src/oping.c

   1 /**
   2  * Object oriented C module to send ICMP and ICMPv6 `echo's.
   3  * Copyright (C) 2006-2014  Florian octo Forster <ff at octo.it>
   4  *
   5  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
   6  * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
   7  * the Free Software Foundation; only version 2 of the License is
   8  * applicable.
   9  *
  10  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  11  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  12  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  13  * GNU General Public License for more details.
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  16  * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
  17  * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA
  18  */
  19
  20 #if HAVE_CONFIG_H
  21 # include <config.h>
  22 #endif
  23
  24 #if STDC_HEADERS
  25 # include <stdlib.h>
  26 # include <stdio.h>
  27 # include <string.h>
  28 # include <stdint.h>
  29 # include <inttypes.h>
  30 # include <errno.h>
  31 # include <assert.h>
  32 #else
  33 # error "You don't have the standard C99 header files installed"
  34 #endif /* STDC_HEADERS */
  35
  36 #if HAVE_UNISTD_H
  37 # include <unistd.h>
  38 #endif
  39
  40 #if HAVE_MATH_H
  41 # include <math.h>
  42 #endif
  43
  44 #if TIME_WITH_SYS_TIME
  45 # include <sys/time.h>
  46 # include <time.h>
  47 #else
  48 # if HAVE_SYS_TIME_H
  49 #  include <sys/time.h>
  50 # else
  51 #  include <time.h>
  52 # endif
  53 #endif
  54
  55 #if HAVE_SYS_SOCKET_H
  56 # include <sys/socket.h>
  57 #endif
  58 #if HAVE_NETINET_IN_H
  59 # include <netinet/in.h>
  60 #endif
  61 #if HAVE_NETINET_IP_H
  62 # include <netinet/ip.h>
  63 #endif
  64
  65 #if HAVE_NETDB_H
  66 # include <netdb.h> /* NI_MAXHOST */
  67 #endif
  68
  69 #if HAVE_SIGNAL_H
  70 # include <signal.h>
  71 #endif
  72
  73 #if HAVE_SYS_TYPES_H
  74 #include <sys/types.h>
  75 #endif
  76
  77 #include <locale.h>
  78 #include <langinfo.h>
  79
  80 #if USE_NCURSES
  81 # define NCURSES_OPAQUE 1
  82 /* http://newsgroups.derkeiler.com/Archive/Rec/rec.games.roguelike.development/2010-09/msg00050.html */
  83 # define _X_OPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED
  84
  85 # if HAVE_NCURSESW_NCURSES_H
  86 #  include <ncursesw/ncurses.h>
  87 # elif HAVE_NCURSES_H
  88 #  include <ncurses.h>
  89 # endif
  90
  91 # define OPING_GREEN 1
  92 # define OPING_YELLOW 2
  93 # define OPING_RED 3
  94 # define OPING_GREEN_HIST 4
  95 # define OPING_YELLOW_HIST 5
  96 # define OPING_RED_HIST 6
  97
  98 static char const * const hist_symbols_utf8[] = {
  99         "▁", "▂", "▃", "▄", "▅", "▆", "▇", "█" };
 100 static size_t const hist_symbols_utf8_num = sizeof (hist_symbols_utf8)
 101         / sizeof (hist_symbols_utf8[0]);
 102
 103 /* scancodes for 6 levels of horizontal bars, ncurses-specific */
 104 /* those are not the usual constants because those are not constant */
 105 static int const hist_symbols_acs[] = {
 106         115, /* ACS_S9 "⎽" */
 107         114, /* ACS_S7 "⎼" */
 108         113, /* ACS_S5 "─" */
 109         112, /* ACS_S3 "⎻" */
 110         111  /* ACS_S1 "⎺" */
 111 };
 112 static size_t const hist_symbols_acs_num = sizeof (hist_symbols_acs)
 113         / sizeof (hist_symbols_acs[0]);
 114
 115 /* use different colors without a background for scancodes */
 116 static int const hist_colors_utf8[] = {
 117         OPING_GREEN_HIST, OPING_YELLOW_HIST, OPING_RED_HIST };
 118 static int const hist_colors_acs[] = {
 119         OPING_GREEN, OPING_YELLOW, OPING_RED };
 120 /* assuming that both arrays are the same size */
 121 static size_t const hist_colors_num = sizeof (hist_colors_utf8)
 122         / sizeof (hist_colors_utf8[0]);
 123 #endif
 124
 125 /* "─" */
 126 #define BOXPLOT_WHISKER_BAR       (113 | A_ALTCHARSET)
 127 /* "├" */
 128 #define BOXPLOT_WHISKER_LEFT_END  (116 | A_ALTCHARSET)
 129 /* "┤" */
 130 #define BOXPLOT_WHISKER_RIGHT_END (117 | A_ALTCHARSET)
 131 /* Inverted */
 132 #define BOXPLOT_BOX               ' '
 133 /* "│", inverted */
 134 #define BOXPLOT_MEDIAN            (120 | A_ALTCHARSET)
 135
 136 #include "oping.h"
 137
 138 #ifndef _POSIX_SAVED_IDS
 139 # define _POSIX_SAVED_IDS 0
 140 #endif
 141
 142 #ifndef IPTOS_MINCOST
 143 # define IPTOS_MINCOST 0x02
 144 #endif
 145
 146 /* Remove GNU specific __attribute__ settings when using another compiler */
 147 #if !__GNUC__
 148 # define __attribute__(x) /**/
 149 #endif
 150
 151 typedef struct ping_context
 152 {
 153         char host[NI_MAXHOST];
 154         char addr[NI_MAXHOST];
 155
 156         int index;
 157         int req_sent;
 158         int req_rcvd;
 159
 160         double latency_min;
 161         double latency_max;
 162         double latency_total;
 163         double latency_total_square;
 164
 165 /* 1000 + one "infinity" bucket. */
 166 #define OPING_HISTOGRAM_BUCKETS 1001
 167         uint32_t *latency_histogram;
 168         size_t latency_histogram_size;
 169
 170 #if USE_NCURSES
 171         WINDOW *window;
 172 #endif
 173 } ping_context_t;
 174
 175 static double  opt_interval   = 1.0;
 176 static int     opt_addrfamily = PING_DEF_AF;
 177 static char   *opt_srcaddr    = NULL;
 178 static char   *opt_device     = NULL;
 179 static char   *opt_filename   = NULL;
 180 static int     opt_count      = -1;
 181 static int     opt_send_ttl   = 64;
 182 static uint8_t opt_send_qos   = 0;
 183 #define OPING_DEFAULT_PERCENTILE 95.0
 184 static double  opt_percentile = -1.0;
 185 static double  opt_exit_status_threshold = 1.0;
 186 #if USE_NCURSES
 187 static int     opt_show_graph = 1;
 188 static int     opt_utf8       = 0;
 189 #endif
 190
 191 static int host_num = 0;
 192
 193 #if USE_NCURSES
 194 static WINDOW *main_win = NULL;
 195 #endif
 196
 197 static void sigint_handler (int signal) /* {{{ */
 198 {
 199         /* Make compiler happy */
 200         signal = 0;
 201         /* Exit the loop */
 202         opt_count = 0;
 203 } /* }}} void sigint_handler */
 204
 205 static ping_context_t *context_create (void) /* {{{ */
 206 {
 207         ping_context_t *ret;
 208
 209         if ((ret = malloc (sizeof (ping_context_t))) == NULL)
 210                 return (NULL);
 211
 212         memset (ret, '\0', sizeof (ping_context_t));
 213
 214         ret->latency_min   = -1.0;
 215         ret->latency_max   = -1.0;
 216         ret->latency_total = 0.0;
 217         ret->latency_total_square = 0.0;
 218
 219         ret->latency_histogram_size = (size_t) OPING_HISTOGRAM_BUCKETS;
 220         ret->latency_histogram = calloc (ret->latency_histogram_size,
 221                         sizeof (*ret->latency_histogram));
 222
 223 #if USE_NCURSES
 224         ret->window = NULL;
 225 #endif
 226
 227         return (ret);
 228 } /* }}} ping_context_t *context_create */
 229
 230 static void context_destroy (ping_context_t *context) /* {{{ */
 231 {
 232         if (context == NULL)
 233                 return;
 234
 235 #if USE_NCURSES
 236         if (context->window != NULL)
 237         {
 238                 delwin (context->window);
 239                 context->window = NULL;
 240         }
 241 #endif
 242
 243         free (context->latency_histogram);
 244         context->latency_histogram = NULL;
 245
 246         free (context);
 247 } /* }}} void context_destroy */
 248
 249 static double context_get_average (ping_context_t *ctx) /* {{{ */
 250 {
 251         double num_total;
 252
 253         if (ctx == NULL)
 254                 return (-1.0);
 255
 256         if (ctx->req_rcvd < 1)
 257                 return (-0.0);
 258
 259         num_total = (double) ctx->req_rcvd;
 260         return (ctx->latency_total / num_total);
 261 } /* }}} double context_get_average */
 262
 263 static double context_get_percentile (ping_context_t *ctx, /* {{{ */
 264                 double percentile)
 265 {
 266         double threshold = percentile / 100.0;
 267         uint32_t accumulated[ctx->latency_histogram_size];
 268         double ratios[ctx->latency_histogram_size];
 269         double index_to_ms_factor;
 270         uint32_t num;
 271         size_t i;
 272
 273         if (ctx->latency_histogram == NULL)
 274                 return (NAN);
 275
 276         accumulated[0] = ctx->latency_histogram[0];
 277         for (i = 1; i < ctx->latency_histogram_size; i++)
 278                 accumulated[i] = accumulated[i - 1]
 279                         + ctx->latency_histogram[i];
 280         num = accumulated[ctx->latency_histogram_size - 1];
 281
