **argv) /* {{{ */
1630 {
1631         pingobj_t      *ping;
1632         pingobj_iter_t *iter;
1633
1634         struct sigaction sigint_action;
1635
1636         struct timeval  tv_begin;
1637         struct timeval  tv_end;
1638         struct timespec ts_wait;
1639         struct timespec ts_int;
1640
1641         int optind;
1642         int i;
1643         int status;
1644 #if _POSIX_SAVED_IDS
1645         uid_t saved_set_uid;
1646
1647         /* Save the old effective user id */
1648         saved_set_uid = geteuid ();
1649         /* Set the effective user ID to the real user ID without changing the
1650          * saved set-user ID */
1651         status = seteuid (getuid ());
1652         if (status != 0)
1653         {
1654                 fprintf (stderr, "Temporarily dropping privileges "
1655                                 "failed: %s\n", strerror (errno));
1656                 exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
1657         }
1658 #endif
1659
1660         setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
1661         optind = read_options (argc, argv);
1662
1663 #if !_POSIX_SAVED_IDS
1664         /* Cannot temporarily drop privileges -> reject every file but "-". */
1665         if ((opt_filename != NULL)
1666                         && (strcmp ("-", opt_filename) != 0)
1667                         && (getuid () != geteuid ()))
1668         {
1669                 fprintf (stderr, "Your real and effective user IDs don't "
1670                                 "match. Reading from a file (option '-f')\n"
1671                                 "is therefore too risky. You can still read "
1672                                 "from STDIN using '-f -' if you like.\n"
1673                                 "Sorry.\n");
1674                 exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
1675         }
1676 #endif
1677
1678         if ((optind >= argc) && (opt_filename == NULL)) {
1679                 usage_exit (argv[0], 1);
1680         }
1681
1682         if ((ping = ping_construct ()) == NULL)
1683         {
1684                 fprintf (stderr, "ping_construct failed\n");
1685                 return (1);
1686         }
1687
1688         if (ping_setopt (ping, PING_OPT_TTL, &opt_send_ttl) != 0)
1689         {
1690                 fprintf (stderr, "Setting TTL to %i failed: %s\n",
1691                                 opt_send_ttl, ping_get_error (ping));
1692         }
1693
1694         if (ping_setopt (ping, PING_OPT_QOS, &opt_send_qos) != 0)
1695         {
1696                 fprintf (stderr, "Setting TOS to %i failed: %s\n",
1697                                 opt_send_qos, ping_get_error (ping));
1698         }
1699
1700         {
1701                 double temp_sec;
1702                 double temp_nsec;
1703
1704                 temp_nsec = modf (opt_interval, &temp_sec);
1705                 ts_int.tv_sec  = (time_t) temp_sec;
1706                 ts_int.tv_nsec = (long) (temp_nsec * 1000000000L);
1707
1708                 /* printf ("ts_int = %i.%09li\n", (int) ts_int.tv_sec, ts_int.tv_nsec); */
1709         }
1710
1711         if (opt_addrfamily != PING_DEF_AF)
1712                 ping_setopt (ping, PING_OPT_AF, (void *) &opt_addrfamily);
1713
1714         if (opt_srcaddr != NULL)
1715         {
1716                 if (ping_setopt (ping, PING_OPT_SOURCE, (void *) opt_srcaddr) != 0)
1717                 {
1718                         fprintf (stderr, "Setting source address failed: %s\n",
1719                                         ping_get_error (ping));
1720                 }
1721         }
1722
1723         if (opt_device != NULL)
1724         {
1725                 if (ping_setopt (ping, PING_OPT_DEVICE, (void *) opt_device) != 0)
1726                 {
1727                         fprintf (stderr, "Setting device failed: %s\n",
1728                                         ping_get_error (ping));
1729                 }
1730         }
1731
1732         if (opt_filename != NULL)
1733         {
1734                 FILE *infile;
1735                 char line[256];
1736                 char host[256];
1737
1738                 if (strcmp (opt_filename, "-") == 0)
1739                         /* Open STDIN */
1740                         infile = fdopen(0, "r");
1741                 else
1742                         infile = fopen(opt_filename, "r");
1743
1744                 if (infile == NULL)
1745                 {
1746                         fprintf (stderr, "Opening %s failed: %s\n",
1747                                         (strcmp (opt_filename, "-") == 0)
1748                                         ? "STDIN" : opt_filename,
1749                                         strerror(errno));
1750                         return (1);
1751                 }
1752
1753 #if _POSIX_SAVED_IDS
1754                 /* Regain privileges */
1755                 status = seteuid (saved_set_uid);
1756                 if (status != 0)
1757                 {
1758                         fprintf (stderr, "Temporarily re-gaining privileges "
1759                                         "failed: %s\n", strerror (errno));
1760                         exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
1761                 }
1762 #endif
1763
1764                 while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), infile))
1765                 {
1766                         /* Strip whitespace */
1767                         if (sscanf(line, "%s", host) != 1)
1768                                 continue;
1769
1770                         if ((host[0] == 0) || (host[0] == '#'))
1771                                 continue;
1772
1773                         if (ping_host_add(ping, host) < 0)
1774                         {