 282         for (i = 0; i < ctx->latency_histogram_size; i++)
 283         {
 284                 ratios[i] = ((double) accumulated[i]) / ((double) num);
 285                 if (ratios[i] >= threshold)
 286                         break;
 287         }
 288
 289         if (i >= ctx->latency_histogram_size)
 290                 return (NAN);
 291         else if (i == (ctx->latency_histogram_size - 1))
 292                 return (INFINITY);
 293
 294         index_to_ms_factor = (1000.0 * opt_interval) / (ctx->latency_histogram_size - 1);
 295
 296         /* Multiply with i+1, because we're interested in the _upper_ bound of
 297          * each bucket. */
 298         return (index_to_ms_factor * ((double) (i + 1)));
 299 } /* }}} double context_get_percentile */
 300
 301 static double context_get_stddev (ping_context_t *ctx) /* {{{ */
 302 {
 303         double num_total;
 304
 305         if (ctx == NULL)
 306                 return (-1.0);
 307
 308         if (ctx->req_rcvd < 1)
 309                 return (-0.0);
 310         else if (ctx->req_rcvd < 2)
 311                 return (0.0);
 312
 313         num_total = (double) ctx->req_rcvd;
 314         return (sqrt (((num_total * ctx->latency_total_square)
 315                                         - (ctx->latency_total * ctx->latency_total))
 316                                 / (num_total * (num_total - 1.0))));
 317 } /* }}} double context_get_stddev */
 318
 319 static double context_get_packet_loss (const ping_context_t *ctx) /* {{{ */
 320 {
 321         if (ctx == NULL)
 322                 return (-1.0);
 323
 324         if (ctx->req_sent < 1)
 325                 return (0.0);
 326
 327         return (100.0 * (ctx->req_sent - ctx->req_rcvd)
 328                         / ((double) ctx->req_sent));
 329 } /* }}} double context_get_packet_loss */
 330
 331 static int ping_initialize_contexts (pingobj_t *ping) /* {{{ */
 332 {
 333         pingobj_iter_t *iter;
 334         int index;
 335
 336         if (ping == NULL)
 337                 return (EINVAL);
 338
 339         index = 0;
 340         for (iter = ping_iterator_get (ping);
 341                         iter != NULL;
 342                         iter = ping_iterator_next (iter))
 343         {
 344                 ping_context_t *context;
 345                 size_t buffer_size;
 346
 347                 context = context_create ();
 348                 context->index = index;
 349
 350                 buffer_size = sizeof (context->host);
 351                 ping_iterator_get_info (iter, PING_INFO_HOSTNAME, context->host, &buffer_size);
 352
 353                 buffer_size = sizeof (context->addr);
 354                 ping_iterator_get_info (iter, PING_INFO_ADDRESS, context->addr, &buffer_size);
 355
 356                 ping_iterator_set_context (iter, (void *) context);
 357
 358                 index++;
 359         }
 360
 361         return (0);
 362 } /* }}} int ping_initialize_contexts */
 363
 364 static void usage_exit (const char *name, int status) /* {{{ */
 365 {
 366         fprintf (stderr, "Usage: %s [OPTIONS] "
 367                                 "-f filename | host [host [host ...]]\n"
 368
 369                         "\nAvailable options:\n"
 370                         "  -4|-6        force the use of IPv4 or IPv6\n"
 371                         "  -c count     number of ICMP packets to send\n"
 372                         "  -i interval  interval with which to send ICMP packets\n"
 373                         "  -t ttl       time to live for each ICMP packet\n"
 374                         "  -Q qos       Quality of Service (QoS) of outgoing packets\n"
 375                         "               Use \"-Q help\" for a list of valid options.\n"
 376                         "  -I srcaddr   source address\n"
 377                         "  -D device    outgoing interface name\n"
 378                         "  -f filename  filename to read hosts from\n"
 379 #if USE_NCURSES
 380                         "  -u / -U      force / disable UTF-8 output\n"
 381 #endif
 382                         "  -P percent   Report the n'th percentile of latency\n"
 383                         "  -Z percent   Exit with non-zero exit status if more than this percentage of\n"
 384                         "               probes timed out. (default: never)\n"
 385
 386                         "\noping "PACKAGE_VERSION", http://verplant.org/liboping/\n"
 387                         "by Florian octo Forster <octo@verplant.org>\n"
 388                         "for contributions see `AUTHORS'\n",
 389                         name);
 390         exit (status);
 391 } /* }}} void usage_exit */
 392
 393 __attribute__((noreturn))
 394 static void usage_qos_exit (const char *arg, int status) /* {{{ */
 395 {
 396         if (arg != 0)
 397                 fprintf (stderr, "Invalid QoS argument: \"%s\"\n\n", arg);
 398
 399         fprintf (stderr, "Valid QoS arguments (option \"-Q\") are:\n"
 400                         "\n"
 401                         "  Differentiated Services (IPv4 and IPv6, RFC 2474)\n"
 402                         "\n"
 403                         "    be                     Best Effort (BE, default PHB).\n"
 404                         "    ef                     Expedited Forwarding (EF) PHB group (RFC 3246).\n"
 405                         "                           (low delay, low loss, low jitter)\n"
 406                         "    va                     Voice Admit (VA) DSCP (RFC 5865).\n"
 407                         "                           (capacity-admitted traffic)\n"
 408                         "    af[1-4][1-3]           Assured Forwarding (AF) PHB group (RFC 2597).\n"
 409                         "                           For example: \"af12\" (class 1, precedence 2)\n"
 410                         "    cs[0-7]                Class Selector (CS) PHB group (RFC 2474).\n"
 411                         "                           For example: \"cs1\" (priority traffic)\n"
 412                         "\n"
 413                         "  Type of Service (IPv4, RFC 1349, obsolete)\n"
 414                         "\n"
 415                         "    lowdelay     (%#04x)    minimize delay\n"
 416                         "    throughput   (%#04x)    maximize throughput\n"
 417                         "    reliability  (%#04x)    maximize reliability\n"
 418                         "    mincost      (%#04x)    minimize monetary cost\n"
 419                         "\n"
 420                         "  Specify manually\n"
 421                         "\n"
 422                         "    0x00 - 0xff            Hexadecimal numeric specification.\n"
 423                         "       0 -  255            Decimal numeric specification.\n"
 424                         "\n",
 425                         (unsigned int) IPTOS_LOWDELAY,
 426                         (unsigned int) IPTOS_THROUGHPUT,
 427                         (unsigned int) IPTOS_RELIABILITY,
 428                         (unsigned int) IPTOS_MINCOST);
 429
 430         exit (status);
 431 } /* }}} void usage_qos_exit */
 432
 433 static int set_opt_send_qos (const char *opt) /* {{{ */
 434 {
 435         if (opt == NULL)
 436                 return (EINVAL);
 437
 438         if (strcasecmp ("help", opt) == 0)
 439                 usage_qos_exit (/* arg = */ NULL, /* status = */ EXIT_SUCCESS);
 440         /* DiffServ (RFC 2474): */
 441         /* - Best effort (BE) */
 442         else if (strcasecmp ("be", opt) == 0)
 443                 opt_send_qos = 0;
 444         /* - Expedited Forwarding (EF, RFC 3246) */
 445         else if (strcasecmp ("ef", opt) == 0)
 446                 opt_send_qos = 0xB8; /* == 0x2E << 2 */
 447         /* - Voice Admit (VA, RFC 5865) */
 448         else if (strcasecmp ("va", opt) == 0)
 449                 opt_send_qos = 0xB0; /* == 0x2D << 2 */
 450         /* - Assured Forwarding (AF, RFC 2597) */
 451         else if ((strncasecmp ("af", opt, strlen ("af")) == 0)
 452                         && (strlen (opt) == 4))
 453         {
 454                 uint8_t dscp;
 455                 uint8_t class = 0;
 456                 uint8_t prec = 0;
 457
 458                 /* There are four classes, AF1x, AF2x, AF3x, and AF4x. */
 459                 if (opt[2] == '1')
 460                         class = 1;
 461                 else if (opt[2] == '2')
 462                         class = 2;
 463                 else if (opt[2] == '3')
 464                         class = 3;
 465                 else if (opt[2] == '4')
 466                         class = 4;
 467                 else
 468                         usage_qos_exit (/* arg = */ opt, /* status = */ EXIT_SUCCESS);
 469
 470                 /* In each class, there are three precedences, AFx1, AFx2, and AFx3 */
 471                 if (opt[3] == '1')
 472                         prec = 1;
 473                 else if (opt[3] == '2')
 474                         prec = 2;
 475                 else if (opt[3] == '3')
 476                         prec = 3;
 477                 else
 478                         usage_qos_exit (/* arg = */ opt, /* status = */ EXIT_SUCCESS);
 479
 480                 dscp = (8 * class) + (2 * prec);
 481                 /* The lower two bits are used for Explicit Congestion Notification (ECN) */
 482                 opt_send_qos = dscp << 2;
 483         }
 484         /* - Class Selector (CS) */
 485         else if ((strncasecmp ("cs", opt, strlen ("cs")) == 0)
 486                         && (strlen (opt) == 3))
 487         {
 488                 uint8_t class;
 489
 490                 if ((opt[2] < '0') || (opt[2] > '7'))
 491                         usage_qos_exit (/* arg = */ opt, /* status = */ EXIT_FAILURE);
 492
 493                 /* Not exactly legal by the C standard, but I don't know of any
 494                  * system not supporting this hack. */
 495                 class = ((uint8_t) opt[2]) - ((uint8_t) '0');
 496                 opt_send_qos = class << 5;
 497         }
 498         /* Type of Service (RFC 1349) */
 499         else if (strcasecmp ("lowdelay", opt) == 0)
 500                 opt_send_qos = IPTOS_LOWDELAY;
 501         else if (strcasecmp ("throughput", opt) == 0)
 502                 opt_send_qos = IPTOS_THROUGHPUT;
 503         else if (strcasecmp ("reliability", opt) == 0)
 504                 opt_send_qos = IPTOS_RELIABILITY;
 505         else if (strcasecmp ("mincost", opt) == 0)
 506                 opt_send_qos = IPTOS_MINCOST;
 507         /* Numeric value */
 508         else
 509         {
 510                 unsigned long value;
 511                 char *endptr;
 512
 513                 errno = 0;
 514                 endptr = NULL;
 515                 value = strtoul (opt, &endptr, /* base = */ 0);
 516                 if ((errno != 0) || (endptr == opt)
 517                                 || (endptr == NULL) || (*endptr != 0)
 518                                 || (value > 0xff))
 519                         usage_qos_exit (/* arg = */ opt, /* status = */ EXIT_FAILURE);
 520
 521                 opt_send_qos = (uint8_t) value;
 522         }
 523
 524         return (0);
 525 } /* }}} int set_opt_send_qos */
 526
 527 static char *format_qos (uint8_t qos, char *buffer, size_t buffer_size) /* {{{ */
 528 {
 529         uint8_t dscp;
 530         uint8_t ecn;
 531         char *dscp_str;
 532         char *ecn_str;
 533
 534         dscp = qos >> 2;
 535         ecn = qos & 0x03;
 536
 537         switch (dscp)
 538         {
 539                 case 0x00: dscp_str = "be";  break;
 540                 case 0x2e: dscp_str = "ef";  break;
 541                 case 0x2d: dscp_str = "va";  break;
 542                 case 0x0a: dscp_str = "af11"; break;
 543                 case 0x0c: dscp_str = "af12"; break;
 544                 case 0x0e: dscp_str = "af13"; break;
 545                 case 0x12: dscp_str = "af21"; break;
 546                 case 0x14: dscp_str = "af22"; break;
 547                 case 0x16: dscp_str = "af23"; break;
 548                 case 0x1a: dscp_str = "af31"; break;
 549                 case 0x1c: dscp_str = "af32"; break;
 550                 case 0x1e: dscp_str = "af33"; break;
 551                 case 0x22: dscp_str = "af41"; break;
 552                 case 0x24: dscp_str = "af42"; break;
 553                 case 0x26: dscp_str = "af43"; break;
 554                 case 0x08: dscp_str = "cs1";  break;
 555                 case 0x10: dscp_str = "cs2";  break;
 556                 case 0x18: dscp_str = "cs3";  break;
 557                 case 0x20: dscp_str = "cs4";  break;
 558                 case 0x28: dscp_str = "cs5";  break;
 559                 case 0x30: dscp_str = "cs6";  break;
 560                 case 0x38: dscp_str = "cs7";  break;
 561                 default:   dscp_str = NULL;
 562         }
 563
 564         switch (ecn)
 565         {
 566                 case 0x01: ecn_str = ",ecn(1)"; break;
 567                 case 0x02: ecn_str = ",ecn(0)"; break;
 568                 case 0x03: ecn_str = ",ce"; break;
 569                 default:   ecn_str = "";
 570         }
 571
 572         if (dscp_str == NULL)
 573                 snprintf (buffer, buffer_size, "0x%02x%s", dscp, ecn_str);
 574         else
 575                 snprintf (buffer, buffer_size, "%s%s", dscp_str, ecn_str);
 576         buffer[buffer_size - 1] = 0;
 577
 578         return (buffer);
 579 } /* }}} char *format_qos */
 580
 581 static int read_options (int argc, char **argv) /* {{{ */
 582 {
 583         int optchar;
 584
 585         while (1)
 586         {
 587                 optchar = getopt (argc, argv, "46c:hi:I:t:Q:f:D:Z:P:"
 588 #if USE_NCURSES
 589                                 "uUg:"
 590 #endif
 591                                 );
 592
 593                 if (optchar == -1)
 594                         break;
 595
 596                 switch (optchar)
 597                 {
 598                         case '4':
 599                         case '6':
 600                                 opt_addrfamily = (optchar == '4') ? AF_INET : AF_INET6;
 601                                 break;
 602
 603                         case 'c':
 604                                 {
 605                                         int new_count;
 606                                         new_count = atoi (optarg);
 607                                         if (new_count > 0)
 608                                         {
 609                                                 opt_count = new_count;
 610
 611                                                 if ((opt_percentile < 0.0) && (opt_count < 20))
 612                                                         opt_percentile = 100.0 * (opt_count - 1) / opt_count;
 613                                         }
 614                                         else
 615                                                 fprintf(stderr, "Ignoring invalid count: %s\n",
 616                                                                 optarg);
 617                                 }
 618                                 break;
 619
 620                         case 'f':
 621                                 {
 622                                         if (opt_filename != NULL)
 623                                                 free (opt_filename);
 624                                         opt_filename = strdup (optarg);
 625                                 }
 626                                 break;
 627
 628                         case 'i':
 629                                 {
 630                                         double new_interval;
 631                                         new_interval = atof (optarg);
 632                                         if (new_interval < 0.001)
 633                                                 fprintf (stderr, "Ignoring invalid interval: %s\n",
 634                                                                 optarg);
 635                                         else
 636                                                 opt_interval = new_interval;
 637                                 }
 638                                 break;
 639
 640                         case 'I':
 641                                 {
 642                                         if (opt_srcaddr != NULL)
 643                                                 free (opt_srcaddr);
 644                                         opt_srcaddr = strdup (optarg);
 645                                 }
 646                                 break;
 647
 648                         case 'D':
 649                                 opt_device = optarg;
 650                                 break;
 651
 652                         case 't':
 653                         {
 654                                 int new_send_ttl;
 655                                 new_send_ttl = atoi (optarg);
 656                                 if ((new_send_ttl > 0) && (new_send_ttl < 256))
 657                                         opt_send_ttl = new_send_ttl;