1775                                 const char *errmsg = ping_get_error (ping);
1776
1777                                 fprintf (stderr, "Adding host `%s' failed: %s\n", host, errmsg);
1778                                 continue;
1779                         }
1780                         else
1781                         {
1782                                 host_num++;
1783                         }
1784                 }
1785
1786 #if _POSIX_SAVED_IDS
1787                 /* Drop privileges */
1788                 status = seteuid (getuid ());
1789                 if (status != 0)
1790                 {
1791                         fprintf (stderr, "Temporarily dropping privileges "
1792                                         "failed: %s\n", strerror (errno));
1793                         exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
1794                 }
1795 #endif
1796
1797                 fclose(infile);
1798         }
1799
1800 #if _POSIX_SAVED_IDS
1801         /* Regain privileges */
1802         status = seteuid (saved_set_uid);
1803         if (status != 0)
1804         {
1805                 fprintf (stderr, "Temporarily re-gaining privileges "
1806                                 "failed: %s\n", strerror (errno));
1807                 exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
1808         }
1809 #endif
1810
1811         for (i = optind; i < argc; i++)
1812         {
1813                 if (ping_host_add (ping, argv[i]) < 0)
1814                 {
1815                         const char *errmsg = ping_get_error (ping);
1816
1817                         fprintf (stderr, "Adding host `%s' failed: %s\n", argv[i], errmsg);
1818                         continue;
1819                 }
1820                 else
1821                 {
1822                         host_num++;
1823                 }
1824         }
1825
1826         /* Permanently drop root privileges if we're setuid-root. */
1827         status = setuid (getuid ());
1828         if (status != 0)
1829         {
1830                 fprintf (stderr, "Dropping privileges failed: %s\n",
1831                                 strerror (errno));
1832                 exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
1833         }
1834
1835         if (host_num == 0)
1836                 exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
1837
1838 #if _POSIX_SAVED_IDS
1839         saved_set_uid = (uid_t) -1;
1840 #endif
1841
1842         ping_initialize_contexts (ping);
1843
1844         if (i == 0)
1845                 return (1);
1846
1847         memset (&sigint_action, '\0', sizeof (sigint_action));
1848         sigint_action.sa_handler = sigint_handler;
1849         if (sigaction (SIGINT, &sigint_action, NULL) < 0)
1850         {
1851                 perror ("sigaction");
1852                 return (1);
1853         }
1854
1855         pre_loop_hook (ping);
1856
1857         while (opt_count != 0)
1858         {
1859                 int index;
1860                 int status;
1861
1862                 if (gettimeofday (&tv_begin, NULL) < 0)
1863                 {
1864                         perror ("gettimeofday");
1865                         return (1);
1866                 }
1867
1868                 status = ping_send (ping);
1869                 if (status == -EINTR)
1870                 {
1871                         continue;
1872                 }
1873                 else if (status < 0)
1874                 {
1875                         fprintf (stderr, "ping_send failed: %s\n",
1876                                         ping_get_error (ping));
1877                         return (1);
1878                 }
1879
1880                 index = 0;
1881                 for (iter = ping_iterator_get (ping);
1882                                 iter != NULL;
1883                                 iter = ping_iterator_next (iter))
1884                 {
1885                         update_host_hook (iter, index);
1886                         index++;
1887                 }
1888
1889                 pre_sleep_hook (ping);
1890
1891                 /* Don't sleep in the last iteration */
1892                 if (opt_count == 1)
1893                         break;
1894
1895                 if (gettimeofday (&tv_end, NULL) < 0)
1896                 {
1897                         perror ("gettimeofday");
1898                         return (1);
1899                 }
1900
1901                 time_calc (&ts_wait, &ts_int, &tv_begin, &tv_end);
1902
1903                 /* printf ("Sleeping for %i.%09li seconds\n", (int) ts_wait.tv_sec, ts_wait.tv_nsec); */
1904                 while ((status = nanosleep (&ts_wait, &ts_wait)) != 0)
1905                 {
1906                         if (errno == EINTR)
1907                         {
1908                                 continue;
1909                         }
1910                         else
1911                         {
1912                                 perror ("nanosleep");
1913                                 break;
1914                         }
1915                 }
1916
1917                 post_sleep_hook (ping);
1918
1919                 if (opt_count > 0)
1920                         opt_count--;
1921         } /* while (opt_count != 0) */
1922
1923         /* Returns the number of failed hosts according to -Z. */
1924         status = post_loop_hook (ping);
1925
1926         ping_destroy (ping);
1927
1928         if (status == 0)
1929                 exit (EXIT_SUCCESS);
1930         else
1931         {
1932                 if (status > 255)
1933                         status = 255;
1934                 exit (status);
1935         }
1936 } /* }}} int main */
1937
1938 /* vim: set fdm=marker : */