 658                                 else
 659                                         fprintf (stderr, "Ignoring invalid TTL argument: %s\n",
 660                                                         optarg);
 661                                 break;
 662                         }
 663
 664                         case 'Q':
 665                                 set_opt_send_qos (optarg);
 666                                 break;
 667
 668                         case 'P':
 669                                 {
 670                                         double new_percentile;
 671                                         new_percentile = atof (optarg);
 672                                         if (isnan (new_percentile)
 673                                                         || (new_percentile < 0.1)
 674                                                         || (new_percentile > 100.0))
 675                                                 fprintf (stderr, "Ignoring invalid percentile: %s\n",
 676                                                                 optarg);
 677                                         else
 678                                                 opt_percentile = new_percentile;
 679                                 }
 680                                 break;
 681
 682 #if USE_NCURSES
 683                         case 'g':
 684                                 if (strcasecmp ("none", optarg) == 0)
 685                                         opt_show_graph = 0;
 686                                 else if (strcasecmp ("prettyping", optarg) == 0)
 687                                         opt_show_graph = 1;
 688                                 else if (strcasecmp ("boxplot", optarg) == 0)
 689                                         opt_show_graph = 2;
 690                                 else
 691                                         fprintf (stderr, "Unknown graph option: %s\n", optarg);
 692                                 break;
 693
 694                         case 'u':
 695                                 opt_utf8 = 2;
 696                                 break;
 697                         case 'U':
 698                                 opt_utf8 = 1;
 699                                 break;
 700 #endif
 701
 702                         case 'Z':
 703                         {
 704                                 char *endptr = NULL;
 705                                 double tmp;
 706
 707                                 errno = 0;
 708                                 tmp = strtod (optarg, &endptr);
 709                                 if ((errno != 0) || (endptr == NULL) || (*endptr != 0) || (tmp < 0.0) || (tmp > 100.0))
 710                                 {
 711                                         fprintf (stderr, "Ignoring invalid -Z argument: %s\n", optarg);
 712                                         fprintf (stderr, "The \"-Z\" option requires a numeric argument between 0 and 100.\n");
 713                                 }
 714                                 else
 715                                         opt_exit_status_threshold = tmp / 100.0;
 716
 717                                 break;
 718                         }
 719
 720                         case 'h':
 721                                 usage_exit (argv[0], 0);
 722                                 break;
 723
 724                         default:
 725                                 usage_exit (argv[0], 1);
 726                 }
 727         }
 728
 729         if (opt_percentile <= 0.0)
 730                 opt_percentile = OPING_DEFAULT_PERCENTILE;
 731
 732         return (optind);
 733 } /* }}} read_options */
 734
 735 static void time_normalize (struct timespec *ts) /* {{{ */
 736 {
 737         while (ts->tv_nsec < 0)
 738         {
 739                 if (ts->tv_sec == 0)
 740                 {
 741                         ts->tv_nsec = 0;
 742                         return;
 743                 }
 744
 745                 ts->tv_sec  -= 1;
 746                 ts->tv_nsec += 1000000000;
 747         }
 748
 749         while (ts->tv_nsec >= 1000000000)
 750         {
 751                 ts->tv_sec  += 1;
 752                 ts->tv_nsec -= 1000000000;
 753         }
 754 } /* }}} void time_normalize */
 755
 756 static void time_calc (struct timespec *ts_dest, /* {{{ */
 757                 const struct timespec *ts_int,
 758                 const struct timeval  *tv_begin,
 759                 const struct timeval  *tv_end)
 760 {
 761         ts_dest->tv_sec = tv_begin->tv_sec + ts_int->tv_sec;
 762         ts_dest->tv_nsec = (tv_begin->tv_usec * 1000) + ts_int->tv_nsec;
 763         time_normalize (ts_dest);
 764
 765         /* Assure that `(begin + interval) > end'.
 766          * This may seem overly complicated, but `tv_sec' is of type `time_t'
 767          * which may be `unsigned. *sigh* */
 768         if ((tv_end->tv_sec > ts_dest->tv_sec)
 769                         || ((tv_end->tv_sec == ts_dest->tv_sec)
 770                                 && ((tv_end->tv_usec * 1000) > ts_dest->tv_nsec)))
 771         {
 772                 ts_dest->tv_sec  = 0;
 773                 ts_dest->tv_nsec = 0;
 774                 return;
 775         }
 776
 777         ts_dest->tv_sec = ts_dest->tv_sec - tv_end->tv_sec;
 778         ts_dest->tv_nsec = ts_dest->tv_nsec - (tv_end->tv_usec * 1000);
 779         time_normalize (ts_dest);
 780 } /* }}} void time_calc */
 781
 782 #if USE_NCURSES
 783 static _Bool has_utf8() /* {{{ */
 784 {
 785 # if HAVE_NCURSESW_NCURSES_H
 786         if (!opt_utf8)
 787         {
 788                 /* Automatically determine */
 789                 if (strcasecmp ("UTF-8", nl_langinfo (CODESET)) == 0)
 790                         opt_utf8 = 2;
 791                 else
 792                         opt_utf8 = 1;
 793         }
 794         return ((_Bool) (opt_utf8 - 1));
 795 # else
 796         return (0);
 797 # endif
 798 } /* }}} _Bool has_utf8 */
 799
 800 static int update_boxplot (ping_context_t *ctx) /* {{{ */
 801 {
 802         uint32_t *accumulated;
 803         double *ratios;
 804         uint32_t num;
 805         size_t i;
 806         size_t x_max;
 807         size_t x;
 808
 809         x_max = (size_t) getmaxx (ctx->window);
 810         if (x_max <= 4)
 811                 return (EINVAL);
 812         x_max -= 4;
 813
 814         accumulated = calloc (x_max, sizeof (*accumulated));
 815         ratios = calloc (x_max, sizeof (*ratios));
 816
 817         /* Downsample */
 818         for (i = 0; i < ctx->latency_histogram_size; i++)
 819         {
 820                 x = i * x_max / ctx->latency_histogram_size;
 821                 accumulated[x] += ctx->latency_histogram[i];
 822         }
 823
 824         /* Sum */
 825         for (x = 1; x < x_max; x++)
 826                 accumulated[x] += accumulated[x - 1];
 827
 828         num = accumulated[x_max - 1];
 829
 830         /* Calculate ratios */
 831         for (x = 0; x < x_max; x++)
 832                 ratios[x] = ((double) accumulated[x]) / ((double) num);
 833
 834         for (x = 0; x < x_max; x++)
 835         {
 836                 int symbol = ' ';
 837                 _Bool reverse = 0;
 838
 839                 if (x == 0)
 840                 {
 841                         if (ratios[x] >= 0.5)
 842                         {
 843                                 symbol = BOXPLOT_MEDIAN;
 844                                 reverse = 1;
 845                         }
 846                         else if (ratios[x] > 0.25)
 847                         {
 848                                 symbol = BOXPLOT_BOX;
 849                                 reverse = 1;
 850                         }
 851                         else if (ratios[x] > 0.025)
 852                                 symbol = BOXPLOT_WHISKER_BAR;
 853                         else
 854                                 symbol = ' '; /* NOP */
 855                 }
 856                 else /* (x != 0) */
 857                 {
 858                         if ((ratios[x - 1] < 0.5) && (ratios[x] >= 0.5))
 859                         {
 860                                 symbol = BOXPLOT_MEDIAN;
 861                                 reverse = 1;
 862                         }
 863                         else if (((ratios[x] >= 0.25) && (ratios[x] <= 0.75))
 864                                         || ((ratios[x - 1] < 0.75) && (ratios[x] > 0.75)))
 865                         {
 866                                 symbol = BOXPLOT_BOX;
 867                                 reverse = 1;
 868                         }
 869                         else if ((ratios[x] < 0.5) && (ratios[x] >= 0.025))
 870                         {
 871                                 if (ratios[x - 1] < 0.025)
 872                                         symbol = BOXPLOT_WHISKER_LEFT_END;
 873                                 else
 874                                         symbol = BOXPLOT_WHISKER_BAR;
 875                         }
 876                         else if ((ratios[x] > .5) && (ratios[x] < 0.975))
 877                         {
 878                                 symbol = BOXPLOT_WHISKER_BAR;
 879                         }
 880                         else if ((ratios[x] >= 0.975) && (ratios[x - 1] < 0.975))
 881                                 symbol = BOXPLOT_WHISKER_RIGHT_END;
 882                 }
 883
 884                 if (reverse)
 885                         wattron (ctx->window, A_REVERSE);
 886                 mvwaddch (ctx->window, /* y = */ 3, /* x = */ (int) (x + 2), symbol);
 887                 // mvwprintw (ctx->window, /* y = */ 3, /* x = */ (int) (x + 2), symbol);
 888                 if (reverse)
 889                         wattroff (ctx->window, A_REVERSE);
 890         }
 891
 892         free (ratios);
 893         free (accumulated);
 894         return (0);
 895 } /* }}} int update_boxplot */
 896
 897 static int update_prettyping_graph (ping_context_t *ctx, /* {{{ */
 898                 double latency, unsigned int sequence)
 899 {
 900         int color = OPING_RED;
 901         char const *symbol = "!";
 902         int symbolc = '!';
 903
 904         int x_max;
 905         int x_pos;
 906
 907         x_max = getmaxx (ctx->window);
 908         x_pos = ((sequence - 1) % (x_max - 4)) + 2;
 909
 910         if (latency >= 0.0)
 911         {
 912                 double ratio;
 913
 914                 size_t symbols_num = hist_symbols_acs_num;
 915                 size_t colors_num = 1;
 916
 917                 size_t index_symbols;
 918                 size_t index_colors;
 919                 size_t intensity;
 920
 921                 /* latency is in milliseconds, opt_interval is in seconds. */
 922                 ratio = (latency * 0.001) / opt_interval;
 923                 if (ratio > 1) {
 924                         ratio = 1.0;
 925                 }
 926
 927                 if (has_utf8 ())
 928                         symbols_num = hist_symbols_utf8_num;
 929
 930                 if (has_colors () == TRUE)
 931                         colors_num = hist_colors_num;
 932
 933                 intensity = (size_t) (ratio * ((double) (symbols_num * colors_num)));
 934                 if (intensity >= (symbols_num * colors_num))
 935                         intensity = (symbols_num * colors_num) - 1;
 936
 937                 index_symbols = intensity % symbols_num;
 938                 assert (index_symbols < symbols_num);
 939
 940                 index_colors = intensity / symbols_num;
 941                 assert (index_colors < colors_num);
 942
 943                 if (has_utf8())
 944                 {
 945                         color = hist_colors_utf8[index_colors];
 946                         symbol = hist_symbols_utf8[index_symbols];
 947                 }
 948                 else
 949                 {
 950                         color = hist_colors_acs[index_colors];
 951                         symbolc = hist_symbols_acs[index_symbols] | A_ALTCHARSET;
 952                 }
 953         }
 954         else /* if (!(latency >= 0.0)) */
 955                 wattron (ctx->window, A_BOLD);
 956
 957         if (has_colors () == TRUE)
 958                 wattron (ctx->window, COLOR_PAIR(color));
 959
 960         if (has_utf8())
 961                 mvwprintw (ctx->window, /* y = */ 3, /* x = */ x_pos, symbol);
 962         else
 963                 mvwaddch (ctx->window, /* y = */ 3, /* x = */ x_pos, symbolc);
 964
 965         if (has_colors () == TRUE)
 966                 wattroff (ctx->window, COLOR_PAIR(color));
 967
 968         /* Use negation here to handle NaN correctly. */
 969         if (!(latency >= 0.0))
 970                 wattroff (ctx->window, A_BOLD);
 971
 972         wprintw (ctx->window, " ");
 973         return (0);
 974 } /* }}} int update_prettyping_graph */
 975
 976 static int update_stats_from_context (ping_context_t *ctx, pingobj_iter_t *iter) /* {{{ */
 977 {
 978         double latency = -1.0;
 979         size_t buffer_len = sizeof (latency);
 980
 981         ping_iterator_get_info (iter, PING_INFO_LATENCY,
 982                         &latency, &buffer_len);
 983
 984         unsigned int sequence = 0;
 985         buffer_len = sizeof (sequence);
 986         ping_iterator_get_info (iter, PING_INFO_SEQUENCE,
 987                         &sequence, &buffer_len);
 988
 989
 990         if ((ctx == NULL) || (ctx->window == NULL))
 991                 return (EINVAL);
 992
 993         /* werase (ctx->window); */
 994
 995         box (ctx->window, 0, 0);
 996         wattron (ctx->window, A_BOLD);
 997         mvwprintw (ctx->window, /* y = */ 0, /* x = */ 5,
 998                         " %s ", ctx->host);
 999         wattroff (ctx->window, A_BOLD);
1000         wprintw (ctx->window, "ping statistics ");
1001         mvwprintw (ctx->window, /* y = */ 1, /* x = */ 2,
1002                         "%i packets transmitted, %i received, %.2f%% packet "
1003                         "loss, time %.1fms",
1004                         ctx->req_sent, ctx->req_rcvd,
1005                         context_get_packet_loss (ctx),
1006                         ctx->latency_total);
1007         if (ctx->req_rcvd != 0)
1008         {
1009                 double average;
1010                 double deviation;
1011                 double percentile;
1012
1013                 average = context_get_average (ctx);
1014                 deviation = context_get_stddev (ctx);
1015                 percentile = context_get_percentile (ctx, opt_percentile);
1016
1017                 mvwprintw (ctx->window, /* y = */ 2, /* x = */ 2,
1018                                 "rtt min/avg/%.0f%%/max/sdev = "
1019                                 "%.3f/%.3f/%.0f/%.3f/%.3f ms\n",
1020                                 opt_percentile,
1021                                 ctx->latency_min,
1022                                 average,
1023                                 percentile,
1024                                 ctx->latency_max,
1025                                 deviation);
1026         }
1027
1028         if (opt_show_graph == 1)
1029                 update_prettyping_graph (ctx, latency, sequence);
1030         else if (opt_show_graph == 2)
1031                 update_boxplot (ctx);
1032
1033         wrefresh (ctx->window);
1034
1035         return (0);
1036 } /* }}} int update_stats_from_context */
1037
1038 static int on_resize (pingobj_t *ping) /* {{{ */
1039 {
1040         pingobj_iter_t *iter;
1041         int width = 0;
1042         int height = 0;
1043         int main_win_height;
1044         int box_height = (opt_show_graph == 0) ? 4 : 5;
1045
1046         getmaxyx (stdscr, height, width);
1047         if ((height < 1) || (width < 1))
1048                 return (EINVAL);
1049
1050         main_win_height = height - (box_height * host_num);
1051         wresize (main_win, main_win_height, /* width = */ width);
1052         /* Allow scrolling */
1053         scrollok (main_win, TRUE);
1054         /* wsetscrreg (main_win, 0, main_win_height - 1); */
1055         /* Allow hardware accelerated scrolling. */
1056         idlok (main_win, TRUE);
1057         wrefresh (main_win);
1058
1059         for (iter = ping_iterator_get (ping);
1060                         iter != NULL;
1061                         iter = ping_iterator_next (iter))
1062         {
1063                 ping_context_t *context;
1064
1065                 context = ping_iterator_get_context (iter);
1066                 if (context == NULL)
1067                         continue;
1068
1069                 if (context->window != NULL)
1070                 {
1071                         delwin (context->window);
1072                         context->window = NULL;
1073                 }
1074                 context->window = newwin (/* height = */ box_height,
1075                                 /* width = */ width,
1076                                 /* y = */ main_win_height + (box_height * context->index),
1077                                 /* x = */ 0);
1078         }
1079
1080         return (0);
1081 } /* }}} */
1082
1083 static int check_resize (pingobj_t *ping) /* {{{ */
1084 {
1085         int need_resize = 0;
1086
1087         while (42)
1088         {
1089                 int key = wgetch (stdscr);
1090                 if (key == ERR)
1091                         break;
1092                 else if (key == KEY_RESIZE)
1093                         need_resize = 1;
1094         }
1095
1096         if (need_resize)
1097                 return (on_resize (ping));
1098         else
1099                 return (0);
1100 } /* }}} int check_resize */
1101
1102 static int pre_loop_hook (pingobj_t *ping) /* {{{ */
1103 {
1104         pingobj_iter_t *iter;
1105         int width = 0;
1106         int height = 0;
1107         int main_win_height;
1108         int box_height = (opt_show_graph == 0) ? 4 : 5;
1109
1110         initscr ();
1111         cbreak ();
1112         noecho ();
1113         nodelay (stdscr, TRUE);
1114
1115         getmaxyx (stdscr, height, width);
1116         if ((height < 1) || (width < 1))
1117                 return (EINVAL);
1118
1119         if (has_colors () == TRUE)
1120         {
1121                 start_color ();
1122                 init_pair (OPING_GREEN,  COLOR_GREEN,  /* default = */ 0);
1123                 init_pair (OPING_YELLOW, COLOR_YELLOW, /* default = */ 0);
1124                 init_pair (OPING_RED,    COLOR_RED,    /* default = */ 0);
1125                 init_pair (OPING_GREEN_HIST,  COLOR_GREEN,  COLOR_BLACK);
1126                 init_pair (OPING_YELLOW_HIST, COLOR_YELLOW, COLOR_GREEN);
1127                 init_pair (OPING_RED_HIST,    COLOR_RED,    COLOR_YELLOW);
1128         }
1129
1130         main_win_height = height - (box_height * host_num);
1131         main_win = newwin (/* height = */ main_win_height,
1132                         /* width = */ width,
1133                         /* y = */ 0, /* x = */ 0);
1134         /* Allow scrolling */
1135         scrollok (main_win, TRUE);
1136         /* wsetscrreg (main_win, 0, main_win_height - 1); */
1137         /* Allow hardware accelerated scrolling. */
1138         idlok (main_win, TRUE);
1139         wmove (main_win, /* y = */ main_win_height - 1, /* x = */ 0);
1140         wrefresh (main_win);
1141
1142         for (iter = ping_iterator_get (ping);
1143                         iter != NULL;
1144                         iter = ping_iterator_next (iter))
1145         {
1146                 ping_context_t *context;
1147
1148                 context = ping_iterator_get_context (iter);
1149                 if (context == NULL)
1150                         continue;
1151
1152                 if (context->window != NULL)
1153                 {
1154                         delwin (context->window);
1155                         context->window = NULL;
1156                 }
1157                 context->window = newwin (/* height = */ box_height,
1158                                 /* width = */ width,
1159                                 /* y = */ main_win_height + (box_height * context->index),
1160                                 /* x = */ 0);
1161         }
1162
1163
1164         /* Don't know what good this does exactly, but without this code
1165          * "check_resize" will be called right after startup and *somehow*
1166          * this leads to display errors. If we purge all initial characters
1167          * here, the problem goes away. "wgetch" is non-blocking due to
1168          * "nodelay" (see above). */
1169         while (wgetch (stdscr) != ERR)
1170         {
1171                 /* eat up characters */;
1172         }
1173
1174         return (0);
1175 } /* }}} int pre_loop_hook */
1176
1177 static int pre_sleep_hook (pingobj_t *ping) /* {{{ */
1178 {
1179         return (check_resize (ping));
1180 } /* }}} int pre_sleep_hook */
1181
1182 static int post_sleep_hook (pingobj_t *ping) /* {{{ */
1183 {
1184         return (check_resize (ping));
1185 } /* }}} int pre_sleep_hook */
1186 #else /* if !USE_NCURSES */
1187 static int pre_loop_hook (pingobj_t *ping) /* {{{ */
1188 {
1189         pingobj_iter_t *iter;
1190
1191         for (iter = ping_iterator_get (ping);
1192                         iter != NULL;
1193                         iter = ping_iterator_next (iter))
1194         {
1195                 ping_context_t *ctx;
1196                 size_t buffer_size;
1197
1198                 ctx = ping_iterator_get_context (iter);
1199                 if (ctx == NULL)
1200                         continue;
1201
1202                 buffer_size = 0;
1203                 ping_iterator_get_info (iter, PING_INFO_DATA, NULL, &buffer_size);
1204
1205                 printf ("PING %s (%s) %zu bytes of data.\n",
1206                                 ctx->host, ctx->addr, buffer_size);
1207         }
1208
1209         return (0);
1210 } /* }}} int pre_loop_hook */
1211
1212 static int pre_sleep_hook (__attribute__((unused)) pingobj_t *ping) /* {{{ */
1213 {
1214         fflush (stdout);
1215
1216         return (0);
1217 } /* }}} int pre_sleep_hook */
1218
1219 static int post_sleep_hook (__attribute__((unused)) pingobj_t *ping) /* {{{ */
1220 {
1221         return (0);
1222 } /* }}} int post_sleep_hook */
1223 #endif
1224
1225 static void update_context (ping_context_t *context, double latency) /* {{{ */
1226 {
1227         size_t bucket;
1228
1229         context->req_rcvd++;
1230         context->latency_total += latency;
1231         context->latency_total_square += (latency * latency);
1232
1233         if ((context->latency_max < 0.0) || (context->latency_max < latency))
1234                 context->latency_max = latency;
1235         if ((context->latency_min < 0.0) || (context->latency_min > latency))
1236                 context->latency_min = latency;
1237
1238         if (context->latency_histogram == NULL)
1239                 return;
1240
1241         /* latency is in ms, opt_interval is in s. */
1242         bucket = (size_t) ((latency * (context->latency_histogram_size - 1))
1243                         / (1000.0 * opt_interval));
1244         if (bucket >= context->latency_histogram_size)
1245                 bucket = context->latency_histogram_size - 1;
1246         context->latency_histogram[bucket]++;
1247 } /* }}} void update_context */
1248
1249 static void update_host_hook (pingobj_iter_t *iter, /* {{{ */
1250                 __attribute__((unused)) int index)
1251 {
1252         double          latency;
1253         unsigned int    sequence;
1254         int             recv_ttl;
1255         uint8_t         recv_qos;
1256         char            recv_qos_str[16];
1257         size_t          buffer_len;
1258         size_t          data_len;
1259         ping_context_t *context;
1260
1261         latency = -1.0;
1262         buffer_len = sizeof (latency);
1263         ping_iterator_get_info (iter, PING_INFO_LATENCY,
1264                         &latency, &buffer_len);
1265
1266         sequence = 0;
1267         buffer_len = sizeof (sequence);
1268         ping_iterator_get_info (iter, PING_INFO_SEQUENCE,
1269                         &sequence, &buffer_len);
1270
1271         recv_ttl = -1;
1272         buffer_len = sizeof (recv_ttl);
1273         ping_iterator_get_info (iter, PING_INFO_RECV_TTL,
1274                         &recv_ttl, &buffer_len);
1275
1276         recv_qos = 0;
1277         buffer_len = sizeof (recv_qos);
1278         ping_iterator_get_info (iter, PING_INFO_RECV_QOS,
1279                         &recv_qos, &buffer_len);
1280
1281         data_len = 0;
1282         ping_iterator_get_info (iter, PING_INFO_DATA,
1283                         NULL, &data_len);
1284
1285         context = (ping_context_t *) ping_iterator_get_context (iter);
1286
1287 #if USE_NCURSES
1288 # define HOST_PRINTF(...) wprintw(main_win, __VA_ARGS__)
1289 #else
1290 # define HOST_PRINTF(...) printf(__VA_ARGS__)
1291 #endif
1292
1293         context->req_sent++;
1294         if (latency > 0.0)
1295         {
1296                 update_context (context, latency);
1297
1298 #if USE_NCURSES
1299                 if (has_colors () == TRUE)
1300                 {
1301                         int color = OPING_GREEN;
1302                         double average = context_get_average (context);
1303                         double stddev = context_get_stddev (context);
1304
1305                         if ((latency < (average - (2 * stddev)))
1306                                         || (latency > (average + (2 * stddev))))
1307                                 color = OPING_RED;
1308                         else if ((latency < (average - stddev))
1309                                         || (latency > (average + stddev)))
1310                                 color = OPING_YELLOW;
1311
1312                         HOST_PRINTF ("%zu bytes from %s (%s): icmp_seq=%u ttl=%i ",
1313                                         data_len, context->host, context->addr,
1314                                         sequence, recv_ttl,
1315                                         format_qos (recv_qos, recv_qos_str, sizeof (recv_qos_str)));
1316                         if ((recv_qos != 0) || (opt_send_qos != 0))
1317                         {
1318                                 HOST_PRINTF ("qos=%s ",
1319                                                 format_qos (recv_qos, recv_qos_str, sizeof (recv_qos_str)));
1320                         }
1321                         HOST_PRINTF ("time=");
1322                         wattron (main_win, COLOR_PAIR(color));
1323                         HOST_PRINTF ("%.2f", latency);
1324                         wattroff (main_win, COLOR_PAIR(color));
1325                         HOST_PRINTF (" ms\n");
1326                 }
1327                 else
1328                 {
1329 #endif
1330                 HOST_PRINTF ("%zu bytes from %s (%s): icmp_seq=%u ttl=%i ",
1331                                 data_len,
1332                                 context->host, context->addr,
1333                                 sequence, recv_ttl);
1334                 if ((recv_qos != 0) || (opt_send_qos != 0))
1335                 {
1336                         HOST_PRINTF ("qos=%s ",
1337                                         format_qos (recv_qos, recv_qos_str, sizeof (recv_qos_str)));
1338                 }
1339                 HOST_PRINTF ("time=%.2f ms\n", latency);
1340 #if USE_NCURSES
1341                 }
1342 #endif
1343         }
1344         else
1345         {
1346 #if USE_NCURSES
1347                 if (has_colors () == TRUE)
1348                 {
1349                         HOST_PRINTF ("echo reply from %s (%s): icmp_seq=%u ",
1350                                         context->host, context->addr,
1351                                         sequence);
1352                         wattron (main_win, COLOR_PAIR(OPING_RED) | A_BOLD);
1353                         HOST_PRINTF ("timeout");
1354                         wattroff (main_win, COLOR_PAIR(OPING_RED) | A_BOLD);
1355                         HOST_PRINTF ("\n");
1356                 }
1357                 else
1358                 {
1359 #endif
1360                 HOST_PRINTF ("echo reply from %s (%s): icmp_seq=%u timeout\n",
1361                                 context->host, context->addr,
1362                                 sequence);
1363 #if USE_NCURSES
1364                 }
1365 #endif
1366         }
1367
1368 #if USE_NCURSES
1369         update_stats_from_context (context, iter);
1370         wrefresh (main_win);
1371 #endif
1372 } /* }}} void update_host_hook */
1373
1374 /* Prints statistics for each host, cleans up the contexts and returns the
1375  * number of hosts which failed to return more than the fraction
1376  * opt_exit_status_threshold of pings. */
1377 static int post_loop_hook (pingobj_t *ping) /* {{{ */
1378 {
1379         pingobj_iter_t *iter;
1380         int failure_count = 0;
1381
1382 #if USE_NCURSES
1383         endwin ();
1384 #endif
1385
1386         for (iter = ping_iterator_get (ping);
1387                         iter != NULL;
1388                         iter = ping_iterator_next (iter))
1389         {
1390                 ping_context_t *context;
1391
1392                 context = ping_iterator_get_context (iter);
1393
1394                 printf ("\n--- %s ping statistics ---\n"
1395                                 "%i packets transmitted, %i received, %.2f%% packet loss, time %.1fms\n",
1396                                 context->host, context->req_sent, context->req_rcvd,
1397                                 context_get_packet_loss (context),
1398                                 context->latency_total);
1399
1400                 {
1401                         double pct_failed = 1.0 - (((double) context->req_rcvd)
1402                                         / ((double) context->req_sent));
1403                         if (pct_failed > opt_exit_status_threshold)
1404                                 failure_count++;
1405                 }
1406
1407                 if (context->req_rcvd != 0)
1408                 {
1409                         double average;
1410                         double deviation;
1411                         double percentile;
1412
1413                         average = context_get_average (context);
1414                         deviation = context_get_stddev (context);
1415                         percentile = context_get_percentile (context, opt_percentile);
1416
1417                         printf ("rtt min/avg/%.0f%%/max/sdev = "
1418                                         "%.3f/%.3f/%.0f/%.3f/%.3f ms\n",
1419                                         opt_percentile,
1420                                         context->latency_min,
1421                                         average,
1422                                         percentile,
1423                                         context->latency_max,
1424                                         deviation);
1425                 }
1426
1427                 ping_iterator_set_context (iter, NULL);
1428                 context_destroy (context);
1429         }
1430
1431         return (failure_count);
1432 } /* }}} int post_loop_hook */
1433
1434 int main (int argc, char **argv) /* {{{ */
1435 {
1436         pingobj_t      *ping;
1437         pingobj_iter_t *iter;
1438
1439         struct sigaction sigint_action;
1440
1441         struct timeval  tv_begin;
1442         struct timeval  tv_end;
1443         struct timespec ts_wait;
1444         struct timespec ts_int;
1445
1446         int optind;
1447         int i;
1448         int status;
1449 #if _POSIX_SAVED_IDS
1450         uid_t saved_set_uid;
1451
1452         /* Save the old effective user id */
1453         saved_set_uid = geteuid ();
1454         /* Set the effective user ID to the real user ID without changing the
1455          * saved set-user ID */
1456         status = seteuid (getuid ());
1457         if (status != 0)
1458         {
1459                 fprintf (stderr, "Temporarily dropping privileges "
1460                                 "failed: %s\n", strerror (errno));
1461                 exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
1462         }
1463 #endif
1464
1465         setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
1466         optind = read_options (argc, argv);
1467
1468 #if !_POSIX_SAVED_IDS
1469         /* Cannot temporarily drop privileges -> reject every file but "-". */
1470         if ((opt_filename != NULL)
1471                         && (strcmp ("-", opt_filename) != 0)
1472                         && (getuid () != geteuid ()))
1473         {
1474                 fprintf (stderr, "Your real and effective user IDs don't "
1475                                 "match. Reading from a file (option '-f')\n"
1476                                 "is therefore too risky. You can still read "
1477                                 "from STDIN using '-f -' if you like.\n"
1478                                 "Sorry.\n");
1479                 exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
1480         }
1481 #endif
1482
1483         if ((optind >= argc) && (opt_filename == NULL)) {
1484                 usage_exit (argv[0], 1);
1485         }
1486
1487         if ((ping = ping_construct ()) == NULL)
1488         {
1489                 fprintf (stderr, "ping_construct failed\n");
1490                 return (1);
1491         }
1492
1493         if (ping_setopt (ping, PING_OPT_TTL, &opt_send_ttl) != 0)
1494         {
1495                 fprintf (stderr, "Setting TTL to %i failed: %s\n",
1496                                 opt_send_ttl, ping_get_error (ping));
1497         }
1498
1499         if (ping_setopt (ping, PING_OPT_QOS, &opt_send_qos) != 0)
1500         {
1501                 fprintf (stderr, "Setting TOS to %i failed: %s\n",
1502                                 opt_send_qos, ping_get_error (ping));
1503         }
1504
1505         {
1506                 double temp_sec;
1507                 double temp_nsec;
1508
1509                 temp_nsec = modf (opt_interval, &temp_sec);
1510                 ts_int.tv_sec  = (time_t) temp_sec;
1511                 ts_int.tv_nsec = (long) (temp_nsec * 1000000000L);
1512
1513                 /* printf ("ts_int = %i.%09li\n", (int) ts_int.tv_sec, ts_int.tv_nsec); */
1514         }
1515
1516         if (opt_addrfamily != PING_DEF_AF)
1517                 ping_setopt (ping, PING_OPT_AF, (void *) &opt_addrfamily);
1518
1519         if (opt_srcaddr != NULL)
1520         {
1521                 if (ping_setopt (ping, PING_OPT_SOURCE, (void *) opt_srcaddr) != 0)
1522                 {
1523                         fprintf (stderr, "Setting source address failed: %s\n",
1524                                         ping_get_error (ping));
1525                 }
1526         }
1527
1528         if (opt_device != NULL)
1529         {
1530                 if (ping_setopt (ping, PING_OPT_DEVICE, (void *) opt_device) != 0)
1531                 {
1532                         fprintf (stderr, "Setting device failed: %s\n",
1533                                         ping_get_error (ping));
1534                 }
1535         }
1536
1537         if (opt_filename != NULL)
1538         {
1539                 FILE *infile;
1540                 char line[256];
1541                 char host[256];
1542
1543                 if (strcmp (opt_filename, "-") == 0)
1544                         /* Open STDIN */
1545                         infile = fdopen(0, "r");
1546                 else
1547                         infile = fopen(opt_filename, "r");
1548
1549                 if (infile == NULL)
1550                 {
1551                         fprintf (stderr, "Opening %s failed: %s\n",
1552                                         (strcmp (opt_filename, "-") == 0)
1553                                         ? "STDIN" : opt_filename,
1554                                         strerror(errno));
1555                         return (1);
1556                 }
1557
1558 #if _POSIX_SAVED_IDS
1559                 /* Regain privileges */
1560                 status = seteuid (saved_set_uid);
1561                 if (status != 0)
1562                 {
1563                         fprintf (stderr, "Temporarily re-gaining privileges "
1564                                         "failed: %s\n", strerror (errno));
1565                         exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
1566                 }
1567 #endif
1568
1569                 while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), infile))
1570                 {
1571                         /* Strip whitespace */
1572                         if (sscanf(line, "%s", host) != 1)
1573                                 continue;
1574
1575                         if ((host[0] == 0) || (host[0] == '#'))
1576                                 continue;
1577
1578                         if (ping_host_add(ping, host) < 0)
1579                         {
1580                                 const char *errmsg = ping_get_error (ping);
1581
1582                                 fprintf (stderr, "Adding host `%s' failed: %s\n", host, errmsg);
1583                                 continue;
1584                         }
1585                         else
1586                         {
1587                                 host_num++;
1588                         }
1589                 }
1590
1591 #if _POSIX_SAVED_IDS
1592                 /* Drop privileges */
1593                 status = seteuid (getuid ());
1594                 if (status != 0)
1595                 {
1596                         fprintf (stderr, "Temporarily dropping privileges "
1597                                         "failed: %s\n", strerror (errno));
1598                         exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
1599                 }
1600 #endif
1601
1602                 fclose(infile);
1603         }
1604
1605 #if _POSIX_SAVED_IDS
1606         /* Regain privileges */
1607         status = seteuid (saved_set_uid);
1608         if (status != 0)
1609         {
1610                 fprintf (stderr, "Temporarily re-gaining privileges "
1611                                 "failed: %s\n", strerror (errno));
1612                 exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
1613         }
1614 #endif
1615
1616         for (i = optind; i < argc; i++)
1617         {
1618                 if (ping_host_add (ping, argv[i]) < 0)
1619                 {
1620                         const char *errmsg = ping_get_error (ping);
1621
1622                         fprintf (stderr, "Adding host `%s' failed: %s\n", argv[i], errmsg);
1623                         continue;
1624                 }
1625                 else
1626                 {
1627                         host_num++;
1628                 }
1629         }
1630
1631         /* Permanently drop root privileges if we're setuid-root. */
1632         status = setuid (getuid ());
1633         if (status != 0)
1634         {
1635                 fprintf (stderr, "Dropping privileges failed: %s\n",
1636                                 strerror (errno));
1637                 exit (EXIT_FAILURE);
1638         }
1639
1640 #if _POSIX_SAVED_IDS
1641         saved_set_uid = (uid_t) -1;
1642 #endif
1643
1644         ping_initialize_contexts (ping);
1645
1646         if (i == 0)
1647                 return (1);
1648
1649         memset (&sigint_action, '\0', sizeof (sigint_action));
1650         sigint_action.sa_handler = sigint_handler;
1651         if (sigaction (SIGINT, &sigint_action, NULL) < 0)
1652         {
1653                 perror ("sigaction");
1654                 return (1);
1655         }
1656
1657         pre_loop_hook (ping);
1658
1659         while (opt_count != 0)
1660         {
1661                 int index;
1662                 int status;
1663
1664                 if (gettimeofday (&tv_begin, NULL) < 0)
1665                 {
1666                         perror ("gettimeofday");
1667                         return (1);
1668                 }
1669
1670                 status = ping_send (ping);
1671                 if (status == -EINTR)
1672                 {
1673                         continue;
1674                 }
1675                 else if (status < 0)
1676                 {
1677                         fprintf (stderr, "ping_send failed: %s\n",
1678                                         ping_get_error (ping));
1679                         return (1);
1680                 }
1681
1682                 index = 0;
1683                 for (iter = ping_iterator_get (ping);
1684                                 iter != NULL;
1685                                 iter = ping_iterator_next (iter))
1686                 {
1687                         update_host_hook (iter, index);
1688                         index++;
1689                 }
1690
1691                 pre_sleep_hook (ping);
1692
1693                 /* Don't sleep in the last iteration */
1694                 if (opt_count == 1)
1695                         break;
1696
1697                 if (gettimeofday (&tv_end, NULL) < 0)
1698                 {
1699                         perror ("gettimeofday");
1700                         return (1);
1701                 }
1702
1703                 time_calc (&ts_wait, &ts_int, &tv_begin, &tv_end);
1704
1705                 /* printf ("Sleeping for %i.%09li seconds\n", (int) ts_wait.tv_sec, ts_wait.tv_nsec); */
1706                 while ((status = nanosleep (&ts_wait, &ts_wait)) != 0)
1707                 {
1708                         if (errno == EINTR)
1709                         {
1710                                 continue;
1711                         }
1712                         else
1713                         {
1714                                 perror ("nanosleep");
1715                                 break;
1716                         }
1717                 }
1718
1719                 post_sleep_hook (ping);
1720
1721                 if (opt_count > 0)
1722                         opt_count--;
1723         } /* while (opt_count != 0) */
1724
1725         /* Returns the number of failed hosts according to -Z. */
1726         status = post_loop_hook (ping);
1727
1728         ping_destroy (ping);
1729
1730         if (status == 0)
1731                 exit (EXIT_SUCCESS);
1732         else
1733         {
1734                 if (status > 255)
1735                         status = 255;
1736                 exit (status);
1737         }
1738 } /* }}} int main */
1739
1740 /* vim: set fdm=marker : */